武汉市4所高校大学生减肥意向与身体满意度从众行为的关系研究
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摘要
目的了解武汉高校在校大学生减肥意向状况及其与身体满意度和从众程度的相关关系,为大学生健康减肥、保障身心健康发展提供支持。方法在武汉4所高校以班级为单位,共随机抽取924名在校大学生进行减肥意向量表、从众程度量表和身体满意度量表的调查,并对结果进行分析。结果武汉高校大学女生减肥意向得分(3.11±1.15),显著高于男生(2.51±1.31),差异有统计学意义(t=-7.23,P<0.01);城市学生显著高于乡村,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.51, P <0.05)。从众程度与五官、驱干、整体外观满意度存在显著负相关关系(r值分别为-0.13、-0.20、-0.19, P<0. 01);减肥意向与四肢、驱干、整体外观存在显著的负相关关系(r值分别为-0.22、-0.24、-0.19,P<0.01),与从众程度呈现显著的正相关关系(r=0.52, P<0.01)。身体满意度对大学生的减肥意向起显著的负向预测作用,从众程度对减肥意向起到显著的正向预测作用。两者能够预测大学生减肥意向,能够解释28%的变量。结论武汉高校大学生身体满意度与减肥意向呈负相关,从众程度与减肥意向呈正相关;应多部门联合对大学生进行健康减肥教育,以保障健康发展。
Objective To understand the status of weight-loss intention and its relation with degree of satisfaction and the conformity of the body among undergraduate students in a university, and provide evidence for the health of body and mind development support. Methods From 4 universities in Wuhan, 924 college students were randomly selected for weight-loss intention scale, the degree of conformity scale and body satisfaction questionnaire survey. Results The score of female weight loss(3. 11 ± 1. 15) was significantly higher than that of male students(2. 51 ±1. 31),which was statistically significant(t=-7. 23, P <0. 01). The urban students were significantly higher than the rural areas, with statistical significance(t =-2. 51, P <0. 05). There was significant negative correlation between the degree of conformity and the total appearance satisfaction of facial apparatus, the overall appearance satisfaction( r =-0. 13,-0. 20,-0. 19, P <0. 01). Weight-loss intention was significant negative correlation with arms, legs, body and the overall appearance( r =-0.22,-0.24,-0.19, P<0. 01), and conformity degree showed significant positive correlation(r=0. 52, P<0. 01). Body satisfaction had significant negative predictive effect on college students' weight loss intention, which had significant positive predictive effect on weight loss intention. The two can predict college students' weight loss intention, which could explain 28% of variables. Conclusion The weight loss intention of college students in Wuhan is negatively correlated with body satisfaction, and the weight loss intention is positively correlated with the conformity degree. In order to ensure healthy development, multi-sector cooperation should be recommended.
Objective To understand the status of weight-loss intention and its relation with degree of satisfaction and the conformity of the body among undergraduate students in a university, and provide evidence for the health of body and mind development support. Methods From 4 universities in Wuhan, 924 college students were randomly selected for weight-loss intention scale, the degree of conformity scale and body satisfaction questionnaire survey. Results The score of female weight loss(3. 11 ± 1. 15) was significantly higher than that of male students(2. 51 ±1. 31),which was statistically significant(t=-7. 23, P <0. 01). The urban students were significantly higher than the rural areas, with statistical significance(t =-2. 51, P <0. 05). There was significant negative correlation between the degree of conformity and the total appearance satisfaction of facial apparatus, the overall appearance satisfaction( r =-0. 13,-0. 20,-0. 19, P <0. 01). Weight-loss intention was significant negative correlation with arms, legs, body and the overall appearance( r =-0.22,-0.24,-0.19, P<0. 01), and conformity degree showed significant positive correlation(r=0. 52, P<0. 01). Body satisfaction had significant negative predictive effect on college students' weight loss intention, which had significant positive predictive effect on weight loss intention. The two can predict college students' weight loss intention, which could explain 28% of variables. Conclusion The weight loss intention of college students in Wuhan is negatively correlated with body satisfaction, and the weight loss intention is positively correlated with the conformity degree. In order to ensure healthy development, multi-sector cooperation should be recommended.
引文
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[21]Rodgers R,Chabrol H,Paxton SJ. An exploration of the tripartite influence model of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating among Australian and French college women[J]. Body Image,2011,8(3):208-215.
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[23]田鹏,师捷璇.女大学生减肥动机及行为误区浅析[J].体育科技文献通报,2014,22(5):130-131.
[24]贺雯,卢家楣,王怀勇,等.中国当代大学生审美情感现状调查研究[J].心理科学,2016,39(6):1318-1325.
[25]万蔚.浅谈审美理念对艺术类大学生人文素养的提升[J].学校党建与思想教育,2017(12):31-32.
[26]孙慧,吕伟伟.自媒体下大学生审美与素质教育的优化模式[J].继续教育研究,2017(8):107-109.
[27]韩会芳,李洋洋,韦嘉,等.大学生审美目标价值观结构的初步研究[J].西南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2015,40(12):124-128.
[28]尹丰,肖蓉,龚娜,等.云南某高校大学生BMI及减肥情况调查[J].中国食物与营养,2017,23(6):85-88.
[29]于霞.运动减肥对肥胖女大学生身体形态和心率影响的实验研究[J]大连大学学报,2013,34(3):101-103.
[30]柏友萍,许晓东,孙骏,等.减肥运动处方对超重肥胖大学生腰臀比及血浆内脂素、脂联素的影响[J].成都体育学院学报,2013,39(10):80-85.
[31]齐玉刚,黄津虹,谭思洁. HIIT和持续性有氧运动对肥胖女大学生减肥效果的比较研究[J].中国体育科技,2013,49(1):30-33.
[2]李立,陈玉娟,胡艳华,等.网络成瘾肥胖大学生健身运动处方干预效果分析[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(6):894-896.
[3]倪国华,张璟,郑风田.中国肥胖流行的现状与趋势[J].中国食物与营养,2013,19(10):70-74.
[4]姜勇.我国成人超重肥胖流行现状、变化趋势及健康危害研究[D].北京:中国疾病预防控制中心,2013.
[5]尹小俭,季成叶,王树明.我国大学生肥胖流行现状及体质变化趋势[J].成都体育学院学报,2009,35(1):65-68.
[6]薛红妹,刘言,段若男,等.中国儿童青少年超重肥胖流行趋势及相关影响因素[J].中国学校卫生,2014,35(8):1258-1262.
[7]杨丽珠,李晓溪,高雯.应对计划对女大学生减肥效果的影响:情绪调节和理想体型有调节的中介作用[J].心理发展与教育,2013,3(9):319-326.
[8]李敏,王东生.石家庄高校女生隐性肥胖现状分析[J].中国学校卫生,2012,33(3):366-367.
[9]门杰,白小钢,黄文杰,等.有氧运动对肥胖大学生身体形态、身体成分相关指标的影响[J].长春师范大学学报,2015,34(2):121-123.
[10]胡永青.基于计划行为理论的大学生创业倾向影响因素研究[J].教育发展研究,2014,8(9):77-82.
[11]林琳,白新文.基于计划行为理论的大学生学业拖延行为研究[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2014,5(5):855-859,863.
[12]马如梦.多维自我体像关系调查问卷(MBSRQ)的初步修订及其与人格类型的相关性研究[D].西安:第四军医大学,2006.
[13]郑中翔.“020”商业模式中的从众行为研究[D].北京:北京印刷学院,2015.
[14]高秀峰.网络团购从众行为研究[D].北京:北京邮电大学,2011.
[15]王小雅,祁巧茹,卢晓翠,等.某医学院校大学生肥胖认知和减肥行为分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(1):54-56,60.
[16]洪丽敏.高职院校肥胖大学生减肥前后身体意象变化的实验研究[J]·浙江体育科学,2016,38(1):78-84.
[17]姚红梅,刘云霞,郭璇,等.女大学生减肥行为及其认知现状调查与分析[J].中国妇幼健康研究,2015,26(4):700-702.
[18]张燕.大学生身体意象与减肥行为的相关研究[D].南京:东南大学,2010.
[19] Xu X,Mellor D,Kiehne M,et al. Body dissatisfaction,engagement in body change behaviors and sociocultural influences on bodyimage among Chinese adolescents[J].Body Image, 2010, 7(2):156-164.
[20]赵惠亮.自我启动下瘦理想图片对胖负面身体自我女性身体满意度的影响[D].重庆:西南大学,2014.
[21]Rodgers R,Chabrol H,Paxton SJ. An exploration of the tripartite influence model of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating among Australian and French college women[J]. Body Image,2011,8(3):208-215.
[22]张林,刘燊,周盈英,等.社会文化压力对女大学生身体满意度影响机制[J].宁波大学学报:教育科学版,2015,37(6):1-6.
[23]田鹏,师捷璇.女大学生减肥动机及行为误区浅析[J].体育科技文献通报,2014,22(5):130-131.
[24]贺雯,卢家楣,王怀勇,等.中国当代大学生审美情感现状调查研究[J].心理科学,2016,39(6):1318-1325.
[25]万蔚.浅谈审美理念对艺术类大学生人文素养的提升[J].学校党建与思想教育,2017(12):31-32.
[26]孙慧,吕伟伟.自媒体下大学生审美与素质教育的优化模式[J].继续教育研究,2017(8):107-109.
[27]韩会芳,李洋洋,韦嘉,等.大学生审美目标价值观结构的初步研究[J].西南师范大学学报:自然科学版,2015,40(12):124-128.
[28]尹丰,肖蓉,龚娜,等.云南某高校大学生BMI及减肥情况调查[J].中国食物与营养,2017,23(6):85-88.
[29]于霞.运动减肥对肥胖女大学生身体形态和心率影响的实验研究[J]大连大学学报,2013,34(3):101-103.
[30]柏友萍,许晓东,孙骏,等.减肥运动处方对超重肥胖大学生腰臀比及血浆内脂素、脂联素的影响[J].成都体育学院学报,2013,39(10):80-85.
[31]齐玉刚,黄津虹,谭思洁. HIIT和持续性有氧运动对肥胖女大学生减肥效果的比较研究[J].中国体育科技,2013,49(1):30-33.