结核分枝杆菌σ因子的调节机制和功能
|
摘要
分枝杆菌对宿主细胞的超强适应能力是其具有毒力的重要决定因素,结核分枝杆菌(MTB)能够适应宿主细胞内各种复杂的压力环境,这和σ因子介导下特定调节子的表达密不可分的。σ因子对于MTB的生存至关重要,尤其在压力环境下σ因子彼此之间构成一个复杂的调控网络调控基因的表达,以保证其更好的生存。本文就结核分枝杆菌σ因子的调控作用、功能及其在结核病防治中的应用做一简单的综述。
[Objective]One of the important determinants of virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) is adaptation to adverse conditions encountered in the host cells. The ability of MTB to successfully adapt to stress conditions is brought about by the expression of specific regulons effected by a repertoire of σfactors. The σ factors are essential for the survival of MTB,especially in stress conditions,σ factors form a complex regulatory network to regulate gene expression to ensure its better survival. This paper summarizes the latest studies about the regulation of σ factors in MTB,and the significance of these studies in the prevention and therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis.
[Objective]One of the important determinants of virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) is adaptation to adverse conditions encountered in the host cells. The ability of MTB to successfully adapt to stress conditions is brought about by the expression of specific regulons effected by a repertoire of σfactors. The σ factors are essential for the survival of MTB,especially in stress conditions,σ factors form a complex regulatory network to regulate gene expression to ensure its better survival. This paper summarizes the latest studies about the regulation of σ factors in MTB,and the significance of these studies in the prevention and therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis.
引文
[1]GAUTAM US,SIKRI K,VASHISTA,et al. Essentiality of DevR/DosR interaction withσAfor the dormancy survival program in Mycobacterium tuberculosis[J]. Bacteriol,2014,196(4):790-799.
[2] KUDHAIR BK,HOUNSLOW AM,ROLFE MD,et al. Structure of a Wbl protein and implications for NO sensing by M. tuberculosis[J].Nat Commun,2017,8(1):2280-2291.
[3]HU Y,WANG Z,FENG L,et al.σ E-dependent activation of RbpA controls transcription of the furA-katG operon in response to oxidative stress in mycobacteria[J].Mol Microbiol,2016,102(1):107-120.
[4]LEE JH,KARAKOUSIS PC,BISHAI WR. Roles ofσBandσFin the Mycobacterium tuberculosis σ factor network[J]. J Bacteriol,2008,190(2):699-707.
[5]RODRIGUE S,BRODEUR J,JACQUES PE,et al. Identification of mycobacterial σ factor binding sites by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays[J].Bacteriol,2007,189(5):1505-1513.
[6]SUN R,CONVERSE PJ,KO C,et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis ECF σ factor σ~C is required for lethality in mice and for the conditional expression of a defined gene set[J]. Mol Microbiol, 2004, 52(1):25-38.
[7]ARES MA,RIOS-SARABIA N,DE LA CRUZ MA.TheσfactorσDof Mycobacteriumtuberculosis putatively enhances gene expression of the septum site determining proteinunder stressful environme nts[J].New Microbiol,2017,40(3):199-204.
[8]SCHNEIDER JS,SKLAR JG,GLICKMAN MS. The Rip1 protease of Mycobacterium tuberculosis controls theσDregulon[J].J Bacteriol,2014,196(14):38-45.
[9]SANYAL S,BANERJEE SK,BANERJEE R,et al. Polyphosphate kinase 1, a central node in the stress response network of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, connects the two-component systems MprAB and SenX3-RegX3 and the extracytoplasmic functionσfactor,σE[J].Microbiol,2013,159(10):2074-2086.
[10]BANSAL R,ANIL KUMAR V,SEVALKAR RR,et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence-regulator PhoP interacts with alternativeσfactorσEduring acid-stress response[J].Mol Microbiol,2017,104(3):400-411.
[11]CASONATO S,PROWEDI R,DAINESE E,et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires the ECFσfactorσEto arrest phagosome maturation[J].PLOS ONE,2014,9(9):1-7.
[12]CHEN P,RUIZ RE,LI Q,et al. Construction and Characterization of a mycobacterium tuberculosis mutant lacking the alternateσfactor gene,σF[J].Infect Immun,2000,68(10):5575-5580.
[13]吴寒宇,胡新玲,肖璟,等.选择性σ因子σF影响耻垢分枝杆菌的抗氧化能力[J].微生物学报,2012,52(11):52-59.
[14]LEE JH,GEIMAN DE,BISHAI WR. Role of Stress ResponseσFactorσGin Mycobacterium tuberculosis[J].J Bacteriol,2008,190(3):1128-1133.
[15]PARK ST,KANG CM,HUSSON RN. Regulation of theσHstress response regulon by an essential protein kinase in Mycobacterium tuberculosis[J].P Nat Acad Sci USA,2008,105(35):13105-13110.
[16]SHARP JD,SINGH AK,PARK ST,et al. Comprehensive definition of theσHregulon of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals transcriptional control of diverse stress responses[J]. PLOS ONE,2016,11(3):1-16.
[17] DUTTA NK,MEHRA S,MARTINEZ AN,et al.The stress-response factorσHmodulates the interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and host phagocytes[J]. PLOS ONE,2012,7(1):1-10.
[18]HU Y,COATES AR.Increased levels ofσJmRNA in late stationary phase cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis detected by DNA array hybridisation[J]. FEMS Microbiol Lett,2001, 202(1):59-65.
[19]HU Y,KENDALL S,STOKER NG,et al.The Mycobacterium tuberculosisσJgene controls sensitivity of the bacterium to hydrogen peroxide[J]. FEMS Microbiol Lett,2004,237(2):415-423.
[20]SAD-SALIM B,MOSTOWY S,KRISTOF AS,et al. Mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv0444c, the gene encoding anti-σK, explain high level expression of MPB70 and MPB83 in Mycobacterium bovis[J].Mol Microbiol,2006, 62(5):1251-1263.
[21]郝珂威.分枝杆菌RskA蛋白不同表达水平的生理效应分析[D].上海:复旦大学,2013:1-7.
[22]DAINESE E,RODRIGUE S,DELOGU G,et al. Posttranslational Regulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?Extracytoplasmic-FunctionΣFactorσLand Roles in Virulence and in Global Regulation of Gene Expression[J]. Infect Immun,2006,74(4):2457-2461.
[23]AGARWAL N,WOOLWINE SC,TYAGI S,et al. Characterization of the Mycobacterium tuberculosisσfactorσMby assessment of virulence and identif ication ofσM-dependent genes[J].Infect Immun,2007,75(1):452-461.
[24]RAMAN S,PUYANG X,CHENG T-Y,et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosisσMPositively Regulates Esx Secreted Protein and Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase Genes and Down Regulates Virulence-Associated Surface Lipid Synthesis[J].J Bacteriol,2006,188(24):8460-8468.
[25]SACHDEVA P,MISRA R,TYAQI AK,et al. The sigma faxtors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis:regulation of the regulators[J]. FEBS,2010,277(3):605-626.
[26]RINKI CHAUHAN,JANANI RAVI,PRATIK DATTA,et al. Reconstruction and topological characterization of theσfactor regulatory network of Mycabacterium tuberculosis[J]. Nat commun,2016,3(31):1-12.
[27] KARLS RK,GUARNER J,MCMURRAY DN,et al. Examination of Mycobacterium tuberculosisσfactor mutants using low dose aerosol infection of guinea pigs suggests a role forσCin pathogenesis[J].Microbiol,2006,152(6):1591-1600.
[28]SADAGOPAL S,BRAUNSTEIN M,HAGER CC,et al. Reducing the activity and secretion of microbial antioxidants enhances the immunogenicity of BCG[J]. PLOS ONE,2009,4(5):1-12.
[29]MEHRA S,GOLDEN NA,STUCKEY K,et al. The Mycoabcterium tuberculosis stress response factorσHis required for bacterial burden as well as immunopathology in primate lungs[J]. J Infections Dis,2012,205(8):3-13.
[30]TROUDT J,CREISSEN E,IZZO L. Mycobacterium tuberculosis sigE mutant ST28 used as a vaccine induces protective immunity in the guinea pig model[J].Tuberculosis,2017,106(9):99-105.
[2] KUDHAIR BK,HOUNSLOW AM,ROLFE MD,et al. Structure of a Wbl protein and implications for NO sensing by M. tuberculosis[J].Nat Commun,2017,8(1):2280-2291.
[3]HU Y,WANG Z,FENG L,et al.σ E-dependent activation of RbpA controls transcription of the furA-katG operon in response to oxidative stress in mycobacteria[J].Mol Microbiol,2016,102(1):107-120.
[4]LEE JH,KARAKOUSIS PC,BISHAI WR. Roles ofσBandσFin the Mycobacterium tuberculosis σ factor network[J]. J Bacteriol,2008,190(2):699-707.
[5]RODRIGUE S,BRODEUR J,JACQUES PE,et al. Identification of mycobacterial σ factor binding sites by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays[J].Bacteriol,2007,189(5):1505-1513.
[6]SUN R,CONVERSE PJ,KO C,et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis ECF σ factor σ~C is required for lethality in mice and for the conditional expression of a defined gene set[J]. Mol Microbiol, 2004, 52(1):25-38.
[7]ARES MA,RIOS-SARABIA N,DE LA CRUZ MA.TheσfactorσDof Mycobacteriumtuberculosis putatively enhances gene expression of the septum site determining proteinunder stressful environme nts[J].New Microbiol,2017,40(3):199-204.
[8]SCHNEIDER JS,SKLAR JG,GLICKMAN MS. The Rip1 protease of Mycobacterium tuberculosis controls theσDregulon[J].J Bacteriol,2014,196(14):38-45.
[9]SANYAL S,BANERJEE SK,BANERJEE R,et al. Polyphosphate kinase 1, a central node in the stress response network of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, connects the two-component systems MprAB and SenX3-RegX3 and the extracytoplasmic functionσfactor,σE[J].Microbiol,2013,159(10):2074-2086.
[10]BANSAL R,ANIL KUMAR V,SEVALKAR RR,et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence-regulator PhoP interacts with alternativeσfactorσEduring acid-stress response[J].Mol Microbiol,2017,104(3):400-411.
[11]CASONATO S,PROWEDI R,DAINESE E,et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires the ECFσfactorσEto arrest phagosome maturation[J].PLOS ONE,2014,9(9):1-7.
[12]CHEN P,RUIZ RE,LI Q,et al. Construction and Characterization of a mycobacterium tuberculosis mutant lacking the alternateσfactor gene,σF[J].Infect Immun,2000,68(10):5575-5580.
[13]吴寒宇,胡新玲,肖璟,等.选择性σ因子σF影响耻垢分枝杆菌的抗氧化能力[J].微生物学报,2012,52(11):52-59.
[14]LEE JH,GEIMAN DE,BISHAI WR. Role of Stress ResponseσFactorσGin Mycobacterium tuberculosis[J].J Bacteriol,2008,190(3):1128-1133.
[15]PARK ST,KANG CM,HUSSON RN. Regulation of theσHstress response regulon by an essential protein kinase in Mycobacterium tuberculosis[J].P Nat Acad Sci USA,2008,105(35):13105-13110.
[16]SHARP JD,SINGH AK,PARK ST,et al. Comprehensive definition of theσHregulon of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals transcriptional control of diverse stress responses[J]. PLOS ONE,2016,11(3):1-16.
[17] DUTTA NK,MEHRA S,MARTINEZ AN,et al.The stress-response factorσHmodulates the interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and host phagocytes[J]. PLOS ONE,2012,7(1):1-10.
[18]HU Y,COATES AR.Increased levels ofσJmRNA in late stationary phase cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis detected by DNA array hybridisation[J]. FEMS Microbiol Lett,2001, 202(1):59-65.
[19]HU Y,KENDALL S,STOKER NG,et al.The Mycobacterium tuberculosisσJgene controls sensitivity of the bacterium to hydrogen peroxide[J]. FEMS Microbiol Lett,2004,237(2):415-423.
[20]SAD-SALIM B,MOSTOWY S,KRISTOF AS,et al. Mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv0444c, the gene encoding anti-σK, explain high level expression of MPB70 and MPB83 in Mycobacterium bovis[J].Mol Microbiol,2006, 62(5):1251-1263.
[21]郝珂威.分枝杆菌RskA蛋白不同表达水平的生理效应分析[D].上海:复旦大学,2013:1-7.
[22]DAINESE E,RODRIGUE S,DELOGU G,et al. Posttranslational Regulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?Extracytoplasmic-FunctionΣFactorσLand Roles in Virulence and in Global Regulation of Gene Expression[J]. Infect Immun,2006,74(4):2457-2461.
[23]AGARWAL N,WOOLWINE SC,TYAGI S,et al. Characterization of the Mycobacterium tuberculosisσfactorσMby assessment of virulence and identif ication ofσM-dependent genes[J].Infect Immun,2007,75(1):452-461.
[24]RAMAN S,PUYANG X,CHENG T-Y,et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosisσMPositively Regulates Esx Secreted Protein and Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase Genes and Down Regulates Virulence-Associated Surface Lipid Synthesis[J].J Bacteriol,2006,188(24):8460-8468.
[25]SACHDEVA P,MISRA R,TYAQI AK,et al. The sigma faxtors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis:regulation of the regulators[J]. FEBS,2010,277(3):605-626.
[26]RINKI CHAUHAN,JANANI RAVI,PRATIK DATTA,et al. Reconstruction and topological characterization of theσfactor regulatory network of Mycabacterium tuberculosis[J]. Nat commun,2016,3(31):1-12.
[27] KARLS RK,GUARNER J,MCMURRAY DN,et al. Examination of Mycobacterium tuberculosisσfactor mutants using low dose aerosol infection of guinea pigs suggests a role forσCin pathogenesis[J].Microbiol,2006,152(6):1591-1600.
[28]SADAGOPAL S,BRAUNSTEIN M,HAGER CC,et al. Reducing the activity and secretion of microbial antioxidants enhances the immunogenicity of BCG[J]. PLOS ONE,2009,4(5):1-12.
[29]MEHRA S,GOLDEN NA,STUCKEY K,et al. The Mycoabcterium tuberculosis stress response factorσHis required for bacterial burden as well as immunopathology in primate lungs[J]. J Infections Dis,2012,205(8):3-13.
[30]TROUDT J,CREISSEN E,IZZO L. Mycobacterium tuberculosis sigE mutant ST28 used as a vaccine induces protective immunity in the guinea pig model[J].Tuberculosis,2017,106(9):99-105.