公路建设中不同因素变化对湿地水系连通性的影响
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摘要
水系连通性对于湿地生态系统的重要性主要表现在生态系统完整性、水流状况、水质及生物多样性等方面,湿地水系连通性状况越好,湿地的自净能力和纳污能力就越强.本研究以吉林省延边地区珲乌高速公路八家子路段作为研究区,结合影响湿地水系连通性的因素,利用Visual Modflow建立了基于数值模拟的地下水水流模型和地下水溶质迁移模型,模拟并预测不同因素的变化对湿地水系连通性产生的影响.依据模拟结果,对比分析公路与水流方向的夹角变化、路基填筑方式的不同、区域地层分布特征的不同对湿地水系连通性的影响大小,以识别公路建设中影响湿地水系连通性的关键因素;并从保障水系连通性和路基稳定性的双重目的出发,针对不同要素,提出公路建设中湿地水系连通性的保护技术.
The importance of hydrologic connectivity on wetland ecosystems manifests mainly on ecosystem integrity,flow conditions,water quality and biodiversity.Better wetland hydrologic connectivity means stronger self-purification and pollution receiving capacity.Bajiazi road section of Huiwu highway in Yanbian area was studied.Groundwater flow and solute transport mathematical models based on numerical simulation were developed with Visual Modflow.Separation effect of highway construction on wetland hydrologic connectivity was analyzed.In order to identify the influence degree of different factors in highway construction on wetland hydrological connectivity,comparative analysis of different factors in highway construction on hydrological connectivity such as change of the angle between highway route,direction of flow,roadbed embankment material and formation distribution were measured.Different factors were considered for the dual purposes to guarantee wetland hydrological connectivity and stability of roadbed,and to finally confirm the optimum and protective techniques of hydrologic connectivity of wetland.
The importance of hydrologic connectivity on wetland ecosystems manifests mainly on ecosystem integrity,flow conditions,water quality and biodiversity.Better wetland hydrologic connectivity means stronger self-purification and pollution receiving capacity.Bajiazi road section of Huiwu highway in Yanbian area was studied.Groundwater flow and solute transport mathematical models based on numerical simulation were developed with Visual Modflow.Separation effect of highway construction on wetland hydrologic connectivity was analyzed.In order to identify the influence degree of different factors in highway construction on wetland hydrological connectivity,comparative analysis of different factors in highway construction on hydrological connectivity such as change of the angle between highway route,direction of flow,roadbed embankment material and formation distribution were measured.Different factors were considered for the dual purposes to guarantee wetland hydrological connectivity and stability of roadbed,and to finally confirm the optimum and protective techniques of hydrologic connectivity of wetland.
引文
[1]李玉凤,刘红玉.湿地分类和湿地景观分类研究进展[J].湿地科学,2014,12(1):102
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[10]朱卫红,苗承玉,郑小军,等.基于3S技术的图们江流域湿地生态安全评价与预警研究[J].生态学报,2014,34(6):1381
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[13]向雪梅.若尔盖湿地保护区地下水运动特征[D].成都:四川大学,2006
[14]陈均烽,陈其兵,宋国平.郎川公路沿线湿地植被类型及水文变化初探[J].四川林业科技,2006,27(3):49
[15]Findlay T,Scot C,Bourdages J.Response time of wetland biodiversity to road construction on adjacent lands[J].Conservation Biology,2000,14(1):86
[2]张欣,王红旗,李华.公路建设对生态环境水系连通性的影响[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(12):406
[3]Merriam G.Connectivity:a fundamental ecological characteristic of landscape pattern[C]∥Methodology in Landscape Ecological Research and Planning:Proceedings,1st Seminar.Roskilde:International Association of Landscape Ecology,1984
[4]Ward J V.An expansive perspective of riverine landscapes:pattern and process across scales[J].GAIAEcological Perspectives for Science and Society,1997,6(1):52
[5]Amoros C,Bornette G.Antagonistic and cumulative effects of connectivity:a predictive model based on aquatic vegetation in riverine wetlands[J].Archiv für Hydrobiologie Supplementband Large Rivers,1999,11(3):311
[6]Vannote R L,Minshall G W,Cummins K W,et al.The river continuum concept[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,1980,37(1):130
[7]Junk W J.The flood pulse concept in river-floodplain systems[J].Canadian Journal Special Publication of Fishery and Aquatic Science,1989,106:110
[8]Pringle C M.Riverine connectivity:conservation and management implications for remnant natural areas in complex landscapes[J].Verhandlungen der Internationalen Vereinigung fur Theorestische und Angewandte Limnologic,2000,27:1
[9]Pringle C M.Threats to US public lands from cumulative hydrologic alterations outside of their boundaries[J].Ecological Applications,2000,10(4):971
[10]朱卫红,苗承玉,郑小军,等.基于3S技术的图们江流域湿地生态安全评价与预警研究[J].生态学报,2014,34(6):1381
[11]马茂军.地下水位变化区下穿铁路公路路基排水综合设计[J].公路交通技术,2009(5):1
[12]Mcleese R L,Whiteside E P.Ecological effects of highway construction upon Michigan woodlots and wetlands:soil relationships[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,1977,6(4):467
[13]向雪梅.若尔盖湿地保护区地下水运动特征[D].成都:四川大学,2006
[14]陈均烽,陈其兵,宋国平.郎川公路沿线湿地植被类型及水文变化初探[J].四川林业科技,2006,27(3):49
[15]Findlay T,Scot C,Bourdages J.Response time of wetland biodiversity to road construction on adjacent lands[J].Conservation Biology,2000,14(1):86