职业倦怠与行为转变:休·泰勒的档案职业思想研究
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摘要
信息技术的发展给档案工作带来了新的挑战,也对档案职业主体的信息素质提出了更高的要求。加拿大著名档案学者休·泰勒对于档案职业有着深刻的认识,他早在20世纪70年代就意识到信息时代档案职业主体发展面临的职业倦怠问题,并探讨了管理环境、专业教育与职业倦怠之间的关系。为解决这一问题他对档案职业主体的素质提出了更高的要求,包括"非专业化素质"、信息素质及新媒体的素养,还对信息时代档案工作未来的发展走向进行展望,以谋求档案共同体的发展。
The development of information technology has brought new challenges to the archival work,and has made a higher demand for the information qualities of the archivists.Hugh Taylor,a famous Canadian archivist,had a deep understanding of archival profession.He realized the problem of"job burnout"in the development of archival profession in the early 1970 s and discussed the relationship between management environment,professional education and job burnout.In order to solve this problem,he put forward higher requirements on the quality of archival professional subjects,including"non-professional quality",information quality and new media quality.He also tried to look forward to the future development trend of archival work in the information age to seek the development of archival community.
The development of information technology has brought new challenges to the archival work,and has made a higher demand for the information qualities of the archivists.Hugh Taylor,a famous Canadian archivist,had a deep understanding of archival profession.He realized the problem of"job burnout"in the development of archival profession in the early 1970 s and discussed the relationship between management environment,professional education and job burnout.In order to solve this problem,he put forward higher requirements on the quality of archival professional subjects,including"non-professional quality",information quality and new media quality.He also tried to look forward to the future development trend of archival work in the information age to seek the development of archival community.
引文
[1]休·亚历山大·泰勒(Hugh Alexander Taylor,1920-2005)是20世纪加拿大著名的档案学家,在档案学理论和实践领域都具有相当的影响力。
[2]特里·库克.1898年荷兰手册出版以来档案理论与实践的相互影响[C]/国家档案局,中央档案馆.第十三届国际档案大会报告集.北京:中国档案出版社,1997:156.
[3][6][7][11][12][13][26][40]Taylor H A.From dust to ashes burnout in the archives[J].The Midwestern Archivist,1987,12(2)73-82.
[4]薛蕾.谢伦伯格生平及贡献研究[J].南京大学,2016.
[5]Haack M,Others A.Occupational burnout among librarians[J].Drexel Library Quarterly,1984,20:46-72.
[8]Taylor H A.Transformation in the archives:technological adjustment or paradigm shift?[J].Archivaria,1987,12-28.
[12]Welch C E.Archival education[J].Archivaria,1977,449-59.
[13]Taylor H A.Professional archival training[J].The America Archivist,1977,40(3):315-320.
[14][16][18][19]Appendix 1:Taylor HA,Welch E.Association of Canadian archivists:Guidelines towards a curriculum for graduate archival training leading to a master’s degree in archival science,1976.//Eastwood T.The origins and aims of the master of archival studies programme at the university of British Columbia[J].Archivaria,1983(16):35-52.
[15]20世纪70年代中期,泰勒在加拿大历史协会档案部工作期间,极力主张建立一个独立的加拿大档案协会。在加拿大众多档案工作者的不懈努力下,1975年加拿大档案工作者协会(The Association of Canadian Archivists,简称ACA)才从加拿大历史协会档案部中脱离出来。
[17]Welch C E.Archival education[J].Archivaria,1977(4):49-59.
[20]Smith W I.Archival training in Canada[J].The Canadian Archivist,1969,1(7):39-44.
[21]Ridge A D.What training do archivists Need?[J].The Canadian Archivist,1965,1(3):3-12.
[22][23]Taylor H A.Professional archival training[J].The America Archivist,1977,40(3):315-320.
[25]Taylor H A.The Discipline of history and the education of the archivist[J].The American Archivist,1977,40(4):395-402
[26][27][31]Taylor H A.Information retrieval and the training of the archivist[J].The Canadian Archivist,1972,2(3):30-35.
[28]Zurkowski P G.The Information service environment relationships and priorities.Related Paper No.5[J].1974.
[29][43]Taylor H A.Information ecology and the archives of the1980s[J].Archivaria,1984:25-37.
[30]Warner R M.Archival training in the United States and Canada[J].The American Archivist,1972,35(3-4)347-358.
[32][33]Taylor H A.Towards the new archivist:the integrated professional[M]//Cook T,Dodds G.Imaging archives:Essays and reflections by Hugh A.Taylor.Lanham:Scarecrow Press,Inc.2003:149-161.
[34]曲春梅,郭旭.休·泰勒的档案思想:一个记忆的视角[J].档案学通讯,2018(3):43-47.
[35][37][52]Taylor H A.Some conclusion thoughts[J].America Archivist,1994,57:138-143.
[36]Taylor H A.The media of record:archives in the wake of Mc Luhan[J].Georgia Archive,1978,6(1):1-10.
[39]Peter Orlovich.Some basic assumptions underlying the education and training of archivists[J].Archives and Manuscripts,1976(6):204-225.
[40]黄霄羽.北美档案界对来源原则的“重新发现”[J].档案学通讯,2001(2):73-76.
[41]Jenkinson,Hilary.“British Archives and the War.”The American Archivist 7.1(1944):1-17.
[42]Taylor H A.Counterpoint:Through the Minefield[J].Archivaria,1985:180-185.
[44]Thornton M W.Norton on archives,USA:Southern Illinois University Press,1975:232.
[45]Peter Orlovich.Some basic assumptions underlying the education and training of archivists[J].Archives and Manuscripts,1976(6):204-225.
[46]Taylor H A.Archives in Britain and Canada:Impressions of an immigrant[J].The Canadian Archivist,1969,1(7):22-33.
[47]Dorothy McCulla,“Three professions,One task,”Library Associalion Record 78,1976(12):473.
[48][51]Taylor H.Clio in the raw:Archival materials and the teaching of history[J].The American Archivist,1972,35(3-4):317-330.
[49]Taylor H A.“Heritage”Revisited:Documents as Artifacts in the Context of Museums and Material Culture[J].Archivaria,1995,40:8-20.
[50]Taylor H A.Through the Minefield[J].Archivaria,1985:180-185.
[2]特里·库克.1898年荷兰手册出版以来档案理论与实践的相互影响[C]/国家档案局,中央档案馆.第十三届国际档案大会报告集.北京:中国档案出版社,1997:156.
[3][6][7][11][12][13][26][40]Taylor H A.From dust to ashes burnout in the archives[J].The Midwestern Archivist,1987,12(2)73-82.
[4]薛蕾.谢伦伯格生平及贡献研究[J].南京大学,2016.
[5]Haack M,Others A.Occupational burnout among librarians[J].Drexel Library Quarterly,1984,20:46-72.
[8]Taylor H A.Transformation in the archives:technological adjustment or paradigm shift?[J].Archivaria,1987,12-28.
[12]Welch C E.Archival education[J].Archivaria,1977,449-59.
[13]Taylor H A.Professional archival training[J].The America Archivist,1977,40(3):315-320.
[14][16][18][19]Appendix 1:Taylor HA,Welch E.Association of Canadian archivists:Guidelines towards a curriculum for graduate archival training leading to a master’s degree in archival science,1976.//Eastwood T.The origins and aims of the master of archival studies programme at the university of British Columbia[J].Archivaria,1983(16):35-52.
[15]20世纪70年代中期,泰勒在加拿大历史协会档案部工作期间,极力主张建立一个独立的加拿大档案协会。在加拿大众多档案工作者的不懈努力下,1975年加拿大档案工作者协会(The Association of Canadian Archivists,简称ACA)才从加拿大历史协会档案部中脱离出来。
[17]Welch C E.Archival education[J].Archivaria,1977(4):49-59.
[20]Smith W I.Archival training in Canada[J].The Canadian Archivist,1969,1(7):39-44.
[21]Ridge A D.What training do archivists Need?[J].The Canadian Archivist,1965,1(3):3-12.
[22][23]Taylor H A.Professional archival training[J].The America Archivist,1977,40(3):315-320.
[25]Taylor H A.The Discipline of history and the education of the archivist[J].The American Archivist,1977,40(4):395-402
[26][27][31]Taylor H A.Information retrieval and the training of the archivist[J].The Canadian Archivist,1972,2(3):30-35.
[28]Zurkowski P G.The Information service environment relationships and priorities.Related Paper No.5[J].1974.
[29][43]Taylor H A.Information ecology and the archives of the1980s[J].Archivaria,1984:25-37.
[30]Warner R M.Archival training in the United States and Canada[J].The American Archivist,1972,35(3-4)347-358.
[32][33]Taylor H A.Towards the new archivist:the integrated professional[M]//Cook T,Dodds G.Imaging archives:Essays and reflections by Hugh A.Taylor.Lanham:Scarecrow Press,Inc.2003:149-161.
[34]曲春梅,郭旭.休·泰勒的档案思想:一个记忆的视角[J].档案学通讯,2018(3):43-47.
[35][37][52]Taylor H A.Some conclusion thoughts[J].America Archivist,1994,57:138-143.
[36]Taylor H A.The media of record:archives in the wake of Mc Luhan[J].Georgia Archive,1978,6(1):1-10.
[39]Peter Orlovich.Some basic assumptions underlying the education and training of archivists[J].Archives and Manuscripts,1976(6):204-225.
[40]黄霄羽.北美档案界对来源原则的“重新发现”[J].档案学通讯,2001(2):73-76.
[41]Jenkinson,Hilary.“British Archives and the War.”The American Archivist 7.1(1944):1-17.
[42]Taylor H A.Counterpoint:Through the Minefield[J].Archivaria,1985:180-185.
[44]Thornton M W.Norton on archives,USA:Southern Illinois University Press,1975:232.
[45]Peter Orlovich.Some basic assumptions underlying the education and training of archivists[J].Archives and Manuscripts,1976(6):204-225.
[46]Taylor H A.Archives in Britain and Canada:Impressions of an immigrant[J].The Canadian Archivist,1969,1(7):22-33.
[47]Dorothy McCulla,“Three professions,One task,”Library Associalion Record 78,1976(12):473.
[48][51]Taylor H.Clio in the raw:Archival materials and the teaching of history[J].The American Archivist,1972,35(3-4):317-330.
[49]Taylor H A.“Heritage”Revisited:Documents as Artifacts in the Context of Museums and Material Culture[J].Archivaria,1995,40:8-20.
[50]Taylor H A.Through the Minefield[J].Archivaria,1985:180-185.