干旱胁迫对不同油菜品种苗期生物量和根系的影响
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摘要
油菜是我国主要的植物油料作物之一,干旱是限制甘肃省油菜产业发展的主要因素之一,春季油菜苗期干旱日益严重。采用盆栽法模拟春季干旱,对不同品种油菜苗期的生物量和根系进行观察。结果表明,苗期连续10 d干旱、土壤含水量低于5.76%时油菜幼苗出现死亡现象,土壤含水量减少约50%。甘蓝型油菜的水分利用率和根冠比均高于白菜型和芥菜型油菜,芥菜型油菜最低;根系鲜重与含水量和水分利用效率呈正相关关系。说明甘蓝型油菜抗旱性强于白菜型和芥菜型,且杂交品种陇油10号和青杂5号抗旱性比常规品种陇油2号强。
Rapeseed is one of the main plant oil crops in China,and drought is one of the main factors restricting the development of rapeseed industry in Gansu Province. Spring seedling drought of rapeseed is increasingly serious. The potted plants method was used to simulate spring drought,the biomass and root system of different rapeseed cultivars at seedling stage were observed. The results showed that the seedlings died when the seedling stage was drought for 10 days and the soil moisture content was lower than 5.76%,and the soil moisture content decreased by about 50%. The water use efficiency and root-shoot ratio of Brassica napus were higher than those of Brassica campestris and Brassica juncea,and Brassica juncea was the lowest. Root fresh weight was positively correlated with water content and water use efficiency. The results indicated that drought resistance of Brassica napus was higher than that of Brassica campestris and Brassica juncea,and the drought resistance of hybrid cultivars Longyou 10 and Qingza 5 was higher than that of conventional cultivar Longyou 2.
Rapeseed is one of the main plant oil crops in China,and drought is one of the main factors restricting the development of rapeseed industry in Gansu Province. Spring seedling drought of rapeseed is increasingly serious. The potted plants method was used to simulate spring drought,the biomass and root system of different rapeseed cultivars at seedling stage were observed. The results showed that the seedlings died when the seedling stage was drought for 10 days and the soil moisture content was lower than 5.76%,and the soil moisture content decreased by about 50%. The water use efficiency and root-shoot ratio of Brassica napus were higher than those of Brassica campestris and Brassica juncea,and Brassica juncea was the lowest. Root fresh weight was positively correlated with water content and water use efficiency. The results indicated that drought resistance of Brassica napus was higher than that of Brassica campestris and Brassica juncea,and the drought resistance of hybrid cultivars Longyou 10 and Qingza 5 was higher than that of conventional cultivar Longyou 2.
引文
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[12] ABBASIAN A,RAD A H S. Investigation the response of rapeseed cultivars to moisture regimes in different growth stages[J]. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2011, 12(2):353-366.
[13]白鹏,冉春艳,谢小玉.干旱胁迫对油菜蕾蔓期生理特性及农艺性状的影响[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(18):3566-3576.
[14]杨春杰,张学昆,邹崇顺,等. PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫对不同甘蓝型油菜品种萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2007,29(4):425-430.
[15]王道杰,桂月靖,杨翠玲,等.油菜抗旱性及鉴定方法与指标Ⅱ.油菜芽期抗旱性鉴定指标的研究[J].西北农业学报,2012,21(3):84-91.
[16] WILLENBORG C,GULDEN R,JOHNSON E, et al. Canola:germination characteristics of polymer-coalted canola(Brassica napus L). seeds subjected to moisture stress at different temperatures[J]. Agronomy Journa1,2004,96:786-791.
[2]范莉梅,车克钧.甘肃省近54年日照时数变化特征及影响因素[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(6):194-199.
[3]刘德祥,白虎志,梁东升,等.甘肃不同强度降水日数变化对干旱灾害的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2007,25(2):212-217.
[4]李占玲,徐宗学.甘肃省40年来气温和降水时空变化[J].应用气象学报,2009,20(1):102-107.
[5] LOURENS P AND LARS M. Seedling traits determine drought tolerance of tropical tree species[J]. Biotropica,2008,40:321-331.
[6] HENDRIK P, ULO N, LOURENS P et al.Causes and consequences of variation in leaf mass per area(LMA):a meta-analysis[J].New Phytol,2009,182:565-588.
[7] AINSWORTH E A,ROGERS A. The response of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance to rising CO2:mechanisms and environmental interactions[J]. Plant Cell Environ,2007,30:258-270.
[8]姚庆群,谢贵水.干早胁迫下光合作用的气孔与非气孔限制[J].热带农业科学,2006(25):80-85.
[9]董小云,米超,刘自刚,等. PEG模拟水分胁迫对白菜型冬油菜幼苗生长及生长特性的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,2018,52(3):313-321.
[10]张静,崔颖,孙尧,等.不同程度干早胁迫对油菜种子萌发及幼苗生长特性的影响[J].干早地区农业研究,2011,29(2):164-167.
[11]朱宗河,郑文寅,张学昆.甘蓝型油菜耐旱相关性状的主成分分析及综合评价[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(9):1775-1787.
[12] ABBASIAN A,RAD A H S. Investigation the response of rapeseed cultivars to moisture regimes in different growth stages[J]. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2011, 12(2):353-366.
[13]白鹏,冉春艳,谢小玉.干旱胁迫对油菜蕾蔓期生理特性及农艺性状的影响[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(18):3566-3576.
[14]杨春杰,张学昆,邹崇顺,等. PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫对不同甘蓝型油菜品种萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2007,29(4):425-430.
[15]王道杰,桂月靖,杨翠玲,等.油菜抗旱性及鉴定方法与指标Ⅱ.油菜芽期抗旱性鉴定指标的研究[J].西北农业学报,2012,21(3):84-91.
[16] WILLENBORG C,GULDEN R,JOHNSON E, et al. Canola:germination characteristics of polymer-coalted canola(Brassica napus L). seeds subjected to moisture stress at different temperatures[J]. Agronomy Journa1,2004,96:786-791.