载体对周丛生物生物量和群落的影响研究
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摘要
周丛生物在环境领域有多种应用,载体作为其附着基质,有着重要作用。考察了5种载体上周丛生物的生物量、光合活性和基于16S rRNA和18S rRNA高通量测序分析的群落特征,结果显示不同载体的周丛生物各有优势。PP上周丛生物的生物量最高(P<0.05),初期蓝细菌相对丰度达59.62%,说明其有利于生物量积累和蓝细菌附着。接触角为22°的花岗岩上周丛生物初期原核与真核生物的丰富度和多样性均最高,且Fv/Fm高于其他载体7%～9%,说明其适合更多种类微生物定殖,特别是高光合活性的生物附着,反映亲水表面更有利于多种微生物定殖。樟子松的周丛生物氮含量仅次于PP,反硝化细菌相对丰度达29%,反映出氮转化潜力相对较高。
There are many applications of periphyton to environment.As the attachment of periphyton,the substrates play an important role.The biomass,photosynthetic activity and community characteristics based on high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA of periphyton on five substrates are examined,the results show there are different advantages of periphyton on these substrates.The biomass on PP were the highest(P<0.05),and the early relative abundance of cyanobacteria is 59.62%,indicating the PP is beneficial to the biomass accumulation and cyanobacteria attachment.The early richness and diversity of prokaryotes and eukaryotes are the highest on granite with a contact angle of 22°,and the initial Fv/Fm was higher by 7%～9%,indicating the granite is suitable for the microorganisms colonization,especially for species with high photosynthetic activity,and reflecting the hydrophilic surface is more conducive to the adhesion of various microorganisms.The nitrogen content on Pinus sylvestris was second only to that on PP,and the relative abundance of denitrobacteria reaches 29%,suggesting the ability of transforming nitrogen of periphyton on Pinus sylvestris is promising.
There are many applications of periphyton to environment.As the attachment of periphyton,the substrates play an important role.The biomass,photosynthetic activity and community characteristics based on high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA of periphyton on five substrates are examined,the results show there are different advantages of periphyton on these substrates.The biomass on PP were the highest(P<0.05),and the early relative abundance of cyanobacteria is 59.62%,indicating the PP is beneficial to the biomass accumulation and cyanobacteria attachment.The early richness and diversity of prokaryotes and eukaryotes are the highest on granite with a contact angle of 22°,and the initial Fv/Fm was higher by 7%～9%,indicating the granite is suitable for the microorganisms colonization,especially for species with high photosynthetic activity,and reflecting the hydrophilic surface is more conducive to the adhesion of various microorganisms.The nitrogen content on Pinus sylvestris was second only to that on PP,and the relative abundance of denitrobacteria reaches 29%,suggesting the ability of transforming nitrogen of periphyton on Pinus sylvestris is promising.
引文
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[2]Wu Y,Xia L,Yu Z,et al.In situ bioremediation of surface waters by periphytons[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,151:367-372.
[3]Wan J,Liu X,Philip G,et al.Comparison of the properties of periphyton attached to modified agro-waste carriers[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23(4):3718-26.
[4]Shangguan H,Liu T,Zhu Y,et al.Start-up of a spiral periphyton bioreactor(SPR)for removal of COD and the characteristics of the associated microbial community[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,193(10):456-462.
[5]Xu G,W Zhang,H Xu.Can dispersions be used for discriminating water quality status in coastal ecosystems-a case study on biofilm-dwelling microbial eukaryotes[J].Ecological Indicators,2015,57:208-214.
[6]Wingard GL,Lynn G,JJ Lorenz,et al.Integrated conceptual ecological model and habitat indices for the southwest Florida coastal wetlands[J].Ecological Indicators,2014,44(9):92-107.
[7]Arrhenius?,Backhaus T,Hilvarsson A,et al.A novel bioassay for evaluating the efficacy of biocides to inhibit settling and early establishment of marine biofilms[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2014,87(1/2):292-299.
[8]Song C,Lin J,Huang X,et al.Effect of butyl paraben on the development and microbial composition of periphyton[J].Ecotoxicology,2016,25(2):342-9.
[9]Prosser RS,Richard A,Malia J,et al.Assessing temporal and spatial variation in sensitivity of communities of periphyton sampled from agroecosystem to,and ability to recover from,atrazine exposure[J].Ecotoxicology&Environmental Safety,2015,118(5):204-216.
[10]Mercier A,Gravouil K,Aucher W,et al.Fate of eight different polymers under uncontrolled composting conditions:relationships between deterioration,biofilm formation,and the material surface properties[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2017,51(4):1988-1997.
[11]Wu Y,Li T,Yang L,et al.Mechanisms of removing pollutants from aqueous solutions by microorganisms and their aggregates:a review[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,1072:10-18.
[12]Moreno-Garrido I.Microalgae immobilization:current techniques and uses[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(10):3949-3964.
[13]Mhedbi Hajri N,Jacques MA,Koebnik R.Adhesion mechanisms of plant-pathogenic Xanthomonadaceae[J].Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology,2011,715:71-89.
[14]Khatoon H,Yusotf F,Shariff M,et al.Formation of periphyton biofilm and subsequent biofouling on different substrates in nutrient enriched brackishwater shrimp ponds[J].Aquaculture,2007,273(4):470-477.
[15]Richard M,Trottier C,Verdegen M,et al.Submersion time,depth,substrate type and sampling method as variation sources of marine periphyton[J].Aquaculture,2009,295(3/4):209-217.
[16]Akhtar N,Iqbal J,Iqbal M.Removal and recovery of nickel(Ⅱ)from aqueous solution by loofa sponge-immobilized biomass of Chlorella sorokiniana:characterization studies[J].Journal of Hazardous Material,2004,108(1/2):85-94.
[17]Shen Y,Huang C,Monroy,et al.Response of simulated drinking water biofilm mechanical and structural properties to long-term disinfectant exposure[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2016,50(4):1779-1787.
[18]J?bgen A,Palm A,Melkonian M.Phosphorus removal from eutrophic lakes using periphyton on submerged artificial substrata[J].Hydrobiologia,2004,528(1/2/3):123-142.
[19]Larson C,Passy SI.Spectral fingerprinting of algal communities:a novel approach to biofilm analysis and biomonitoring[J].Journal of Phycology,2005,41(2):439-446.
[20]Cattaneo A,Amireault MC.How artificial are artificial substrata for periphyton[J].Journal of the North American Benthological Society,1992,11(2):244-256.
[21]Voisin J,Cournoyer B,Mermillod-Blondin F.Assessment of artificial substrates for evaluating groundwater microbial quality[J].Ecological Indicators,2016,71:577-586.
[22]RomaníAM,Giorgi A,Acuna V,et al.The influence of substratum type and nutrient supply on biofilm organic matter utilization in streams[J].Limnology&Oceanography,2004,49(5):1713-1721.
[23]Xu H,Jiang Y,Zhu M,et al.Influence of sampling sufficiency on biodiversity analysis of microperiphyton communities for marine bioassessment[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2012,19(2):540-549.
[24]Wood SA,Kuhajek,Teannie M,et al.Species composition and cyanotoxin production in periphyton mats from three lakes of varying trophic status[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2012,79(2):312-326.
[25]熊富忠,赵小希,廖胤皓,等.材料表面特征对生物膜形成的影响及其应用[J].微生物学通报,2018,45(1):155-165.Xiong Fuzhong,Zhao Xiaoxi,Liao Yinhao,et al.Effect of the surface characteristics of materials on biofilm formation and its application[J].Microbiology Bulletin,2018,45(1):155-165.
[26]李红敬,付香斌,张娜,等.基质对周丛生物的影响研究进展[J].信阳师范学院学报:自然科学版,2013,3:382-385.Li Hongjing,Fu Xiangbin,Zhang Na,et al.Research progress on the effect of substrates on periphyton[J].Journal of Xinyang Normal University:Natural Science Edition,2013,3:382-385.
[27]Walter L,Smith MHC.Culture of Marine Invertebrate Animals[M].New York:Springer,1975:137-329.
[28]Chen Y,Zhao Z,Peng Y,et al.Performance of a full-scale modified anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process:high-throughput sequence analysis of its microbial structures and their community functions[J].Bioresource Technology,2016,220:225-32.
[29]Jiang XT,Peng X,Deng G H,et al.Illumina sequencing of16S r RNA tag revealed spatial variations of bacterial communities in a mangrove wetland[J].Microbial Ecology,2013,66(1):96-104.
[30]Hodoki Y,Ohbayashi K,Kobayashi Y,et al.Temporal variation in cyanobacteria species composition and photosynthetic activity in experimentally induced blooms[J].Journal of Plankton Research,2011,33(9):1410-1416.
[31]Lee JW,Nam T,Lee K H,et al.Bacterial communities in the initial stage of marine biofilm formation on artificial surfaces[J].Journal of Microbiology,2008,46(2):174-82.
[32]Head IM,Jones DM,Roling WF.Marine microorganisms make a meal of oil[J].Nature Reviews Microbiology,2006,4(3):173-82.
[33]蔺凌云,尹文林,潘晓艺,等.自然微生物挂膜处理水产养殖废水的效果及微生物群落分析[J].水生生物学报,2017,6:1327-1335.Lin Lingyun,Yin Wenlin,Pan Xiaoyi,et al.The study of natural biofilm formation for nitrogen removal from aquaculture wastewater and analysis on microbial community in biofilm[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2017,6:1327-1335.
[34]兰波.洱海周丛藻类生态学研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2011:28-34.Lan Bo.Ecological Study of the Periphyton of Lake Erhai[D].Wuhan:Central China Normal University,2011:28-34.