三疣梭子蟹生长特性的初步分析
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摘要
根据2015年5月至2016年5月在浙江乐清海域、舟山渔场和舟外渔场渔业资源调查中采集的三疣梭子蟹样品,研究了此海域三疣梭子蟹的生物学特性及其季节变化规律,并与以往研究结果进行了比较。结果表明:所采集的769尾三疣梭子蟹样品的甲宽分布范围为4~20.2cm,平均值12.5cm;体重范围为4.04~357.96g,平均值116g;雌雄比为1:0.77,雌性个体占优。三疣梭子蟹体重(W)-甲宽(L)关系分别为:W=0.06438L2.9111。运用FISATⅡ和LFDA5软件进行数据分析和处理,得出生长参数,建立von-Bertalanffy生长方程和季节性生长方程分别为:L_t=21(1-e~(-0.83(t+0.373))),L_t=18.68[1-e~([-1.55(t+0.07)-(1.0232)/πsin(2π(t+0.38))+(1.0232)/πsin(0.62π)])]。与以往的研究结果相比,三疣梭子蟹的参数a、b值偏大,b值更接近于3。季节性生长方程中参数K>1,表明三疣梭子蟹的生长速度加快。同时,三疣梭子蟹的生长季节差异和雌雄生长差异明显,这可能受海域环境的变化、增殖放流、休渔制度以及雌雄性成熟早晚差异等多方面因素影响。今后需进一步开展三疣梭子蟹资源评估的工作,为其资源的有效管理提供科学建议。
According to the samples of Portunus trituberculatus collected from a fisheries resource survey in YueqingseaArea,Zhoushan and ZhouwaiFishing Grounds from May 2015 to May 2016,we studied the biological characteristics of Portunus trituberculatus and its seasonal change in these sea areas,and compared the results with those of previous researches.Totally 769 P.trituberculatus individuals were collected.The distribution of the body width ranged from 4 cm to 20.2 cm with an average of 12.5 cm.The weight rangedfrom 4.04 g to 357.96 g with an average of 116 g.The ratioofmale to female was1:0.77,thus female was dominant.The relationship between P.trituberculatus body weight(W)and bodywidth(L)can be described with W =0.06438 L-2.9111.FISATⅡand LFDA5 were used to estimate the growth parameters,and thenthe von-Bertalanffy growth equation and seasonal growth equation were established,which were L_t=21(1-e~(-0.83(t+0.373)))and L_t=18.68[1-e~([-1.55(t+0.07)-(1.0232)/πsin(2π(t+0.38))+(1.0232)/πsin(0.62π)])].Compared with the previous research results,the parameters of a andbestimated in this research were larger,and b was close to 3.Parameter K>1 inthe seasonal growth equation,and the results showed that the P.trituberculatus grewfaster,which conformed to its biological characteristics.Meanwhile,both the seasonal growth and the growth differences betweenmale and femalewere significant.This may be related to the change of the marine environment,stock enhancement and releasing,as well as the difference of sexual maturitybetween male and female.Therefore,on the basis of biology,scientific stock assessment of P.trituberculatus should be carried out in the future in order to provide scientific suggestions to the effective management of this resource.
According to the samples of Portunus trituberculatus collected from a fisheries resource survey in YueqingseaArea,Zhoushan and ZhouwaiFishing Grounds from May 2015 to May 2016,we studied the biological characteristics of Portunus trituberculatus and its seasonal change in these sea areas,and compared the results with those of previous researches.Totally 769 P.trituberculatus individuals were collected.The distribution of the body width ranged from 4 cm to 20.2 cm with an average of 12.5 cm.The weight rangedfrom 4.04 g to 357.96 g with an average of 116 g.The ratioofmale to female was1:0.77,thus female was dominant.The relationship between P.trituberculatus body weight(W)and bodywidth(L)can be described with W =0.06438 L-2.9111.FISATⅡand LFDA5 were used to estimate the growth parameters,and thenthe von-Bertalanffy growth equation and seasonal growth equation were established,which were L_t=21(1-e~(-0.83(t+0.373)))and L_t=18.68[1-e~([-1.55(t+0.07)-(1.0232)/πsin(2π(t+0.38))+(1.0232)/πsin(0.62π)])].Compared with the previous research results,the parameters of a andbestimated in this research were larger,and b was close to 3.Parameter K>1 inthe seasonal growth equation,and the results showed that the P.trituberculatus grewfaster,which conformed to its biological characteristics.Meanwhile,both the seasonal growth and the growth differences betweenmale and femalewere significant.This may be related to the change of the marine environment,stock enhancement and releasing,as well as the difference of sexual maturitybetween male and female.Therefore,on the basis of biology,scientific stock assessment of P.trituberculatus should be carried out in the future in order to provide scientific suggestions to the effective management of this resource.
引文
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[8]袁伟,金显仕,等.长江口及毗邻海域三疣梭子蟹种群生物学特征及与环境的关系[J].辽宁:水产科学,2016,35(2):105-110.
[9]费鸿年,张诗全.水产资源学.北京:中国科学技术出版社[M],1990:244-285.
[10]詹秉义.渔业资源评估.北京:中国农业出版社[M],1995:18-52.
[11]王迎宾,俞存根,等.舟山渔场细点圆趾蟹(Ovalipes punctatus)生物学特性及其季节变化[J].山东:海洋与湖沼,2011,42(2):274-278.
[2]黄瑞,张欣.虾蟹增养殖技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2009:148-149.
[3]张杰,晁凤娟.三疣梭子蟹高效繁育研究进展[J].河北:河北渔业,2013(4):48-67.
[4]王建平,余晓巍,等.宁波市三疣梭子蟹主要病害流行特征及应对措施[J].河北:河北渔业,2008(9):49-53.
[5]胡则辉,徐君卓,等.浙江沿海三疣梭子蟹的养殖模式[J].上海:现代渔业信息,2011,26(3):3-5.
[6]董志国.[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2012:1-137.
[7]张健,王忠秋,等.近海蟹笼两种主要渔获蟹类的渔业生物学特性[J].大连:大连海洋大学学报,2015,30(4):540-545.
[8]袁伟,金显仕,等.长江口及毗邻海域三疣梭子蟹种群生物学特征及与环境的关系[J].辽宁:水产科学,2016,35(2):105-110.
[9]费鸿年,张诗全.水产资源学.北京:中国科学技术出版社[M],1990:244-285.
[10]詹秉义.渔业资源评估.北京:中国农业出版社[M],1995:18-52.
[11]王迎宾,俞存根,等.舟山渔场细点圆趾蟹(Ovalipes punctatus)生物学特性及其季节变化[J].山东:海洋与湖沼,2011,42(2):274-278.