大型同步发电机调速控制的场-路-网耦合法非全相工况下定子电流特性研究
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摘要
为了更准确分析发电机非全相定子电流特性,建立了适用于发电机并网运行的基于调速控制的场-路-网耦合时步有限元模型,仿真计算了发电机并网额定运行时,接线方式为YNd11变压器高压侧断路器一相或两相断开2种非全相工况下的定子电流,揭示了不同非全相情况下定子各相电流之间关系,分析了转速控制对故障电流动态影响,并计算2种故障后定子稳态负序电流,整个仿真计算结果考虑了发电机故障运行时,发电机磁场饱和、畸变等非线性因素的影响,同时为了模拟真实的发电机的并网运行情况,整个场路耦合模型中包含了转速控制系统,并且通过变压器、双回架空输电线路将发电机与无穷大电网连接起来,这样更能贴近工程实际,最后,将结果与解析法得到的结果进行对比,验证了方法的正确性。
In order to accurately analyze the stator current of the generator under open-phase condition,the field-circuit-network model with the speed control suitable for the generator running under grid connected condition is established. The stator current was calculated under two kinds of open-phase conditions. The one phase or two phases of the YNd11 transformations high voltage( HV) side were off,when the generator was running at rated grid connection connected condition. The relationship between the stator currents was revealed under different phase-open conditions. Also the dynamic influence of the speed control on the fault current was presented. The steady negative-sequence current was calculated under two kinds of fault conditions. The influence of nonlinear factors on the simulation results was considered under open-phase condition. In order to simulate the generator running at grid-connected condition,the fieldcircuit-network model contained the speed control system,and the generator and the infinite system were connected by the transformer and parallel two-way overhead power transmission lines,which was closer to the engineering practice. Compared with the result of analytical method,the validity of the method is proved.
In order to accurately analyze the stator current of the generator under open-phase condition,the field-circuit-network model with the speed control suitable for the generator running under grid connected condition is established. The stator current was calculated under two kinds of open-phase conditions. The one phase or two phases of the YNd11 transformations high voltage( HV) side were off,when the generator was running at rated grid connection connected condition. The relationship between the stator currents was revealed under different phase-open conditions. Also the dynamic influence of the speed control on the fault current was presented. The steady negative-sequence current was calculated under two kinds of fault conditions. The influence of nonlinear factors on the simulation results was considered under open-phase condition. In order to simulate the generator running at grid-connected condition,the fieldcircuit-network model contained the speed control system,and the generator and the infinite system were connected by the transformer and parallel two-way overhead power transmission lines,which was closer to the engineering practice. Compared with the result of analytical method,the validity of the method is proved.
引文
[1]李伟力,孙佳慧,孙宏丽.汽轮发电机稳态与负序工况下转子涡流损耗计算和温度场分析[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(9):174.LI Weili,SUN Jiahui,SUN Hongli. Calculation and analysis of eddy loss and temperature field in rotor of synchronous generator under steady state and negative sequence[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical society,2012,27(9):174.
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[16]宁丙炎,李向荣.汽轮发电机非全相运行事故的分析与计算[J].河南电力,1994(4):11.NING Bingyan,LI Xiangrong. Analysis and calculation on openphase fault of turbo-generator[J]. Henan Electric Power,1994(4):11.
[17]曹雪兰,李本瑜,沈燕华,等.发变组主变高压侧非全相运行电气特征及其对保护的影响[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(15):34.CAO Xuelan,LI Benyu,SHEN Yanhua,et al. Electrical characteristics of generator transformer high voltage side on open phase operation and its effect on protection[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(15):34.
[18]胡笳,罗应立,刘晓芳,等.汽轮发电机时步有限元计算参数对大扰动仿真结果的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(27):59.HU Jia,LUO Yingli,LI Xiaofang,et al. Influence of calculation parameters of time-stepping finite element method on simulation results in turbo-generators large disturbance process[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(27):59.
[19]汤蕴璆.电机内的电磁场[M].北京:科学出版社,1981.
[2] MILLER A R,WEIL W S,JR. Alternator short-circuit currents under unsymmetrical terminal conditions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Electrical Engineering,1937,56(10):1276.
[3] PILLET E,POLOUJADOFF M,CHASSANDE J P. Time constants of unsymmetrical short circuits of synchronous machines[J]. IEEE Transactions on PAS,1979,98(6):2172.
[4] ASHTIAN C N,LOWTHER D A. Simulation of the transient and subtransient reactances of a large hydro generator by finite elements[J]. IEEE Transactions on PAS,1984,103(7):1788.
[5]冯尔健.同步发电机不对称突然短路定子电流与转子感应电流相序成分的定量分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(8):88.FENG Erjian. Quantitative analysis of phase sequence components of stator currents and rotor inductive currents during unbalanced fault being applied at the terminals of synchronous generator[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2002,22(8):88.
[6]孙宇光,郝亮亮,王祥珩.同步发电机励磁绕组匝间短路时的稳态电流谐波特征研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,33(30):51.SUN Yuguang,HAO Liangliang,WANG Xiangheng. Steady-state currents harmonic characteristics of synchronous machine with inter-turn short circuits of field windings[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(33):51.
[7]李俊卿.汽轮发电机励磁绕组动态匝间短路故障的定位研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(7):1775.LI Junqing. Research on dynamic interturn short circuit fault location of exciting winding in turbine generators[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(7):1775.
[8]戈宝军,杨智博,陶大军.大型半速汽轮发电机负序运行引起的磁场畸变及其影响的研究[J].大电机技术,2014(7):20.GE Baojun,YANG Zhibo,TAO Dajun. Study of large half speed turbogenerator negative sequence operation on magnetic field distortion and its impact[J]. Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine,2014(7):20.
[9]张传文.同步发电机不对称运行的分析[J].科技信息,2010(17):957.ZHANG Chuanwen. Analysis on unbalanced operation of synchronous generator[J]. Science and Technology Information,2010(17):957.
[10]孙宇光,王祥珩,桂林,等.场路耦合法计算同步发电机定子绕组内部故障的暂态过程[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(1):136.SUN Yuguang,WANG Xiangheng,GUI Lin,et al. Transient calculation of stator's internal faults in synchronous generator using fem coupled with multi-loop method[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(1):136.
[11]戈宝军,李明哲,孙玉田,等.同步发电机不对称运行工况阻尼绕组电流的计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(27):154.GE Baojun,LI Mingzhe,SUN Yutian,et al. Calculation of damper winding current for synchronous generators under asymmetric conditions[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(27):154.
[12]戈宝军,张鹏鹏.核电半速汽轮发电机不对称短路故障分析[J].大电机技术,2014(7):1.GE Baojun,ZHANG Pengpeng. The fault analysis for asymmetric short-circuit of half-speed turbogenerator in nuclear power station[J]. Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine,2014(7):1.
[13]张芜.电力系统非全相运行时相序电流和相序电压的关系[J].继电器,2003,11(31):15.ZHANG Wu. Relations between phase-sequence current and voltage on open phase running in electric power system[J]. Relay,2003,31(11):15.
[14]方应民.发-变组非全相运行电流分析和故障处理[J].湖南电力,2004(19):9.FANG Yingmin. Current analysis and fault handing of generatortransformer group under open-phase operation condition[J]. Hunan Electric Power,2004(19):9.
[15]任官堂.发电机非全相运行事故的理论分析与处理方法[J].电力学报,1995,3(10):34.REN Guantang. The theoretic analysis and treatment method of the fault of the generator non-full-phase operate[J]. Journal of Electric Power,1995,10(3):34.
[16]宁丙炎,李向荣.汽轮发电机非全相运行事故的分析与计算[J].河南电力,1994(4):11.NING Bingyan,LI Xiangrong. Analysis and calculation on openphase fault of turbo-generator[J]. Henan Electric Power,1994(4):11.
[17]曹雪兰,李本瑜,沈燕华,等.发变组主变高压侧非全相运行电气特征及其对保护的影响[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(15):34.CAO Xuelan,LI Benyu,SHEN Yanhua,et al. Electrical characteristics of generator transformer high voltage side on open phase operation and its effect on protection[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(15):34.
[18]胡笳,罗应立,刘晓芳,等.汽轮发电机时步有限元计算参数对大扰动仿真结果的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(27):59.HU Jia,LUO Yingli,LI Xiaofang,et al. Influence of calculation parameters of time-stepping finite element method on simulation results in turbo-generators large disturbance process[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(27):59.
[19]汤蕴璆.电机内的电磁场[M].北京:科学出版社,1981.