容重对红壤条件下涌泉根灌水分入渗能力影响
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摘要
为研究红壤地区土壤容重对涌泉根灌水分入渗能力的影响,以江西红壤为例,采用室内试验,研究了不同容重条件下红壤涌泉根灌水分运移及其分布特性。结果表明:容重对土壤入渗能力有显著影响。随着容重的减小,湿润锋、累积入渗量、入渗率均呈增大趋势,且容重越小,减小的幅度越大。湿润锋、累积入渗量以及稳渗率与土壤容重均呈幂函数负相关关系;对于同一深度土层,土壤容重越大,对应的土壤含水率越小,在水分再分布过程中容重对含水率分布的影响逐渐减弱。通过Kostiakov入渗模型表明,土壤初始入渗速率随容重增大而减小,且容重越大,入渗能力的衰减速度也越快。研究结果可为涌泉根灌技术在红壤地区的推广应用提供理论依据。
In order to explore the effect of soil bulk density on the water infiltration capacity under surge-root irrigation(SRI)in red soil regions,a experiment of water infiltration was carried out under different soil bulk density levels of red soil for SRI in soil bins.The results showed that the bulk density had a significant effect on soil infiltration capacity.With the decrease of soil bulk densities,wetting front migration,the cumulative infiltration and the infiltration rates showed increasing trends.The smaller the bulk density was,the greater decrease occurred.The wetting front migration,the cumulative infiltration and the steady infiltration rates and soil bulk densities were negatively correlated as power functions.For the same depth soil layer,the smaller the soil moisture content was observed in the larger the soil bulk density.The effect of bulk densities on the water content distribution was gradually weakened during the water redistribution process.The Kostiakov infiltration model showed that the initial infiltration rates of the soil decreased with the increase of bulk densities.Under the greater the bulk density,the infiltration capacity decreased more fastly.This research could lay the foundation for the popularization and application of SRI technology in red soil areas.
In order to explore the effect of soil bulk density on the water infiltration capacity under surge-root irrigation(SRI)in red soil regions,a experiment of water infiltration was carried out under different soil bulk density levels of red soil for SRI in soil bins.The results showed that the bulk density had a significant effect on soil infiltration capacity.With the decrease of soil bulk densities,wetting front migration,the cumulative infiltration and the infiltration rates showed increasing trends.The smaller the bulk density was,the greater decrease occurred.The wetting front migration,the cumulative infiltration and the steady infiltration rates and soil bulk densities were negatively correlated as power functions.For the same depth soil layer,the smaller the soil moisture content was observed in the larger the soil bulk density.The effect of bulk densities on the water content distribution was gradually weakened during the water redistribution process.The Kostiakov infiltration model showed that the initial infiltration rates of the soil decreased with the increase of bulk densities.Under the greater the bulk density,the infiltration capacity decreased more fastly.This research could lay the foundation for the popularization and application of SRI technology in red soil areas.
引文
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[11]脱云飞,费良军,董艳慧,等.土壤容重对膜孔灌水氮分布和运移转化的影响[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(2):6-11.
[12]刘小刚,朱益飞,余小弟,等.不同水头和土壤容重下微润灌湿润体内水盐分布特性[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(7):189-197.
[13]曾健,费良军,裴青宝.土壤容重对红壤水分垂直入渗特性的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2017,35(12):1081-1087.
[14]康金林,杨洁,刘窑军,等.初始含水率及容重影响下红壤水分入渗规律[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(1):122-126.
[15] Liang W L,Kosugi K,Mizuyama T.Soil water redistribution processes around a tree on a hillslope:The effect of stemflow on the dry in process[J].Ecohydrology,2016,8(8):1381-1395.
[16] Guhr A,Borken W,Spohn M,et al.Redistribution of soil water by a saprotrophic fungus enhances carbon mineralization[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2015,112(47):47-51.
[17]刘乐,费良军,曾健,等.土壤容重对土壤水氮垂直运移影响特征研究[J].排灌机械工程学报,2018,网络优先出版.
[18]郭华,樊贵盛.考虑土壤结构变形的Kostiakov入渗模型参数非线性预报模型[J].节水灌溉,2015(12):11-15.
[19] S A泰勒.物理的土壤学[M].华孟,陈志雄,杨苑璋,等译.北京:农业出版社,1983:27-86.
[2]费良军,傅渝亮,何振嘉,等.涌泉根灌肥液入渗水氮运移特性研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(6):121-129.
[3] Dai Z G,Fei L J,Li P,et al.Suitable strategy of water-nitrogen management for surge-root irrigation of jujube in China[J].Agronomy Journal,2018,110(4):1390-1401.
[4]刘显,费良军,刘扬,等.肥液浓度对涌泉根灌土壤水氮运移特性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(5):166-170.
[5]樊晓康.涌泉根灌土壤湿润体影响因素的试验研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2012.
[6]李耀刚,王文娥,胡笑涛.基于HYDRUS-3D的涌泉根灌土壤入渗数值模拟[J].排灌机械工程学报,2013,31(6):546-552.
[7]汪有科,黎朋红,马理辉,等.涌泉根灌在黄土坡地的水分运移规律试验[J].排灌机械工程学报,2010,28(5):449-454.
[8]费良军,刘显,王佳,等.土壤容重对涌泉根灌土壤水氮运移特性的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(8):219-228.
[9]李卓,吴普特,冯浩,等.容重对土壤水分入渗能力影响模拟试验[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(6):40-45.
[10]裴青宝,赵新宇,张建丰,等.容重对红壤水平入渗特性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(6):111-114.
[11]脱云飞,费良军,董艳慧,等.土壤容重对膜孔灌水氮分布和运移转化的影响[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(2):6-11.
[12]刘小刚,朱益飞,余小弟,等.不同水头和土壤容重下微润灌湿润体内水盐分布特性[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(7):189-197.
[13]曾健,费良军,裴青宝.土壤容重对红壤水分垂直入渗特性的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2017,35(12):1081-1087.
[14]康金林,杨洁,刘窑军,等.初始含水率及容重影响下红壤水分入渗规律[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(1):122-126.
[15] Liang W L,Kosugi K,Mizuyama T.Soil water redistribution processes around a tree on a hillslope:The effect of stemflow on the dry in process[J].Ecohydrology,2016,8(8):1381-1395.
[16] Guhr A,Borken W,Spohn M,et al.Redistribution of soil water by a saprotrophic fungus enhances carbon mineralization[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2015,112(47):47-51.
[17]刘乐,费良军,曾健,等.土壤容重对土壤水氮垂直运移影响特征研究[J].排灌机械工程学报,2018,网络优先出版.
[18]郭华,樊贵盛.考虑土壤结构变形的Kostiakov入渗模型参数非线性预报模型[J].节水灌溉,2015(12):11-15.
[19] S A泰勒.物理的土壤学[M].华孟,陈志雄,杨苑璋,等译.北京:农业出版社,1983:27-86.