西藏伦坡拉盆地牛堡组层序地层与沉积充填模式
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摘要
通过对伦坡拉盆地的地震、测井、岩心、露头等资料的综合分析,建立了伦坡拉盆地牛堡组的层序地层格架,将牛堡组划分为1个一级层序,3个二级层序(对应于牛一段、牛二段、牛三段地层),7个三级层序(自下而上依次为SQ1、SQ2、SQ3、SQ4、SQ5、SQ6和SQ7);依据牛堡组的层序地层特征,归纳出弯折带型和断坡带型2种层序构成样式。弯折带型层序构成样式中,高位体系域在缓坡区发育的扇三角洲、低位体系域在坡折内发育的大型低位扇,以及断坡带型层序构成样式中,坡折内发育的高位辫状河三角洲与大型低位扇,为勘探储层的有利目标。通过对各层序的沉积体系时空展布的研究,建立了研究区牛堡组沉积期的沉积模式,并认为该时期主要发育3大连片砂体,即北部、西南部和东部砂体,砂体的展布受坡折带控制明显。
Based on an integrated investigation of well logging,seismic data,cores and outcrops,the Niubao Formation in the Lunpola Basin was subdivided into one first order sequence,three second order sequences,corresponding to the first,second and third members of Niubao Formation,and seven third order sequences from base to top,namely SQ1,SQ2,SQ3,SQ4,SQ5,SQ6,and SQ7. Two sequence stratigraphic patterns including faulted slope zone and flexure slope break zone were identified within the sequence stratigraphic framework. There are several exploration targets,including fan deltas on the gentle slope of HST and large-scale low stand fans in the slope break zone of LST in the flexure slope break zone,and high stand braided river deltas and large-scale low stand fans in the slope break zone in the faulted slope zone. A sedimentary model was established through the analyses of spatial and temporal distribution of the sequences. Three main sand bodies developed in the Niubao Formation,namely the northern,southwestern and eastern sand bodies,and their distribution was controlled by the slope break zone.
Based on an integrated investigation of well logging,seismic data,cores and outcrops,the Niubao Formation in the Lunpola Basin was subdivided into one first order sequence,three second order sequences,corresponding to the first,second and third members of Niubao Formation,and seven third order sequences from base to top,namely SQ1,SQ2,SQ3,SQ4,SQ5,SQ6,and SQ7. Two sequence stratigraphic patterns including faulted slope zone and flexure slope break zone were identified within the sequence stratigraphic framework. There are several exploration targets,including fan deltas on the gentle slope of HST and large-scale low stand fans in the slope break zone of LST in the flexure slope break zone,and high stand braided river deltas and large-scale low stand fans in the slope break zone in the faulted slope zone. A sedimentary model was established through the analyses of spatial and temporal distribution of the sequences. Three main sand bodies developed in the Niubao Formation,namely the northern,southwestern and eastern sand bodies,and their distribution was controlled by the slope break zone.
引文
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[11]谢尚克,杜佰伟,王剑,等.西藏伦坡拉盆地油页岩特征及分布规律[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2014,44(6):1760-1767.Xie Shangke,Du Baiwei,Wang Jian,et al.Characteristics and distribution rule of oil shale in Lunpola Basin,Tibet[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2014,44(6):1760-1767.
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[14]李相博,郭彦如,刘化清,等.浅谈小波分析在鄂尔多斯盆地延长组层序地层划分中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(6):779-782.Li Xiangbo,Guo Yanru,Liu Huaqing,et al.The application of wavelet analysis in sequence stratigraphic subdivision of the Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(6):779-782.
[15]赵伟,姜在兴,邱隆伟,等.小波分析划分层序单元的地质学理论基础、方法与应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(4):436-441.Zhao Wei,Jiang Zaixing,Qiu Longwei,et al.Geological concept,method and application of sequence unit identification through wavelet analysis[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(4):436-441.
[16]朱筱敏,康安,王贵文.陆相坳陷型和断陷型湖盆层序地层样式探讨[J].沉积学报,2003,21(2):283-287.Zhu Xiaomin,Kang An,Wang Guiwen.Sequence stratigraphic models of depression and faulted-down lake basins[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(2):283-287.
[17]王华,廖远涛,陆永潮,等.中国东部新生代陆相断陷盆地层序的构成样式[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(1):277-285.Wang Hua,Liao Yuantao,Lu Yongchao,et al.Sequence architecture styles of Cenozoic continental rift basins in East China[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(1):277-285.
[18]任建业,陆永潮,张青林.断陷盆地构造坡折带形成机制及其对层序发育样式的控制[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2004,29(5):596-602.Ren Jianye,Lu Yongchao,Zhang Qinglin.Forming mechanism of structural slope-break and its control on sequence style in faulted basin[J].Earth Science(Journal of China University of Geosciences),2004,29(5):596-602.
[19]董艳蕾,朱筱敏,李德江,等.渤海湾盆地辽东湾地区古近系地震相研究[J].沉积学报,2007,25(4):554-563.Dong Yanlei,Zhu Xiaomin,Li Dejiang,et al.Seismic facies of Paleogene in Liaodong Bay,Bohai Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(4):554-563.
[20]张兵,王绪本,周刚,等.大川中地区须家河组二、四段地震相与沉积相研究[J].海洋地质前沿,2013,29(3):13-21.Zhang Bing,Wang Xuben,Zhou Gang,et al.Study of seismic and sedimentary facies of the 2nd and 4th members of the Xujiahe Formation in the Great Central Sichuan[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2013,29(3):13-21.
[2]顾忆,邵志兵,叶德燎,等.西藏伦坡拉盆地烃源岩特征及资源条件[J].石油实验地质,1999,21(4):340-345.Gu Yi,Shao Zhibing,Ye Deliao,et al.Characteristics of source rocks and resource prospect in the Lunpola Basin,Tibet[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1999,21(4):340-345.
[3]雷清亮,戴国汉,傅孝悦.西藏油气远景分析[J].石油与天然气地质,1996,17(1):22-26.Lei Qingliang,Dai Guohan,Fu Xiaoyue.Analysis hydrocarbon prospects of in Tibet[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1996,17(1):22-26.
[4]李宇平,范小军.断拗型盆地构造—沉积模式与隐蔽性油藏:以西藏伦坡拉盆地古近系为例[J].地质与勘探,2015,51(4):789-796.Li Yuping,Fan Xiaojun.Structure-sedimentary model and subtle reservoirs in fault-depression basins:An example of the Paleogene system in the Lunpola Basin,Tibet[J].Geology and Exploration,2015,51(4):789-796.
[5]马鹏飞,王立成,冉波.青藏高原中部新生代伦坡拉盆地沉降史分析[J].岩石学报,2013,29(3):990-1002.Ma Pengfei,Wang Licheng,Ran Bo.Subsidence analysis of the Cenozoic Lunpola Basin,central Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013,29(3):990-1002.
[6]Ma Pengfei,Wang Chengshan,Wang Licheng,et al.Sedimentology and organic properties of Lower Tertiary lacustrine source rocks,Lunpola Basin,central Tibetan Plateau:Implications for hydrocarbon potential[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2015,66(Part 4):1029-1041.
[7]孙涛,王成善,李亚林,等.西藏中部伦坡拉盆地古近系沉积有机质特征及意义[J].地球化学,2012,41(6):530-537.Sun Tao,Wang Chengshan,Li Yalin,et al.Characteristics and significance of sedimentary organic matter in the Paleogene of Lunpola Basin,central Tibet[J].Geochimica,2012,41(6):530-537.
[8]孙涛.西藏伦坡拉盆地古近系层序地层学及岩性圏闭研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2013.Sun Tao.Sequence stratigraphy and lithologic trap predication in the Lunpola Basin[D].Beijing:China University of Geoscience(Beijing),2013.
[9]孙玮,李智武,肖秋苟,等.西藏伦坡拉盆地北缘中深层古近系牛堡组油气成藏分析[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015,42(4):419-426.Sun Wei,Li Zhiwu,Xiao Qiugou,et al.Analysis of petroleum accumulation of Paleogene Niubao Formation in middle-deep underground on north margin of Lunpola Basin,Tibet,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science&Technology Edition),2015,42(4):419-426.
[10]Sun Tao,Wang Chengshan,Duan Yi,et al.The organic geochemistry of the Eocene-Oligocene black shales from the Lunpola Basin,central Tibet[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2014,79:468-476.
[11]谢尚克,杜佰伟,王剑,等.西藏伦坡拉盆地油页岩特征及分布规律[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2014,44(6):1760-1767.Xie Shangke,Du Baiwei,Wang Jian,et al.Characteristics and distribution rule of oil shale in Lunpola Basin,Tibet[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2014,44(6):1760-1767.
[12]Fu Xiugen,Jian Wang,Chen Wenbin,et al.Organic accumulation in lacustrine rift basin:Constraints from mineralogical and multiple geochemical proxies[J].International Journal of Earth Sciences,2015,104(2):495-511.
[13]冯有良.东营凹陷下第三系层序地层格架及盆地充填模式[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),1999,24(6):635-642.Feng Youliang.Lower tertiary sequence stratigraphic framework and basin filling model in Dongying Depression[J].Earth Science(Journal of China University of Geosciences),1999,24(6):635-642.
[14]李相博,郭彦如,刘化清,等.浅谈小波分析在鄂尔多斯盆地延长组层序地层划分中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(6):779-782.Li Xiangbo,Guo Yanru,Liu Huaqing,et al.The application of wavelet analysis in sequence stratigraphic subdivision of the Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(6):779-782.
[15]赵伟,姜在兴,邱隆伟,等.小波分析划分层序单元的地质学理论基础、方法与应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(4):436-441.Zhao Wei,Jiang Zaixing,Qiu Longwei,et al.Geological concept,method and application of sequence unit identification through wavelet analysis[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(4):436-441.
[16]朱筱敏,康安,王贵文.陆相坳陷型和断陷型湖盆层序地层样式探讨[J].沉积学报,2003,21(2):283-287.Zhu Xiaomin,Kang An,Wang Guiwen.Sequence stratigraphic models of depression and faulted-down lake basins[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(2):283-287.
[17]王华,廖远涛,陆永潮,等.中国东部新生代陆相断陷盆地层序的构成样式[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(1):277-285.Wang Hua,Liao Yuantao,Lu Yongchao,et al.Sequence architecture styles of Cenozoic continental rift basins in East China[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(1):277-285.
[18]任建业,陆永潮,张青林.断陷盆地构造坡折带形成机制及其对层序发育样式的控制[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2004,29(5):596-602.Ren Jianye,Lu Yongchao,Zhang Qinglin.Forming mechanism of structural slope-break and its control on sequence style in faulted basin[J].Earth Science(Journal of China University of Geosciences),2004,29(5):596-602.
[19]董艳蕾,朱筱敏,李德江,等.渤海湾盆地辽东湾地区古近系地震相研究[J].沉积学报,2007,25(4):554-563.Dong Yanlei,Zhu Xiaomin,Li Dejiang,et al.Seismic facies of Paleogene in Liaodong Bay,Bohai Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(4):554-563.
[20]张兵,王绪本,周刚,等.大川中地区须家河组二、四段地震相与沉积相研究[J].海洋地质前沿,2013,29(3):13-21.Zhang Bing,Wang Xuben,Zhou Gang,et al.Study of seismic and sedimentary facies of the 2nd and 4th members of the Xujiahe Formation in the Great Central Sichuan[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2013,29(3):13-21.