知识贸易、偏向性技术进步与经济增长
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摘要
以新增长理论为基础,构建了知识贸易理论模型;根据我国人力资本发展情况合理量化了知识贸易并根据知识贸易不同的来源分为三个组成部分,包括产品进口知识贸易量、外商投资知识贸易量、技术引进知识贸易量;建立包括知识贸易量、偏向性技术进步、国内生产总值指数三大部分、六个变量的MS-VAR模型实证分析得出以下结论:以偏向性技术进步的特征区分为两个时期,第一时期(1990—2000年)知识贸易对于偏向性技术进步与经济增长的影响大于第二时期(2000—2015年);知识贸易普遍促进了资本偏向性技术进步,产品进口知识贸易与技术引进知识贸易相对于外商投资知识贸易对经济增长的正向促进作用不明显且存在滞后,外商投资知识贸易显著提高了资本偏向性技术进步与一国的经济增长。
This article studies the positive effect of trade on economic growth,thus providing new insights into the biased technology progress. Based on the new growth theory,this article built the knowledge trade model and quantified the knowledge trade according to the latest development of human capital in China. Furthermore,knowledge trade was divided into products import,foreign investment and technological import in terms of the source of knowledge trade. Conclusion was drawn as follows using a MS-VAR model which consists of three parts and six variables: it can be divided into two periods about the effect of the knowledge trade on biased technology progress and economic growth,and the effect in 1990-2000 is greater than that in 2000-2015; knowledge trade generally promotes capital-biased technological progress. The effect of product import knowledge trade and technology import knowledge trade on economic growth is not obvious and lags behind that of foreign direct investment knowledge trade. The knowledge trade of foreign direct investment has greatly improved the development of capital-biased technology and the economic growth of a country.
This article studies the positive effect of trade on economic growth,thus providing new insights into the biased technology progress. Based on the new growth theory,this article built the knowledge trade model and quantified the knowledge trade according to the latest development of human capital in China. Furthermore,knowledge trade was divided into products import,foreign investment and technological import in terms of the source of knowledge trade. Conclusion was drawn as follows using a MS-VAR model which consists of three parts and six variables: it can be divided into two periods about the effect of the knowledge trade on biased technology progress and economic growth,and the effect in 1990-2000 is greater than that in 2000-2015; knowledge trade generally promotes capital-biased technological progress. The effect of product import knowledge trade and technology import knowledge trade on economic growth is not obvious and lags behind that of foreign direct investment knowledge trade. The knowledge trade of foreign direct investment has greatly improved the development of capital-biased technology and the economic growth of a country.
引文
[1]Kiyota K. Reconsidering the Effects of Intranational and nternational R&D Spillovers on Productivity Growth:Firm-level Evidence from Japan[J]. Discussion Papers,2018.
[2]AlcaláF,Ciccone A. Trade and Productivity[J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics,2004,119(2):613-646.
[3]龚刚,黄春媛,张前程,等.从技术引进走向自主研发——论新阶段下的中国经济增长方式[J].经济学动态,2013,(5):16-26.
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[5]尤玉平,张岳恒.论知识贸易中的古典式定价:劳动成本观点[J].华南农业大学学报(社科版),2002,(1):42-47.
[6]Acemoglu D. Patterns of skill premia[J]. The Review of Economic Studies,2003,70(2):199-230.
[7]戴天仕,徐现祥.中国的技术进步方向[J].世界经济,2010,(11):54-70.
[8]王林辉,赵景,李金城.劳动收入份额“U形”演变规律的新解释:要素禀赋结构与技术进步方向的视角[J].财经研究,2015,41(10):17-30.
[9]李小平,卢现祥,朱钟棣.国际贸易、技术进步和中国工业行业的生产率增长[J].经济学:季刊,2008,7(2):549-564.
[10]陈刚,尹希果,黄凌云.进口贸易、技术外溢与内生经济增长[J].经济评论,2008,(3):34-40.
[11]蒋仁爱,冯根福.贸易、FDI、无形技术外溢与中国技术进步[J].管理世界,2012,(9):49-60.
[12]唐未兵,傅元海,王展祥.技术创新、技术引进与经济增长方式转变[J].经济研究,2014,(7):31-43.
[13]袁建新,刘幸赟.技术引进促进经济增长作用省际差异性影响因素分析[J].中国工业经济,2010,(5):78-87.
[14]Lall S,Weiss J,Zhang J. The“sophistication”of exports:A new trade measure[J]. World Development,2006,34(2):222-237.
[15]Hausmann R,Hwang J,Rodrik D. What You Export Matters[J].Journal of Economic Growth,2007,12(1):1-25.
[16]Weldemicael E. Determinants of Export Sophistication[J]. University of Melbourne,2011.
[17]Schott P K. relative sophistication of Chinese exports|Economic Policy Oxford Academic[J]. Economic Policy,2008,23(53):5-49.
[18]Falvey R,Greenaway D,Silva J. Trade liberalisation and human capital adjustment[J]. Journal of International Economics,2010,81(2):230-239.
[19]苏志庆,陈银娥.知识贸易、技术进步与经济增长[J].经济研究,2014,(8):133-145.
[20] Hans van Meijl,Frank van Tongeren. Endogenous International Technology Spillovers and Biased Technical Change in Agriculture[J]. Economic Systems Research,1999,11(1):31-48.
[21]Barro R J,Lee J W. A new data set of educational attainment in the world,1950-2010[J]. Journal of Development Economics,2013,104(15902):184-198.
[22]董直庆,赵景,康红叶.有偏技术进步、技术来源及其经济增长效应[J].东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2017,19(1):65-74.
[23]宋冬林,王林辉,董直庆.资本体现式技术进步及其对经济增长的贡献率(1981-2007)[J].中国社会科学,2012,(4):91-106.
[24]戴天仕,徐现祥.中国的技术进步方向[J].世界经济,2010,(11):54-70.
[25]张俊,钟春平.偏向性技术进步理论:研究进展及争议[J].经济评论,2014,(5):148-160.
[2]AlcaláF,Ciccone A. Trade and Productivity[J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics,2004,119(2):613-646.
[3]龚刚,黄春媛,张前程,等.从技术引进走向自主研发——论新阶段下的中国经济增长方式[J].经济学动态,2013,(5):16-26.
[4]Young A. Learning by Doing and the Dynamic Effects of International Trade[J]. Social Science Electronic Publishing,1991,106(2):369-405.
[5]尤玉平,张岳恒.论知识贸易中的古典式定价:劳动成本观点[J].华南农业大学学报(社科版),2002,(1):42-47.
[6]Acemoglu D. Patterns of skill premia[J]. The Review of Economic Studies,2003,70(2):199-230.
[7]戴天仕,徐现祥.中国的技术进步方向[J].世界经济,2010,(11):54-70.
[8]王林辉,赵景,李金城.劳动收入份额“U形”演变规律的新解释:要素禀赋结构与技术进步方向的视角[J].财经研究,2015,41(10):17-30.
[9]李小平,卢现祥,朱钟棣.国际贸易、技术进步和中国工业行业的生产率增长[J].经济学:季刊,2008,7(2):549-564.
[10]陈刚,尹希果,黄凌云.进口贸易、技术外溢与内生经济增长[J].经济评论,2008,(3):34-40.
[11]蒋仁爱,冯根福.贸易、FDI、无形技术外溢与中国技术进步[J].管理世界,2012,(9):49-60.
[12]唐未兵,傅元海,王展祥.技术创新、技术引进与经济增长方式转变[J].经济研究,2014,(7):31-43.
[13]袁建新,刘幸赟.技术引进促进经济增长作用省际差异性影响因素分析[J].中国工业经济,2010,(5):78-87.
[14]Lall S,Weiss J,Zhang J. The“sophistication”of exports:A new trade measure[J]. World Development,2006,34(2):222-237.
[15]Hausmann R,Hwang J,Rodrik D. What You Export Matters[J].Journal of Economic Growth,2007,12(1):1-25.
[16]Weldemicael E. Determinants of Export Sophistication[J]. University of Melbourne,2011.
[17]Schott P K. relative sophistication of Chinese exports|Economic Policy Oxford Academic[J]. Economic Policy,2008,23(53):5-49.
[18]Falvey R,Greenaway D,Silva J. Trade liberalisation and human capital adjustment[J]. Journal of International Economics,2010,81(2):230-239.
[19]苏志庆,陈银娥.知识贸易、技术进步与经济增长[J].经济研究,2014,(8):133-145.
[20] Hans van Meijl,Frank van Tongeren. Endogenous International Technology Spillovers and Biased Technical Change in Agriculture[J]. Economic Systems Research,1999,11(1):31-48.
[21]Barro R J,Lee J W. A new data set of educational attainment in the world,1950-2010[J]. Journal of Development Economics,2013,104(15902):184-198.
[22]董直庆,赵景,康红叶.有偏技术进步、技术来源及其经济增长效应[J].东南大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2017,19(1):65-74.
[23]宋冬林,王林辉,董直庆.资本体现式技术进步及其对经济增长的贡献率(1981-2007)[J].中国社会科学,2012,(4):91-106.
[24]戴天仕,徐现祥.中国的技术进步方向[J].世界经济,2010,(11):54-70.
[25]张俊,钟春平.偏向性技术进步理论:研究进展及争议[J].经济评论,2014,(5):148-160.