多目标混合装配线平衡方法优化
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摘要
在产品制造业中,混合装配线平衡具有重要意义,直接影响产品生产效率。为了实现多目标混合装配线平衡,需要建立以均衡不同工作区平均作业时间为优化目标,生产节奏约束、优先作业关系等为约束条件的多目标混合装配线平衡数学模型。传统优化方法主要考虑不同工作区作业任务的分配,尽可能地减少作业时间,但忽略了生产节奏约束、优先作业关系等约束条件,导致装配线瞬时负荷不平衡、装配线利用率低。针对以上问题,提出一种多目标混合装配线平衡优化方法。依据计划期对不同类型的产品需求量确定其生产节奏,以均衡不同工作区平均作业时间为优化目标,生产节奏约束、优先作业关系等为约束条件,对混合装配线平衡问题构建数学模型,采用多种群遗传算法对问题模型进行求解,通过种群间的选择、交叉变异操作确定模型的最优解。实验结果表明,所提方法有效提高了混合装配线的利用率和平衡率,达到了装配线瞬时负荷均衡的目的。
In product manufacturing industry, the equilibrium of mixed assembly line is very important, which directly affects production efficiency. Therefore, this article focuses on a method to optimize the equilibrium of multi-objective mixed assembly line. According to the plan period, we determined the production rhythm of demand for different types of products. The balance of average working time in different working areas was taken as the optimization goal. Meanwhile, production rhythm constraint and priority job relationship were used as constraints. We built the mathematical model for mixed assembly line balancing problem. Moreover, we used many kinds of population genetic algorithms to solve the problem model. Finally, we determined the optimal solution of model through the selection and cross-mutation operation between populations. Simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the utilization ratio and balance ratio of mixed assembly line. Meanwhile, the instantaneous load balancing of assembly line was achieved.
In product manufacturing industry, the equilibrium of mixed assembly line is very important, which directly affects production efficiency. Therefore, this article focuses on a method to optimize the equilibrium of multi-objective mixed assembly line. According to the plan period, we determined the production rhythm of demand for different types of products. The balance of average working time in different working areas was taken as the optimization goal. Meanwhile, production rhythm constraint and priority job relationship were used as constraints. We built the mathematical model for mixed assembly line balancing problem. Moreover, we used many kinds of population genetic algorithms to solve the problem model. Finally, we determined the optimal solution of model through the selection and cross-mutation operation between populations. Simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the utilization ratio and balance ratio of mixed assembly line. Meanwhile, the instantaneous load balancing of assembly line was achieved.
引文
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[10] 万晓琴,严洪森. 面向航空发动机装配线的知识化制造系统重调度和自重构[J]. 控制理论与应用, 2017,34(7):903-911.
[2] 邹积涛,等. 考虑多专业协同的装配线平衡问题研究[J]. 计算机工程与应用, 2017,53(7):263-270.
[3] 于涛,等. 基于粒子群算法的公差分配优化方法[J]. 工具技术, 2016,50(9):109-112.
[4] 吴意,等. 求解随机型双边装配线平衡问题的混合回溯搜索优化算法[J]. 武汉科技大学学报, 2016,39(2):121-127.
[5] 李爱平,等. 发动机装配线人工工位的人因时变可靠性建模[J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 2017,45(10):1483-1490.
[6] 李明富,张玉彦,周后明. 基于IWD算法的多目标混合品种装配线平衡问题[J]. 计算机集成制造系统, 2016,22(4):965-973.
[7] 鲁建厦,朱恺,董巧英. 基于混合混沌粒子群算法的装配线平衡问题研究[J]. 浙江工业大学学报, 2017, 45(1):114-118.
[8] 宫华,袁田,张彪. 基于深度邻域搜索PSO算法的装配序列优化问题[J]. 控制与决策, 2016,31(7):1291-1295.
[9] 雷兆明,等. 钢铁企业物流库存资源调度优化管理[J]. 计算机仿真, 2017,34(7):395-399.
[10] 万晓琴,严洪森. 面向航空发动机装配线的知识化制造系统重调度和自重构[J]. 控制理论与应用, 2017,34(7):903-911.