可再生能源消纳影响因素的贡献度分析方法
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摘要
近年来,我国可再生能源发展迅速,风电、光伏发电装机容量已稳居全球第一,但与此同时也出现了较为严重的弃风、弃光现象,分析影响可再生能源消纳的因素及其影响程度具有重要意义。该文首先提出可再生能源消纳影响因素贡献度的概念,分析各个因素之间的相互作用;随后基于时序运行模拟计算出不同约束条件下的可再生能源弃电量,建立可再生能源消纳影响因素贡献度的评估方法;最后采用文中所提出的评估方法对IEEE RTS-79系统以及2020年甘肃–青海电网可再生能源的消纳情况进行分析。所提出的评估方法在电力系统的运行与规划、电力市场等领域有着广泛的应用前景。
In recent years, renewable energy has been developing rapidly in China. The installed capacity of wind and PV power has ranked first in the world. At the same time, the heavy curtailment of wind and solar power has been of a great concern. Thus, it is of great importance to analyze renewable energy accommodation factors and to which degree these factors influence renewable energy accommodation. Firstly, the concept of the contribution degree of renewable energy accommodation factors was put forward. The interactions between various factors were analyzed. Then, a general evaluation method for the contribution degree of renewable energy accommodation factors was proposed based on power system operation simulation under various constraints. Finally,case studies on modified IEEE RTS-79 system and Gansu-qinghai power grid were carried out to verify the validity of the proposed method. The evaluation method proposed in this paper has a wide range of application prospects in the fields of power system operation and planning and electricity market.
In recent years, renewable energy has been developing rapidly in China. The installed capacity of wind and PV power has ranked first in the world. At the same time, the heavy curtailment of wind and solar power has been of a great concern. Thus, it is of great importance to analyze renewable energy accommodation factors and to which degree these factors influence renewable energy accommodation. Firstly, the concept of the contribution degree of renewable energy accommodation factors was put forward. The interactions between various factors were analyzed. Then, a general evaluation method for the contribution degree of renewable energy accommodation factors was proposed based on power system operation simulation under various constraints. Finally,case studies on modified IEEE RTS-79 system and Gansu-qinghai power grid were carried out to verify the validity of the proposed method. The evaluation method proposed in this paper has a wide range of application prospects in the fields of power system operation and planning and electricity market.
引文
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[15]刘德伟,黄越辉,王伟胜,等.考虑调峰和电网输送约束的省级系统风电消纳能力分析[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(22):77-81.Liu Dewei,Huang Yuehui,Wang Weisheng,et al.Analysis on provincial system available capability of accommodating wind power considering peak load dispatch and transmission constraints[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(22):77-81(in Chinese).
[16]杨冬锋,周苏荃,鲍锋.风电并网系统低谷时段的调峰能力分析[J].电网技术,2014,38(6):1446-1451.Yang Dongfeng,Zhou Suquan,Bao Feng.Analysis on peak load regulation capability of power grid integrated with wind farms in valley load period[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(6):1446-1451(in Chinese).
[17]Xu Qianyao,Kang Chongqing,Zhang Ning,et al.Aprobabilistic method for determining grid-accommodable wind power capacity based on multiscenario system operation simulation[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2016,7(1):400-409.
[18]Du Ershun,Zhang Ning,Kang Chongqing,et al.Comparison between deterministic and probabilistic methods for evaluating grid-accommodative wind power capacity[C]//Proceedings of the International Council on Large Electric Systems.Vancouver,Canada:Paris,2016.
[19]朱凌志,陈宁,韩华玲.风电消纳关键问题及应对措施分析[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(22):29-34.Zhu Lingzhi,Chen Ning,Han Hualing.Key problems and solutions of wind power accommodation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(22):29-34(in Chinese).
[20]清华大学电机系.电力规划决策与评估系统GOPT 5.0技术手册[M].北京:清华大学,2010.Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University.GOPT 5.0 User Manual[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2010.
[21]Davidson M R,Pérez-Arriaga J I.Modeling unit commitment in political context:case of China's partially restructured electricity sector[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2018,33(5):4889-4901.
[22]Probability Methods Subcommittee.IEEE reliability test system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1979,PAS-98(6):2047-2054.
[2]能源信息网.浅析我国风电何时摆脱尴尬[EB/OL].(2016-07-15).http://www.cnei.info/113849/11955415.html.China Energy Info.Brief analysis of when wind power in China can get rid of the embarrassing stage[EB/OL].(2016-07-15).http://www.cnei.info/113849/11955415.html.
[3]国家能源局.2017年可再生能源发电量1.7万亿千瓦时弃风弃光率均下降[EB/OL].(2018-01-26).http://www.nea.gov.cn/2018-01/26/c_136927061.htm.National Energy Administration.In 2017,renewable energy generation has reached 1.7 trillion k Wh with decreasing curtailment rate[EB/OL].(2018-01-26).http://www.nea.gov.cn/2018-01/26/c_136927061.htm.
[4]Luo Guoliang,Li Yanling,Tang Wenjun,et al.Wind curtailment of China?s wind power operation:Evolution,causes and solutions[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2016,53:1190-1201.
[5]Fan Xiaochao,Wang Weiqing,Shi R,et al.Analysis and countermeasures of wind power curtailment in China[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2015,52:1429-1436.
[6]Lu Xi,McElroy M B,Peng Wei,et al.Challenges faced by China compared with the US in developing wind power[J].Nature Energy,2016,1(6):16061.
[7]Davidson M R,Zhang Da,Xiong Weiming,et al.Modelling the potential for wind energy integration on China’s coal-heavy electricity grid[J].Nature Energy,2016,1(7):16086.
[8]徐乾耀,康重庆,江长明,等.多时空尺度风电消纳体系初探[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(1):28-32.Xu Qianyao,Kang Chongqing,Jiang Changming,et al.Preliminary analysis on wind power accommodation system from multiple temporal and spatial scale perspective[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(1):28-32(in Chinese).
[9]舒印彪,张智刚,郭剑波,等.新能源消纳关键因素分析及解决措施研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):1-8.Shu Yinbiao,Zhang Zhigang,Guo Jianbo,et al.Study on key factors and solution of renewable energy accommodation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):1-8(in Chinese).
[10]史连军,周琳,庞博,等.中国促进清洁能源消纳的市场机制设计思路[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(24):83-89.Shi Lianjun,Zhou Lin,Pang Bo,et al.Design ideas of electricity market mechanism to improve accommodation of clean energy in China[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(24):83-89(in Chinese).
[11]陈磊,徐飞,王晓,等.储热提升风电消纳能力的实施方式及效果分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(17):4283-4290.Chen Lei,Xu Fei,Wang Xiao,et al.Implementation and effect of thermal storage in improving wind power accommodation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(17):4283-4290(in Chinese).
[12]Zhang Ning,Lu Xi,McElroy M B,et al.Reducing curtailment of wind electricity in China by employing electric boilers for heat and pumped hydro for energy storage[J].Applied Energy,2016,184:987-994.
[13]孙盛鹏,刘凤良,薛松.需求侧资源促进可再生能源消纳贡献度综合评价体系[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(4):77-83.Sun Shengpeng,Liu Fengliang,Xue Song.Comprehensive evaluation system for contribution degree of demand-side resources to renewable energy source integration[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(4):77-83(in Chinese).
[14]牛东晓,李建锋,魏林君,等.跨区电网中风电消纳影响因素分析及综合评估方法研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1087-1093.Niu Dongxiao,Li Jianfeng,Wei Linjun,et al.Study on technical factors analysis and overall evaluation method regarding wind power integration in trans-provincial power grid[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1087-1093(in Chinese).
[15]刘德伟,黄越辉,王伟胜,等.考虑调峰和电网输送约束的省级系统风电消纳能力分析[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(22):77-81.Liu Dewei,Huang Yuehui,Wang Weisheng,et al.Analysis on provincial system available capability of accommodating wind power considering peak load dispatch and transmission constraints[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(22):77-81(in Chinese).
[16]杨冬锋,周苏荃,鲍锋.风电并网系统低谷时段的调峰能力分析[J].电网技术,2014,38(6):1446-1451.Yang Dongfeng,Zhou Suquan,Bao Feng.Analysis on peak load regulation capability of power grid integrated with wind farms in valley load period[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(6):1446-1451(in Chinese).
[17]Xu Qianyao,Kang Chongqing,Zhang Ning,et al.Aprobabilistic method for determining grid-accommodable wind power capacity based on multiscenario system operation simulation[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2016,7(1):400-409.
[18]Du Ershun,Zhang Ning,Kang Chongqing,et al.Comparison between deterministic and probabilistic methods for evaluating grid-accommodative wind power capacity[C]//Proceedings of the International Council on Large Electric Systems.Vancouver,Canada:Paris,2016.
[19]朱凌志,陈宁,韩华玲.风电消纳关键问题及应对措施分析[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(22):29-34.Zhu Lingzhi,Chen Ning,Han Hualing.Key problems and solutions of wind power accommodation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(22):29-34(in Chinese).
[20]清华大学电机系.电力规划决策与评估系统GOPT 5.0技术手册[M].北京:清华大学,2010.Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University.GOPT 5.0 User Manual[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2010.
[21]Davidson M R,Pérez-Arriaga J I.Modeling unit commitment in political context:case of China's partially restructured electricity sector[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2018,33(5):4889-4901.
[22]Probability Methods Subcommittee.IEEE reliability test system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1979,PAS-98(6):2047-2054.