地球自转非潮汐变化研究进展
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摘要
随着地球自转理论的进一步完善和空间测量技术的发展,对地球自转变化的研究越来越精确.地球自转变化除了潮汐因素影响之外,还存在非潮汐因素的影响.本文综述了地球自转非潮汐变化的研究进展.首先介绍了地球自转非潮汐变化的检测和研究历史,然后结合国内外研究现状,对地球自转非潮汐变化的影响因素进行了较为全面的叙述.目前研究表明陆地水储量、积雪、冰期后地壳回弹以及太阳活动等是影响地球自转的主要非潮汐因素,它们的影响机制和量级有所不同.陆地水储量对日长的季节性变化和周年极移有激发作用;冰期后地壳回弹引起日长的长期变化和地极的长期漂移;日长变化从短周期振荡到十年以上周期变化均与太阳活动有关.最后简要总结了开展地球自转非潮汐变化研究的方法和手段,并对今后的研究工作进行了展望.
With the further improvement of the Earth rotation theory and the rapid development of space geodetic technology, the researches on Earth rotation variations become more and more accurate. Besides the influence of tidal factors, there are also non-tidal factors affecting the rotation of the Earth, although their magnitude is relatively small, but the impact can not be ignored. This paper reviews the progress of research on the non-tidal changes in the Earth rotation. Firstly, we introduce the detection and research history of the non-tidal Earth rotation variation, then, combined with the current researches all over the world, we comprehensively review the research progress of the non-tidal Earth rotation variations. The present studies show that the global continental water storage, snow and ice, the post-glacial rebound of the solid Earth, and the Solar activities are the mainly non-tidal factors that influence the Earth rotation variations, but the mechanisms and magnitudes of their effects are different. The continental water storage, snow and ice have contribution to the seasonal variation of the length of day and the annual variation of the polar motion. The post-glacial rebound mainly causes long-term variation of the length of day and the long-term drift of the pole. The variation of length of day from short period to more than ten years is related to the Solar activities. Finally, the methods and means to study the non-tidal variations of the Earth rotation are summarized, and the future works are briefly discussed.
With the further improvement of the Earth rotation theory and the rapid development of space geodetic technology, the researches on Earth rotation variations become more and more accurate. Besides the influence of tidal factors, there are also non-tidal factors affecting the rotation of the Earth, although their magnitude is relatively small, but the impact can not be ignored. This paper reviews the progress of research on the non-tidal changes in the Earth rotation. Firstly, we introduce the detection and research history of the non-tidal Earth rotation variation, then, combined with the current researches all over the world, we comprehensively review the research progress of the non-tidal Earth rotation variations. The present studies show that the global continental water storage, snow and ice, the post-glacial rebound of the solid Earth, and the Solar activities are the mainly non-tidal factors that influence the Earth rotation variations, but the mechanisms and magnitudes of their effects are different. The continental water storage, snow and ice have contribution to the seasonal variation of the length of day and the annual variation of the polar motion. The post-glacial rebound mainly causes long-term variation of the length of day and the long-term drift of the pole. The variation of length of day from short period to more than ten years is related to the Solar activities. Finally, the methods and means to study the non-tidal variations of the Earth rotation are summarized, and the future works are briefly discussed.
引文
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