高钙配方窑法还原中低品位磷矿
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摘要
以高钙配方窑法还原中低品位磷矿,采用热分析确定了还原磷矿所需的煅烧温度,研究了钙硅摩尔比、矿化剂、碳的掺入量对磷矿还原率的影响,并利用XRD对最后的残渣进行物相分析。结果表明:磷矿开始被还原的温度大约为1 200℃,达到最大还原速率的温度为1 300℃;随着钙硅摩尔比的减小,磷矿的还原率逐渐增大;磷石膏、萤石的加入能明显提高磷矿的还原率,二者的最佳掺量分别为9%、1.5%;磷石膏与萤石的复合加入相对于单独加入对磷矿的还原率有所提高,但不明显;试验中存在碳的烧损,当将碳量提高到理论值的1.4倍时,磷矿还原率达到87%以上;在1 300℃的煅烧温度下,残渣中已经得到了硅酸盐、铝酸盐矿物的中间过渡相,欲得到胶凝性良好的硅酸盐矿物、铝酸盐矿物还需进一步研究。
The low and medium-grade phosphorites are reduced with high-calcium proportion in kiln.The calcining temperature is determined by thermal analysis.The effects of Ca/Si,mineralize and carbon content on reduction ratio of phosphorite are studied and the slag is analyzed by XRD.The results show that The initial reduction temperature of phosphorite is about 1 200℃ and the reduction rate comes up to the maximum at 1 300℃.The reduction ratio of phosphorite increases with the decrease in Ca/Si.The addition of phosphogypsum or fluorite can improve the reduction ratio.The best content is 9% and 1.5%,respectively.The mixture of phosphogypsum and fluorite can increase the reduction ratio comparing with the single component,but not noticeably.There exists carbon loss in calcining process.The reduction ratio of phosphorite exceeds 87% when the carbon content is 1.4 times of theoretical value.The slag has contained transition phase of silicate and aluminate minerals at the calcining temperature of 1 300℃,however,it need more work to obtain excellent cementitious minerals.
The low and medium-grade phosphorites are reduced with high-calcium proportion in kiln.The calcining temperature is determined by thermal analysis.The effects of Ca/Si,mineralize and carbon content on reduction ratio of phosphorite are studied and the slag is analyzed by XRD.The results show that The initial reduction temperature of phosphorite is about 1 200℃ and the reduction rate comes up to the maximum at 1 300℃.The reduction ratio of phosphorite increases with the decrease in Ca/Si.The addition of phosphogypsum or fluorite can improve the reduction ratio.The best content is 9% and 1.5%,respectively.The mixture of phosphogypsum and fluorite can increase the reduction ratio comparing with the single component,but not noticeably.There exists carbon loss in calcining process.The reduction ratio of phosphorite exceeds 87% when the carbon content is 1.4 times of theoretical value.The slag has contained transition phase of silicate and aluminate minerals at the calcining temperature of 1 300℃,however,it need more work to obtain excellent cementitious minerals.
引文
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[3]刘明理.立窑法利用中低品位磷矿石生产工业磷酸的研究[J].化学研究与应用,2009,21(1):131-134.
[4]刘芋宏,刘代俊,杨军,等.硅质磷矿高钙配比热法磷酸工艺研究[J].化工矿物与加工,2010,(9):9-11.
[5]化学工业部天津化工研究院,无机化工产品(第二版)[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1993:553-556.
[6]邱礼有,江礼科.窑法磷酸生产的旋窑制气试验研究[J].化学反应工程与工艺,1993,9(1):90-97.
[7]朱玉平.窑法磷酸工艺的工业化前景[J].磷肥与复肥,2008,23(5):25-28.
[8]黄鸿宁.加快窑法磷酸工业化——提高窑法磷酸经济性和对磷矿资源的适应性[J].磷肥与复肥,1998,(3):1-7.
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