黑鲷(♀)×真鲷(♂)杂交子二代仔鱼早期发育及饥饿不可逆点
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摘要
以黑鲷(Acanthopagrus schlegelii♀)×真鲷(Pagrus major♂)杂交子一代为亲鱼,于2017年4月在水温(21.8±0.4)℃条件下,对自然受精、人工孵化获得的杂交子二代(F_2)早期仔鱼进行发育观察,并就饥饿对仔鱼早期生长与存活的影响及不可逆点(point of no return,PNR)进行研究。结果表明,杂交F_2初孵仔鱼全长(2.40±0.15)mm,仔鱼3日龄开口摄食,混合营养期4~5 d,7日龄全长增长到(3.95±0.04)mm,生长态势正常;杂交F_2仔鱼开始摄食的初次摄食率及最高摄食率分别为45.8%及77.21%,6日龄时初次摄食率下降为29.83%,抵达PNR时间;饥饿仔鱼5日龄时负生长,全长与对照组有显著差异(P<0.05),6日龄时全长与对照组有极显著差异(P<0.01)。研究表明杂交F2早期仔鱼具有较好的生长态势;其开始投饵的最适时机应于仔鱼开口后的3 d内。
With the hybrid F_1 [Acanthopagrus schiegelii(♀) ×Pagrus major(♂)] as parents, we analyzed the early development and point of no return(PNR) of hybrid F_2 which were naturally fertilized and artificially incubated at the water temperature of(21.8±0.4) ℃in April, 2017. The results show that the total length of the newly hatched larva was(2.40±0.15) mm, and the larva started feeding at3 dah with the mixed feeding stage lasting 4-5 d. The yolk sac disappeared at 7 dah and the total length was(3.95±0.04) mm.The initial feeding rate and the highest feeding rate were 45.80% and 77.21%, respectively. The initial feeding rate dropped significantly to 29.83% at 6 dah and the PNR appeared. In the starvation group, the larvae experienced negative growth and had significant difference at 5 dah(P<0.05) and very significant difference at 5 dah(P<0.01) in the total length with the control group. It is indicated that the development of hybrid F_2 larvae was good, and the optimum initial feeding time for the larvae was within 3 d after their mouths opened.
With the hybrid F_1 [Acanthopagrus schiegelii(♀) ×Pagrus major(♂)] as parents, we analyzed the early development and point of no return(PNR) of hybrid F_2 which were naturally fertilized and artificially incubated at the water temperature of(21.8±0.4) ℃in April, 2017. The results show that the total length of the newly hatched larva was(2.40±0.15) mm, and the larva started feeding at3 dah with the mixed feeding stage lasting 4-5 d. The yolk sac disappeared at 7 dah and the total length was(3.95±0.04) mm.The initial feeding rate and the highest feeding rate were 45.80% and 77.21%, respectively. The initial feeding rate dropped significantly to 29.83% at 6 dah and the PNR appeared. In the starvation group, the larvae experienced negative growth and had significant difference at 5 dah(P<0.05) and very significant difference at 5 dah(P<0.01) in the total length with the control group. It is indicated that the development of hybrid F_2 larvae was good, and the optimum initial feeding time for the larvae was within 3 d after their mouths opened.
引文
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[7]林勉,苗亮,李明云,等.真鲷、黑鲷及其杂交子代的染色体构成与AFLP分析[J].海洋学报(中文版),2014,36(8):117-121.
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[15]贾瑞锦,陈超,孔祥迪,等.饥饿对条纹锯鮨仔鱼的存活、摄食及生长的影响[J].海洋科学,2014,38(4):44-49.
[16]李彩娟,许郑超,张振早,等.赤眼鳟仔鱼饥饿试验和不可逆点研究[J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2016,37(3):65-70.
[17]鲍宝龙,苏锦祥,殷名称.延迟投饵对真鲷、牙鲆仔鱼早期阶段摄食、存活及生长的影响[J].水产学报,1998,22(1):33-38.
[18]陈国柱,方展强.饥饿对唐鱼仔鱼摄食和生长的影响[J].动物学杂志,2007,42(5):49-61.
[19]许晓娟,区又君,李加儿.延迟投饵对卵形鲳鲹早期仔鱼阶段摄食、成活及生长的影响[J].南方水产,2010,6(1):37-41.
[20]夏连军,施兆鸿,陆建学.黄鲷仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定[J].海洋渔业,2004,26(4):286-290.
[21]彭志兰,柳敏海,罗海忠,等.条石鲷仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定[J].水产科学,2010,29(3):152-155.
[22]张海发,刘晓春,刘付永忠,等.饥饿对斜带石斑鱼卵黄囊期仔鱼摄食、存活及生长的影响[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2009,48(1):51-55.
[23]彭志兰,柳敏海,傅荣兵,等.早繁鮸鱼仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定[J].海洋渔业,2007,29(4):325-330.
[24]王茂元.斑鳜仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定[J].广东海洋大学学报,2015,35(4):99-103.
[25]黄良敏,谢仰杰,邓书品,等.延迟投饵对花尾胡椒鲷仔鱼摄食、生长和存活的影响[J].集美大学学报(自然科学版),2003,8(2):130-133.
[26]马建波,茅沈丽,梁桂洪,等.杂交鳢仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定[J].水生态学杂志,2012,33(3):90-95.
[27]鲍宝龙,苏锦祥,龚小玲.饥饿状态下真鲷仔鱼早期阶段的高温、低盐耐力和浮力[J].上海海洋大学学报,1997,6(2):90-95.
[28]高小强,洪磊,刘志峰,等.美洲西鲱仔鱼不可逆点及仔、稚鱼摄食特性研究[J].水产学报,2015,39(3):392-400.
[29]柳琪,区又君.鱼类早期发育阶段摄食行为研究现状[J].南方水产,2006,2(1):71-75.
[30]?IMKOVA A,VOJTEK L,HALACKA K,et al.The effect of hybridization on fish physiology,immunity and blood biochemistry:a case study in hybridizing Cyprinus carpio and Carassius gibelio(Cyprinidae)[J].Aquaculture,2015,435:381-389.
[31]FALK-PETERSEN I B.Comparative organ differentiation during early life stages of marine fish[J].Fish Shellfish Immunol,2005,19(5):397-412.
[32]MAZURAIS D,DARIAS M,ZAMBONINOINO-INFANTE J L,et al.Transcriptomics for understanding marine fish larval development[J].Can J Zool,2011,89(7):599-611.
[33]DOU S Z,MASUDA R,TANAKA M,et al.Effects of temperature and delayed initial feeding on the survival and growth of Japanese flounder larvae[J].J Fish Biol,2005,66(2):362-377.
[34]李艳秋,姜志强,孙阳,等.太平洋鳕仔鱼饥饿实验及不可逆生长点的确定[J].生态学报,2014,34(14):3873-3878.
[35]邹记兴,向文洲,胡超群,等.点带石斑鱼仔鱼营养转换期的摄食与生长[J].高技术通讯,2003,13(5):87-91,86.
[2]吴仁协,刘静,樊冀蓉,等.黑棘鲷的命名和分类地位探究[J].海洋科学,2011,35(5):117-119.
[3]YANG Y X,CAO X X,FENG R Y,et al.Isolation and characterization of thirteen polymorphic microsatellite loci from black porgy(Acanthopagrus schlegeli)[J].J Genet,2015,94(1):E97-E99.
[4]KINOSHITA I,TANAKA M.Differentiated spatial distribution of larvae and juveniles of the two sparids,red and black sea bream,in Shijiki Bay[J].日本水産学会誌,1990,56(11):1807-1813.
[5]JEAN C T,LEE S C,HUI C F,et al.Genetic variation of black porgy,Acanthopagrus schlegeli(Perciformes:Sparidae)in the coastal waters of Taiwan[J].Biochem Syst Ecol,1996,24(3):211-219.
[6]ZHU F,ZHANG Z,CHEN S,et al.The complete mitochondrial genome of the hybrid of Pagrus major(♀)×Acanthopagrus schlegelii(♂)[J].Mitochondrial DNA A,2016,27(4):2980-2981.
[7]林勉,苗亮,李明云,等.真鲷、黑鲷及其杂交子代的染色体构成与AFLP分析[J].海洋学报(中文版),2014,36(8):117-121.
[8]PARK I S,KIM B S,LEE S J.Comparative of morphometric traits of hybrids between Red Sea bream(Pagrus major)and the Black Sea bream(Acanthopagrus schlegelii)[J].J Fish Sci Techol,2006,9(1):44-47.
[9]王思婷,李鹏,陈淑吟,等.黑鲷与真鲷及其杂交子一代脂肪含量测定与脂肪酸成分分析[J].食品科学,2016,37(20):81-85.
[10]姜景腾.真鲷♀×黑鲷♂杂交子一代抗逆性初步研究[D].宁波:宁波大学,2011:21-43.
[11]殷名称.鱼类早期生活史研究与其进展[J].水产学报,1991,15(4):348-358.
[12]殷名称.鱼类仔鱼期的摄食和生长[J].水产学报,1995,19(4):335-342.
[13]SHAN X J,HUANG W,CAO L,et al.Advances in studies of the effects of starvation on growth and development of fish larvae[J].J Ocean Univ China,2008,7(3):319-326.
[14]菅玉霞,房慧,张少春,等.大泷六线鱼仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的研究[J].海洋科学,2014,38(3):111-115.
[15]贾瑞锦,陈超,孔祥迪,等.饥饿对条纹锯鮨仔鱼的存活、摄食及生长的影响[J].海洋科学,2014,38(4):44-49.
[16]李彩娟,许郑超,张振早,等.赤眼鳟仔鱼饥饿试验和不可逆点研究[J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2016,37(3):65-70.
[17]鲍宝龙,苏锦祥,殷名称.延迟投饵对真鲷、牙鲆仔鱼早期阶段摄食、存活及生长的影响[J].水产学报,1998,22(1):33-38.
[18]陈国柱,方展强.饥饿对唐鱼仔鱼摄食和生长的影响[J].动物学杂志,2007,42(5):49-61.
[19]许晓娟,区又君,李加儿.延迟投饵对卵形鲳鲹早期仔鱼阶段摄食、成活及生长的影响[J].南方水产,2010,6(1):37-41.
[20]夏连军,施兆鸿,陆建学.黄鲷仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定[J].海洋渔业,2004,26(4):286-290.
[21]彭志兰,柳敏海,罗海忠,等.条石鲷仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定[J].水产科学,2010,29(3):152-155.
[22]张海发,刘晓春,刘付永忠,等.饥饿对斜带石斑鱼卵黄囊期仔鱼摄食、存活及生长的影响[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2009,48(1):51-55.
[23]彭志兰,柳敏海,傅荣兵,等.早繁鮸鱼仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定[J].海洋渔业,2007,29(4):325-330.
[24]王茂元.斑鳜仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定[J].广东海洋大学学报,2015,35(4):99-103.
[25]黄良敏,谢仰杰,邓书品,等.延迟投饵对花尾胡椒鲷仔鱼摄食、生长和存活的影响[J].集美大学学报(自然科学版),2003,8(2):130-133.
[26]马建波,茅沈丽,梁桂洪,等.杂交鳢仔鱼饥饿试验及不可逆点的确定[J].水生态学杂志,2012,33(3):90-95.
[27]鲍宝龙,苏锦祥,龚小玲.饥饿状态下真鲷仔鱼早期阶段的高温、低盐耐力和浮力[J].上海海洋大学学报,1997,6(2):90-95.
[28]高小强,洪磊,刘志峰,等.美洲西鲱仔鱼不可逆点及仔、稚鱼摄食特性研究[J].水产学报,2015,39(3):392-400.
[29]柳琪,区又君.鱼类早期发育阶段摄食行为研究现状[J].南方水产,2006,2(1):71-75.
[30]?IMKOVA A,VOJTEK L,HALACKA K,et al.The effect of hybridization on fish physiology,immunity and blood biochemistry:a case study in hybridizing Cyprinus carpio and Carassius gibelio(Cyprinidae)[J].Aquaculture,2015,435:381-389.
[31]FALK-PETERSEN I B.Comparative organ differentiation during early life stages of marine fish[J].Fish Shellfish Immunol,2005,19(5):397-412.
[32]MAZURAIS D,DARIAS M,ZAMBONINOINO-INFANTE J L,et al.Transcriptomics for understanding marine fish larval development[J].Can J Zool,2011,89(7):599-611.
[33]DOU S Z,MASUDA R,TANAKA M,et al.Effects of temperature and delayed initial feeding on the survival and growth of Japanese flounder larvae[J].J Fish Biol,2005,66(2):362-377.
[34]李艳秋,姜志强,孙阳,等.太平洋鳕仔鱼饥饿实验及不可逆生长点的确定[J].生态学报,2014,34(14):3873-3878.
[35]邹记兴,向文洲,胡超群,等.点带石斑鱼仔鱼营养转换期的摄食与生长[J].高技术通讯,2003,13(5):87-91,86.