环境因素对丰年虾孵化的影响及孵化条件优化
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摘要
文章采用单因素和正交试验探究各种环境因素对丰年虾孵化率影响,对丰年虾孵化条件进行优化。试验设定了5个温度梯度(24、26、28、30、32℃)、7个pH梯度(7.0、7.5、8.0、8.5、9.0、9.5、10)、7个盐度梯度(5‰、10‰、15‰、20‰、25‰、30‰、35‰)、5个时间梯度(20、22、24、26、28 h)。试验结果表明:在一定范围内,单独的温度、pH、盐度及孵化时间对丰年虾的孵化率影响显著,并且协同因素对丰年虾孵化的影响程度存在显著差异。最佳孵化率分别出现在:温度为28℃、pH为9.5、盐度为10‰、孵化时间为22 h。在同一环境下,影响孵化率的主次顺序依次为温度和盐度、孵化时间、pH。通过正交试验得出优化孵化方案,温度为30℃、pH为9.5、盐度为10‰、孵化时间为22 h,该条件下孵化率达89%。
The effect of various environmental factors on the hatching rate of Artemia salina(brine shrimp)were investigated by single factor and orthogonal experiments,and the incubation conditions of brine shrimp were optimized. The single factor experiments set 5 temperature levels(24,26,28,30,32℃),7 pH value levels(7.0,7.5,8.0,8.5,9.0,9.5,10),7 salinity levels(5‰,10‰,15‰,20‰,25‰,30‰,35‰),and 5 time levels(20,22,24,26,28 h). The experimental results show that within a certain range,the temperature,pH value,salinity and hatching time have significant effects on the hatching rate of brine shrimp,and the synergistic factors have different effects on the hatching of brine shrimp. The maximum hatching rate occurred at the temperature,pH value,the salinity and the hatching time were 30 ℃,9.5,5 ‰,24 h,respectively. In the same environment,the order of affecting factors the hatching are temperature and salinity,and incubation time,pH value. The optimized incubation protocol was obtained by orthogonal experiments,the temperature,pH value,the salinity and the incubation time were 30℃,9.5,10‰ and 22 h,respectively. Under this conditions,the hatching rate was 89%.
The effect of various environmental factors on the hatching rate of Artemia salina(brine shrimp)were investigated by single factor and orthogonal experiments,and the incubation conditions of brine shrimp were optimized. The single factor experiments set 5 temperature levels(24,26,28,30,32℃),7 pH value levels(7.0,7.5,8.0,8.5,9.0,9.5,10),7 salinity levels(5‰,10‰,15‰,20‰,25‰,30‰,35‰),and 5 time levels(20,22,24,26,28 h). The experimental results show that within a certain range,the temperature,pH value,salinity and hatching time have significant effects on the hatching rate of brine shrimp,and the synergistic factors have different effects on the hatching of brine shrimp. The maximum hatching rate occurred at the temperature,pH value,the salinity and the hatching time were 30 ℃,9.5,5 ‰,24 h,respectively. In the same environment,the order of affecting factors the hatching are temperature and salinity,and incubation time,pH value. The optimized incubation protocol was obtained by orthogonal experiments,the temperature,pH value,the salinity and the incubation time were 30℃,9.5,10‰ and 22 h,respectively. Under this conditions,the hatching rate was 89%.
引文
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[14]Gajardo G M,Beardmore J A.The brine shrimp artemia:adapted to critical life conditions.[J].Frontiers in Physiology,2012,3:185.
[15]Torres M,Reina J C,Fuentes-Monteverde J C,et al.AHLlactonase expression in three marine emerging pathogenic Vibriospp.reduces virulence and mortality in brine shrimp(Artemia salina)and Manila clam(Venerupis philippinarum)[J].Plos One,2018,13(4):e0195176.
[16]Trotman C N A,Wodak S,Van Beeumen J,et al.Artemia Biology[M].Boca Raton:CRC.,2018.
[17]Velasco S J,Retana O D,Castro M J,et al.Effect of different salinities on the survival and reproductive characteristics of populations of Artemia franciscana Kellogg,1906 from coastal and Inland waters of Mexico[J].Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2018,6(2):1090~1096.
[2]黄旭雄.卤虫的营养[J].水产科学,2007,26(11):628~631.
[3]景素琴,丁红霞,范佩丽.运城盐湖卤虫卵孵化率的研究[J].盐业与化工,2016,45(3):18~20.
[4]李景,徐永健.光强、温度和盐度对卤虫幼体生长的影响[J].水产养殖,2013,34(10):13~17.
[5]刘爱英,马建新.盐度、p H值及孵化时间对卤虫孵化率的影响[J].海洋渔业,2000,22(1):37~37.
[6]刘凤岐,纪炳纯,李晖,等.西藏卤虫卵最适孵化温度的研究[J].动物科学与动物医学,2001,5:26~28.
[7]潘正军,朱传坤,许虹,等.温度、盐度对西藏卤虫卵孵化率的影响[J].水产养殖,2017,10:24~27.
[8]王卫军,董根,李焕军,等.短蛸(Amphioctopus fangsiao)幼体摄食行为和不同饵料对其生长、存活的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2017,38(6):100~106.
[9]曾宪英,徐高峰,张新峰,等.影响卤虫卵孵化率的三个因素[J].渔业致富指南,2004,16:55~56.
[10]Browme R A,Lenz P H.Artemia Biology[M].Boca Raton:CRC.2018:18.
[11]Castro B T,Malpica S A,Castro J,et al.Environmental and biological characteristics of Artemia ecosystems in México:Anupdated Review[J].Aquaticecosystemsof Mexico Statusand Scope,2000,121~21.
[12]Clegg J S,Trotwan C N A.Artemia:Basic and applied biology[M].The Netherlands:Kluwer Academic,2002:129~170.
[13]Dana G L,Lenz P H.Effects of Increasing Salinity on an Artemia Population from Mono Lake,California[J].Oecologia,1986,68(3):428~436.
[14]Gajardo G M,Beardmore J A.The brine shrimp artemia:adapted to critical life conditions.[J].Frontiers in Physiology,2012,3:185.
[15]Torres M,Reina J C,Fuentes-Monteverde J C,et al.AHLlactonase expression in three marine emerging pathogenic Vibriospp.reduces virulence and mortality in brine shrimp(Artemia salina)and Manila clam(Venerupis philippinarum)[J].Plos One,2018,13(4):e0195176.
[16]Trotman C N A,Wodak S,Van Beeumen J,et al.Artemia Biology[M].Boca Raton:CRC.,2018.
[17]Velasco S J,Retana O D,Castro M J,et al.Effect of different salinities on the survival and reproductive characteristics of populations of Artemia franciscana Kellogg,1906 from coastal and Inland waters of Mexico[J].Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2018,6(2):1090~1096.