民族人口分布专题信息表达的标签云布局方法
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摘要
针对传统的民族人口分布专题图的表示方法往往不能同时兼顾人口规模和分布位置两类信息的表达的问题,该文基于标签云技术,提出一种面向民族人口分布专题信息表达的标签云布局方法。通过标签的构型和尺寸分别表示民族人口的类型和数量特征,并对标签的位置设置地理特征关联和制图空间约束,实现顾及空间分布特征的标签云布局。该文以云南省民族人口分布标签云地图为案例,验证了标签云布局算法的可行性,并对生成结果进行了测评。实验表明,采用标签云方法可获得更加直观的可视化效果,便于读者快速获取民族人口分布信息。该文提出的标签云布局方法可以有效地生成民族人口分布标签云专题图,算法执行效率较高。
Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to represent both population amount and distribution by using the traditional methods of ethnic population mapping,taking the advantages of tag cloud technology,this paper proposed a tag cloud layout method to visualize the ethnic population information.The shape and size of tags referred to the ethnic groups and their population amount respectively,while the location of each tag was set considering the corresponding geographic reference and cartographic constraints.In this way,a tag cloud layout taking into account the ethnic spatial distribution could be obtained.In order to verify the proposed tag cloud layout method,a case study on Yunnan province ethnic distribution was carried out.The experimental results showed that the tag cloud layout could provide an intuitionistic visualization of the ethnic population,which was helpful to figure out the characteristics of ethnic distribution quickly.In addition,the proposed method could layout the ethnic tag cloud effectively and generate the ethnic population map with a high speed.
Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to represent both population amount and distribution by using the traditional methods of ethnic population mapping,taking the advantages of tag cloud technology,this paper proposed a tag cloud layout method to visualize the ethnic population information.The shape and size of tags referred to the ethnic groups and their population amount respectively,while the location of each tag was set considering the corresponding geographic reference and cartographic constraints.In this way,a tag cloud layout taking into account the ethnic spatial distribution could be obtained.In order to verify the proposed tag cloud layout method,a case study on Yunnan province ethnic distribution was carried out.The experimental results showed that the tag cloud layout could provide an intuitionistic visualization of the ethnic population,which was helpful to figure out the characteristics of ethnic distribution quickly.In addition,the proposed method could layout the ethnic tag cloud effectively and generate the ethnic population map with a high speed.
引文
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[17]BUCHIN K,CREEMERS D,LAZZAROTTO A,et al.Geo word clouds[C/OL]∥2016IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium,2016[2018-06-14].https:∥pure.tue.nl/ws/files/90590551/geowordclouds_authorfinal.pdf.
[18]钱乐祥.制图资料数量指标的分级方法[J].地图,1994(1):42-46.(QIAN Lexiang.Grading methodology for quantitative indicators of mapping information[J].Map,1994(1):42-46.)
[19]龚明劼,张鹰,张芸.卫星遥感制图最佳影像空间分辨率与地图比例尺关系探讨[J].测绘科学,2009,34(4):232-233,60.(GONG Mingjie,ZHANG Ying,ZHANG Yun.The discussion of the relation between the scale and the best spatial resolution in making cartographies with RS[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2009,34(4):232-233,60.)
[20]FRANKLIN W R.PNPoly:point inclusion in polygon test[EB/OL].[2018-06-14].http:∥www.ecse.rpi.edu/Homepages/wrf/Research/Short_Notes/pnpoly.html.
[21]MUNSHI R.The Jordan curve theorem[J].Resonance,1999,4(11):14-20.
[2]孙育秋.省区人口分布图的制图特点和方法[M]∥陈昱.遥感·地图·地理信息系统在资源与环境研究中的应用.成都:成都地图出版社,1991:167-172.(SUNYuqiu.Compiling feature and method for provincial maps of population distribution[M]∥CHEN Yu.Application of remote sensing·map·geographic information system in resources and environment research.Chengdu:Chengdu Cartographic Publishing House,1991:167-172.)
[3]杨晓英.分区统计图法及其在专题地图编制中的应用[J].贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000,18(1):90-91,101.(YANG Xiaoying.Map-making of statistic quantity and use in the compiling method for thematic maps[J].Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Natural Science),2000,18(1):90-91,101.)
[4]张文忠.等密度线图的绘制方法[J].测绘学报,1983,12(4):290-299.(ZHANG Wenzhong.The method of mapping by lines of equal density[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,1983,12(4):290-299.)
[5]刘炎迅.1949年后乌鲁木齐维汉之间[EB/OL].(2014-07-06)[2018-06-14].http:∥www.guancha.cn/zhongguoxinwenzhoukan/2014_07_06_238256_s.shtml.(LIU Yanxun.Uygur-Han relations inrümqi after 1949[EB/OL].(2014-07-06)[2018-06-14].http:∥www.guancha.cn/zhongguoxinwenzhoukan/2014_07_06_238256_s.shtml.)
[6]LEGINUS M,ZHAI C X,DOLOG P.Personalized generation of word clouds from tweets[J].Journal of the Association for Information Science&Technology,2016,67(5):47-56.
[7]张媛,赵艺超.基于用户体验的标签云可视化布局研究[J].计算机与数字工程,2011(10):16-18,200.(ZHANG Yuan,ZHAO Yichao.Research on the visual layouts of tag cloud based on users’experience[J].Computer&Digital Engineering,2011(10):16-18,200.)
[8]ZHANG Yuan,RONG Yihong.Research on the visual features of Chinese tag cloud based on learners’visual recognition[C]∥International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education.Piscataway,New Jersey,USA:IEEE,2010:606-609.
[9]MILGRAM S,JODELET D.Psychological maps of Paris[M]∥PROSHANSKY H,ITTELSON W H,RIVLIN L G.Environmental psychology:people and their physical settings.New York:Holt,Rinehart and Winston,1976:104-124.
[10]JAFFE A,NAAMAN M,TASSA T,et al.Generating summaries and visualization for large collections of georeferenced photographs[C]∥Proceedings of the 8th ACMInternational Workshop on Multimedia Information Retrieval.New York,NY,USA:ACM,2006:89-98.
[11]SLINGSBY A,DYKES J,WOOD J,et al.Interactive tag maps and tag clouds for the multiscale exploration of large spatio-temporal datasets[C]∥Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Information Visualization.Washington,DC,USA:IEEE Computer Society,2007:497-504.
[12]WOOD J,DYKES J,SLINGSBY A,et al.Interactive visual exploration of a large spatio-temporal dataset:reflections on a geovisualization mashup[J].IEEETransactions on Visualization&Computer Graphics,2007,13(6):1176-1183.
[13]MOUSSELLY-SERGIEH H,WATZINGER D,HU-BER B,et al.World-wide scale geotagged image dataset for automatic image annotation and reverse geotagging[C]∥Multimedia Systems Conference.New York,NY,USA:ACM,2014:47-52.
[14]NGUYEN D Q,SCHUMANN H.Taggram:exploring geo-data on maps through a tag cloud-based visualization[C]∥Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Information Visualisation.Washington,DC,USA:IEEE Computer Society,2010:322-328.
[15]CHIARA D D,FATTO V D,SEBILLO M,et al.Tag@map:a web-based application for visually analyzing geographic information through georeferenced tag clouds[M].Berlin:Springer,2012:72-81.
[16]华一新,李响,赵军喜,等.一种基于标签云的位置关联文本信息可视化方法[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2015,40(8):1080-1087.(HUA Yixin,LI Xiang,ZHAOJunxi,et al.A tag cloud-based visualization for geotagged text information[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2015,40(8):1080-1087.)
[17]BUCHIN K,CREEMERS D,LAZZAROTTO A,et al.Geo word clouds[C/OL]∥2016IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium,2016[2018-06-14].https:∥pure.tue.nl/ws/files/90590551/geowordclouds_authorfinal.pdf.
[18]钱乐祥.制图资料数量指标的分级方法[J].地图,1994(1):42-46.(QIAN Lexiang.Grading methodology for quantitative indicators of mapping information[J].Map,1994(1):42-46.)
[19]龚明劼,张鹰,张芸.卫星遥感制图最佳影像空间分辨率与地图比例尺关系探讨[J].测绘科学,2009,34(4):232-233,60.(GONG Mingjie,ZHANG Ying,ZHANG Yun.The discussion of the relation between the scale and the best spatial resolution in making cartographies with RS[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2009,34(4):232-233,60.)
[20]FRANKLIN W R.PNPoly:point inclusion in polygon test[EB/OL].[2018-06-14].http:∥www.ecse.rpi.edu/Homepages/wrf/Research/Short_Notes/pnpoly.html.
[21]MUNSHI R.The Jordan curve theorem[J].Resonance,1999,4(11):14-20.