略论依附论的理论价值与局限——兼论“加快发展”与“保持自身独立性”的中国经验
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摘要
在探讨发展中国家"实现发展"与"保持自身独立性"关系问题上,依附论揭示了发展中国家对西方发达国家的依附问题,为发展中国家谋求发展提供了一种新思路。但依附论在发展中国家如何实现发展的途径上有其理论的局限性,陷入了循环论证的简单选择中,即要么继续依附,要么隔断与发达国家的联系。中国在实现现代化的过程中,"走自己的路",既保持自身独立性,又坚持改革开放政策,给发展中国家实现发展提供了可供学习的经验。具体来说,这些经验包括:有独立自主的阶级;坚持自力更生为主、争取外援为辅的方针,避免出现依赖外资造成的经济发展困境;坚持经济的独立自主,把其作为政治独立自主的有力保证;探索出一条适合中国国情的发展模式。
In exploring the relationship between developing countries' "achieving development" and "maintaining independence", dependence theory reveals the dependence of developing countries on developed countries, thereby offering a new thinking for the development of developing countries. However, this theory has its limitations when it comes to the ways of development-it only offers simple options: either to continue the dependence on or cut the connection with developed countries. Nevertheless, China keeps its path in its own process of modernization. It maintains its independence and meanwhile upholds the reform and opening-up policy. This experience gives developing countries some references. Specifically, the experience includes: independent classes, adhering to the policy of relying mainly on self-reliance and seeking foreign aid as a supplement so as to avoid the economic plight caused by the dependence on foreign investment; maintaining economic independence and regarding it as the strong guarantee for political independence, so as to seek for a development mode that suits the national reality.
In exploring the relationship between developing countries' "achieving development" and "maintaining independence", dependence theory reveals the dependence of developing countries on developed countries, thereby offering a new thinking for the development of developing countries. However, this theory has its limitations when it comes to the ways of development-it only offers simple options: either to continue the dependence on or cut the connection with developed countries. Nevertheless, China keeps its path in its own process of modernization. It maintains its independence and meanwhile upholds the reform and opening-up policy. This experience gives developing countries some references. Specifically, the experience includes: independent classes, adhering to the policy of relying mainly on self-reliance and seeking foreign aid as a supplement so as to avoid the economic plight caused by the dependence on foreign investment; maintaining economic independence and regarding it as the strong guarantee for political independence, so as to seek for a development mode that suits the national reality.
引文
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[4]共产党宣言[M].北京:人民出版社,1997:32.
[5]查尔斯·K·威尔伯.发达与不发达问题的政治经济学[M].高铦,等译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,1984:151.
[6]萨米尔·阿明.论脱钩[J].国外社会科学,1988(4).
[7]佚名.弗兰克不再坚持“脱钩”论[J].拉丁美洲研究,1994(2):62.
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[9]萨米尔·阿明.不平等的发展[M].高铦,译.北京:商务印书馆,1990:285.
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