克里雅河流域土地利用/覆被及景观格局空间变化特征
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摘要
以新疆内陆河流—克里雅河流域为研究区,基于RS和GIS技术分析1990、2003、2016年土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC),并结合景观来分析克里雅河流域的空间变化特征。结果表明:1990—2016年克里雅河流域的LUCC的空间分布稳定。未利用地是研究区面积最大的地类。草地的面积变化较大,呈增加的趋势,冰川积雪的覆被面积略有增加。1990—2016年,未利用地的斑块密度及斑块数较大。在1990—2016年,林地的景观破碎度的值最大。城乡工矿用地的破碎度较大,且呈降低的趋势;耕地类型的景观格局的破碎化程度小,较为稳定;水域的景观形状趋于复杂化;未利用地的周长面积分维数较低。1990—2016年,在克里雅河流域的下游景观的破碎度较高,景观格局较不稳定。克里雅河流域的景观分离度指数呈现出了中游低、两头高的趋势。克里雅河流域上游的北部区域周长面积分维数较高。克里雅河流域的中游,景观分维数的空间分布变化较大。
This study took the inland river of Xinjiang,Keliya River Basin as the research area.Based on RS and GIS techniques,the changes of land use/cover(LUCC)in 1990,2003 and 2016 were analyzed and combining it with the landscape to analyze the spatial variation characteristics in the Keliya River Basin.The results showed that from 1990 to 2016,the spatial distribution of LUCC in the Keliya River Basin was steady.Unused land was the largest area of this study area.The area of the grassland changed greatly,showed increasing trends,and the cover area of glacier snow increased slightly.From1990 to 2016,the patch density and the number of patches in the unused land were relatively large.From 1990 to 2016,the value of landscape fragmentation of woodland was greater than other land.The degree of fragmentation of industrial and mining land in urban and rural areas was large and tended to decrease.The degree of fragmentation of the landscape pattern of farmland was small and steady.The landscape shape of water body tended to be complicated.The perimeter-area fractal dimension of unused land was low.From 1990 to 2016,in the lower reaches of the Keliya River Basin,the degree of fragmentation was high and the landscape pattern was unstable.The landscape division index of the Keliya River Basin showed a low trend in the midstream and high trend in the upstream and downstream of the river.The perimeter-area fractal dimension of northern region of the upper Keliya River Basin was relatively high.The spatial distribution of the landscape fractal dimension changed greatly in the middle reaches of the Keliya River Basin.
This study took the inland river of Xinjiang,Keliya River Basin as the research area.Based on RS and GIS techniques,the changes of land use/cover(LUCC)in 1990,2003 and 2016 were analyzed and combining it with the landscape to analyze the spatial variation characteristics in the Keliya River Basin.The results showed that from 1990 to 2016,the spatial distribution of LUCC in the Keliya River Basin was steady.Unused land was the largest area of this study area.The area of the grassland changed greatly,showed increasing trends,and the cover area of glacier snow increased slightly.From1990 to 2016,the patch density and the number of patches in the unused land were relatively large.From 1990 to 2016,the value of landscape fragmentation of woodland was greater than other land.The degree of fragmentation of industrial and mining land in urban and rural areas was large and tended to decrease.The degree of fragmentation of the landscape pattern of farmland was small and steady.The landscape shape of water body tended to be complicated.The perimeter-area fractal dimension of unused land was low.From 1990 to 2016,in the lower reaches of the Keliya River Basin,the degree of fragmentation was high and the landscape pattern was unstable.The landscape division index of the Keliya River Basin showed a low trend in the midstream and high trend in the upstream and downstream of the river.The perimeter-area fractal dimension of northern region of the upper Keliya River Basin was relatively high.The spatial distribution of the landscape fractal dimension changed greatly in the middle reaches of the Keliya River Basin.
引文
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[18]王洪亮,何秉宇.塔里木盆地南缘克里雅绿洲土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响研究[J].环境科学导刊,2011,30(4):60-63.
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[21]阿斯耶木·图尔迪,阿里木江·卡斯木.基于多元遥感数据的奎屯是城市扩张研究分析[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(2):233-237.
[22]高宾,李小玉,李志刚,等.基于景观格局的锦州湾沿海经济开发区生态风险分析[J].生态学报,2011,31(12):3441-3450.
[23]马宗义,颉耀文,余林,等.单一景观类型时空变化分析方法:以酒泉盆地绿洲化为例[J].地理科学进展,2012,31(12):1732-1738.
[24]吴未,许丽萍,张敏,等.不同斑块类型的景观指数粒度效应响应:以无锡市为例[J].生态学报,2016,36(9):1-10.
[25]张玲玲,赵永华,殷莎,等.基于移动窗口法的岷江干旱河谷景观格局梯度分析[J].生态学报,2014,34(12):3267-3284.
[2]杨君,关欣,李香云,等.近10年塔里木河流域土地利用/土地覆被变化与人口因素关系研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2006,20(2):114-117.
[3]田锡文,王新军,卡迪罗夫KG,等.近40a开卡库姆区土地利用/覆被变化及景观格局分析[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(6):232-241.
[4]彭保发,陈端吕,李文军,等.土地利用景观格局的稳定性研究:常德市为例[J].地理科学,2013,33(12):1484-1488.
[5]李琳.厦门市土地利用变化及其驱动力分析[J].地理空间信息,2017,15(2):105-107.
[6]谢花林.基于景观结构的土地利用生态风险空间特征:以江西兴国县为例[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(4):688-695.
[7]王永丽,于君宝,董虹芳,等.黄河三角洲滨海湿地的景观格局空间演变分析[J].地理科学,2012,32(6):717-724.
[8]SUI X,CHEN L,CHEN A,et al.Assessment of temporal and spatial landscape and avifauna changes in the Yellow River wetland natural reserves in 1990-2013,China[J].Ecological Engineering,2015,84:520-531.
[9]OLSSON E G A,AUSTRHEIM G,GRENNE S N.Landscape change patterns in mountains,land use and environmental diversity,Mid-Norway 1960-1993[J].Landscape ecology,2000,15(2):155-170.
[10]张丽,赵丹丹,刘吉平,等.近30年吉林市景观格局变化及气候效应[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2015,45(1):265-272.
[11]彭建,党威雄,刘焱序,等.景观生态风险评价研究进展与展望[J].地理学报,2015,70(4):664-677.
[12]年雁云,王晓利,陈璐.1990—2010年额济纳三角洲土地利用景观格局变化[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(3):777-785.
[13]张玉红,苏立英,于万辉,等.扎龙湿地景观动态变化特征[J].地理学报,2015,70(1):131-142.
[14]佟光臣,林杰,陈杭,等.1986—2013年南京市土地利用/覆被景观格局时空变化及驱动力因素分析[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):240-245.
[15]张敏,宫兆宁,赵文吉,等.近30年来白洋淀湿地景观格局变化及其驱动机制[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(15):1-12.
[16]杜清,徐海亮,凌红波,等.克里雅河流域1990—2010年土地利用覆被变化及其生态环境状况评价[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(3):198-202.
[17]麦麦提吐尔逊·艾则孜,海米提·依米提,迪拉娜·尼加提,等.昆仑山北麓克里雅绿洲生态服务价值对土地利用变化的响应[J].地理科学,2012,32(9):1148-1154.
[18]王洪亮,何秉宇.塔里木盆地南缘克里雅绿洲土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响研究[J].环境科学导刊,2011,30(4):60-63.
[19]刘吉平,马海超,赵丹丹.三江平原孤立湿地景观的空间结构[J].生态学报,2016,36(14):1-10.
[20]巩杰,谢余初,高彦净,等.1963—2009年金塔绿洲变化对绿洲景观格局的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(3):603-612.
[21]阿斯耶木·图尔迪,阿里木江·卡斯木.基于多元遥感数据的奎屯是城市扩张研究分析[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(2):233-237.
[22]高宾,李小玉,李志刚,等.基于景观格局的锦州湾沿海经济开发区生态风险分析[J].生态学报,2011,31(12):3441-3450.
[23]马宗义,颉耀文,余林,等.单一景观类型时空变化分析方法:以酒泉盆地绿洲化为例[J].地理科学进展,2012,31(12):1732-1738.
[24]吴未,许丽萍,张敏,等.不同斑块类型的景观指数粒度效应响应:以无锡市为例[J].生态学报,2016,36(9):1-10.
[25]张玲玲,赵永华,殷莎,等.基于移动窗口法的岷江干旱河谷景观格局梯度分析[J].生态学报,2014,34(12):3267-3284.