顺义潮白河再生水受水区初级生产力研究
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摘要
针对再生水回用河道后浮游植物大量繁殖问题,以防控再生水水质劣化为目的,采用改进的黑白瓶法原位测试顺义潮白河再生水受水区浮游植物初级生产力,探讨其空间变化特征和影响因素,并对受水区水体营养状态和浮游植物光合作用利用溶解性无机碳(DIC)情况进行分析。结果表明,受水区水体生产力水平非常高,5个采样点的水柱总初级生产力(GPP)分别为580. 92、1224. 96、2419. 56、4120. 92、4575. 00 mg C/(m~2·d),均值为2584. 27 mg C/(m~2·d);总呼吸作用量(GR)分别为247. 20、395. 52、783. 96、1893. 00、2074. 20 mg C/(m~2·d),均值为1078. 78 mg C/(m~2·d)。受水区水体处于富营养化状态,呈现自养型特征;浮游植物初级生产力沿流向上呈显著升高趋势,而在垂向上各水层生产力(P)、净生产力(NP)呈近似于指数规律快速减小,呼吸作用量(R)则逐渐变小。浮游植物初级生产力主要受控于浮游植物数量,同时还受光照强度、水温和游离CO_2等环境因子影响。减河段浮游植物的DIC为HCO_3~-和游离CO_2,潮白河段浮游植物的DIC则主要为HCO_3~-,水体富营养化和水流动缓慢是造成浮游植物大量繁殖的主要原因,浮游植物繁殖大量消耗水体中的磷,促使河道底泥向水体释放磷。
Focusing on the problem of boom of phytoplankton after the reuse of reclaimed water,the deterioration trend of reclaimed water must be prevented and controlled. Simultaneously,the primary production of reclaimed water in Shunyi district was measured by the black-white-bottle method and the spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors were discussed. And then,the nutrient status of water body and utilization of dissolved inorganic carbon( DIC) through phytoplankton photosynthetic in the affected area were analyzed. The results showed that the productivity of reclaimed water intake area was very high. The gross primary productivities( GPP) were580. 92、1224. 96、2419. 56、4120. 92、4575. 00 mgC/( m~2·d),respectively,the average value was 2584. 27 mgC/( m~2·d). The gross respirations( GR) were 247. 20、395. 52、783. 96、1893. 00、2074. 20 mgC/( m~2·d),respectively,the average value was 1078. 78 mg C/( m~2·d). The water body was in the state of eutrophication,which generally presents the characteristics of autotrophy. The primary production in the studied area showed a significant increasing trend along the flow direction. However,the exponential law of the Primary productivity and net productivity approximately decreased rapidly in the vertical direction,while respiration activity gradually decreased. The P、R were mainly controlled by phytoplankton quantity,and also influenced by light intensity,water temperature and free CO_2. The DIC that could be utilized by phytoplankton photosynthesis was free CO_2 and HCO_3~- in the Jian River,while it was mainly HCO_3~- in the Chaobai River. The eutrophication status and slow water flow rate were the main reasons for phytoplankton to multiply. The boom of phytoplankton consumed large amounts of phosphorus in the water and led to the sediment of the river to release phosphorus into the water.
Focusing on the problem of boom of phytoplankton after the reuse of reclaimed water,the deterioration trend of reclaimed water must be prevented and controlled. Simultaneously,the primary production of reclaimed water in Shunyi district was measured by the black-white-bottle method and the spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors were discussed. And then,the nutrient status of water body and utilization of dissolved inorganic carbon( DIC) through phytoplankton photosynthetic in the affected area were analyzed. The results showed that the productivity of reclaimed water intake area was very high. The gross primary productivities( GPP) were580. 92、1224. 96、2419. 56、4120. 92、4575. 00 mgC/( m~2·d),respectively,the average value was 2584. 27 mgC/( m~2·d). The gross respirations( GR) were 247. 20、395. 52、783. 96、1893. 00、2074. 20 mgC/( m~2·d),respectively,the average value was 1078. 78 mg C/( m~2·d). The water body was in the state of eutrophication,which generally presents the characteristics of autotrophy. The primary production in the studied area showed a significant increasing trend along the flow direction. However,the exponential law of the Primary productivity and net productivity approximately decreased rapidly in the vertical direction,while respiration activity gradually decreased. The P、R were mainly controlled by phytoplankton quantity,and also influenced by light intensity,water temperature and free CO_2. The DIC that could be utilized by phytoplankton photosynthesis was free CO_2 and HCO_3~- in the Jian River,while it was mainly HCO_3~- in the Chaobai River. The eutrophication status and slow water flow rate were the main reasons for phytoplankton to multiply. The boom of phytoplankton consumed large amounts of phosphorus in the water and led to the sediment of the river to release phosphorus into the water.
引文
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赖冬蓉,严兆彬,陈益平,等.2012.南昌市湖水可溶解无机碳与碳同位素特征及其影响因素分析[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),35(2):143-148.
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李艳红,葛刚,王茂林,等.2016.垂向归纳模型下鄱阳湖丰、枯水期初级生产力特征及与环境因子相关性分析[J].湖泊科学,28(3):575-582.
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王健,何江涛,刘玉梅,等.2014.潮白河再生水受水区水质变化特征多元统计分析[J].环境科学与技术,37(6):171-176.
魏复盛.2002.水和废水监测分析方法:第四版[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社:671-672.
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张运林,冯胜,马荣华,等.2008.太湖秋季真光层深度空间分布及浮游植物初级生产力的估算[J].湖泊科学,20(3):380-388.
中华人民共和国环境保护部.2011.HJ632-2011土壤·总磷的测定·碱熔-钼锑抗分光光度法[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社.
邹定辉,高坤山.2001.大型海藻类光合无机碳利用研究进展[J].海洋通报,20(5):83-90.
邹景忠,董丽萍.1983.渤海湾富营养化和赤潮问题的初步探讨[J].海洋环境科学,2(2):41-54.
Anderson D M,Cembella A D,Hallegraeff G M.2012.Progress in Understanding Harmful Algal Blooms:Paradigm Shifts and New Technologies for Research,Monitoring,and Management[J].Annual Review of Marine Science,4(1):143-176.
Delgiorgio P A,Peters R H.1993.Balance Between Phytoplankton Production and Plankton Respiration in Lakes[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,50(2):282-289.
Elena Garc A-Mart N E,Serret P,P Rez-Lorenzo M.2011.Testing potential bias in marine plankton respiration rates by dark bottle incubations in the NW Iberian shelf:incubation time and bottle volume[J].Continental Shelf Research,31(5):496-506.
Eyre B D,Ferguson A J P,Webb A,et al.2010.Metabolism of different benthic habitats and their contribution to the carbon budget of a shallow oligotrophic sub-tropical coastal system(southern Moreton Bay,Australia)[J].Biogeochemistry,102(1-3):87-110.
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Havens K E,James R T,East T L,et al.2003.N:P ratios,light limitation,and cyanobacterial dominance in a subtropical lake impacted by non-point source nutrient pollution[J].Environmental Pollution,122(3):379-390.
He B N,He J T,Wang J,et al.2018.Characteristics of GHG flux from water-air interface along a reclaimed water intake area of the Chaobai River in Shunyi,Beijing[J].Atmospheric Environment,172(1):102-108.
Laws E A,Pei S,Bienfang P.2013.Phosphate-limited growth of the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii(Bacillariophyceae):evidence of nonmonod growth kinetics[J].Journal of Phycology,49(2):241-247.
Nol L M-L J,Griffin J N,Thompson R C,et al.2010.Assessment of a field incubation method estimating primary productivity in rockpool communities[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,88(1):153-159.
Odum H T.1956.Primary production in flowing waters[J].Limnol&Oceanogr,1(2):102-117.
OECD.1982.Eutrophication of Water:Monitoring,Assessment and Control[M].Paris:OECD:43-46.
Riley G A.1939.Plankton studies.Ⅱ.The western North Atlantic,May-June,1939[J].Journal of Marine Research,2(2):145-162.
Xie L Q,Xie P,Li S X,et al.2003.The low TN:TP ratio,a cause or a result of Microcystis blooms?[J].Water Research,37(9):2073-2080.
Yang L,He J T,Liu Y M,et al.2016.Characteristics of change in water quality along reclaimed water intake area of the Chaobai River in Beijing,China[J].Journal of Environmental Science,50(1):93-102.
郭劲松,李伟,李哲,等.2011.三峡水库小江回水区春季初级生产力[J].湖泊科学,23(4):591-596.
何宝南,何江涛,王健,等.2016.顺义潮白河再生水受水区反硝化作用初探[J].农业环境科学学报,35(8):1565-1572.
赖冬蓉,严兆彬,陈益平,等.2012.南昌市湖水可溶解无机碳与碳同位素特征及其影响因素分析[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),35(2):143-148.
李晨辰,杜桂森,赵立新,等.2011.北京减河-潮白河水系的浮游植物与水质分析[J].中国环境监测,27(3):74-78.
李东京.2015.太平湖浮游植物初级生产力及营养状态研究[D].上海:上海师范大学.
李艳红,葛刚,王茂林,等.2016.垂向归纳模型下鄱阳湖丰、枯水期初级生产力特征及与环境因子相关性分析[J].湖泊科学,28(3):575-582.
濮文虹,刘光虹,喻俊芳.2004.水质分析化学:第二版[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社:67-68.
任丽艳,甘庆午.2012.2012年中国环境科学学会学术年会论文集:第二卷[C].北京:中国农业大学出版社.
孙丽敏,陈德辉,王全喜,等.2011.2009年冬和2010年春滇池外海叶绿素a及初级生产力的时空分布[J].上海师范大学学报(自然科学版),40(2):191-195.
汪益嫔,张维砚,徐春燕,等.2011.淀山湖浮游植物初级生产力及其影响因子[J].环境科学,32(5):1249-1256.
王骥,沈国华.1981.武汉东湖浮游植物的初级生产力及其与若干生态因子的关系[J].水生生物学集刊,7(3):296-311.
王佳军,赵立新.2009.潮白河水质监测与水质改善措施的初步研究[J].北京水务,2(2):13-14.
王健,何江涛,刘玉梅,等.2014.潮白河再生水受水区水质变化特征多元统计分析[J].环境科学与技术,37(6):171-176.
魏复盛.2002.水和废水监测分析方法:第四版[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社:671-672.
熊倩,黄立成,叶少文,等.2015.三峡水库浮游植物初级生产力的季节变化与空间分布[J].环境科学与技术,39(5):853-860.
张海波,裴绍峰,祝雅轩,等.2018.初夏渤海湾营养盐结构特征及其限制状况分析[J].中国环境科学,38(9):3524-3530.
张运林,冯胜,马荣华,等.2008.太湖秋季真光层深度空间分布及浮游植物初级生产力的估算[J].湖泊科学,20(3):380-388.
中华人民共和国环境保护部.2011.HJ632-2011土壤·总磷的测定·碱熔-钼锑抗分光光度法[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社.
邹定辉,高坤山.2001.大型海藻类光合无机碳利用研究进展[J].海洋通报,20(5):83-90.
邹景忠,董丽萍.1983.渤海湾富营养化和赤潮问题的初步探讨[J].海洋环境科学,2(2):41-54.
Anderson D M,Cembella A D,Hallegraeff G M.2012.Progress in Understanding Harmful Algal Blooms:Paradigm Shifts and New Technologies for Research,Monitoring,and Management[J].Annual Review of Marine Science,4(1):143-176.
Delgiorgio P A,Peters R H.1993.Balance Between Phytoplankton Production and Plankton Respiration in Lakes[J].Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,50(2):282-289.
Elena Garc A-Mart N E,Serret P,P Rez-Lorenzo M.2011.Testing potential bias in marine plankton respiration rates by dark bottle incubations in the NW Iberian shelf:incubation time and bottle volume[J].Continental Shelf Research,31(5):496-506.
Eyre B D,Ferguson A J P,Webb A,et al.2010.Metabolism of different benthic habitats and their contribution to the carbon budget of a shallow oligotrophic sub-tropical coastal system(southern Moreton Bay,Australia)[J].Biogeochemistry,102(1-3):87-110.
Grace M R,Imberger S J.2006.Stream metabolism:performing and interpreting measurements(technical manual)[M].Australia:Monash University:24-27.
Havens K E,James R T,East T L,et al.2003.N:P ratios,light limitation,and cyanobacterial dominance in a subtropical lake impacted by non-point source nutrient pollution[J].Environmental Pollution,122(3):379-390.
He B N,He J T,Wang J,et al.2018.Characteristics of GHG flux from water-air interface along a reclaimed water intake area of the Chaobai River in Shunyi,Beijing[J].Atmospheric Environment,172(1):102-108.
Laws E A,Pei S,Bienfang P.2013.Phosphate-limited growth of the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii(Bacillariophyceae):evidence of nonmonod growth kinetics[J].Journal of Phycology,49(2):241-247.
Nol L M-L J,Griffin J N,Thompson R C,et al.2010.Assessment of a field incubation method estimating primary productivity in rockpool communities[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,88(1):153-159.
Odum H T.1956.Primary production in flowing waters[J].Limnol&Oceanogr,1(2):102-117.
OECD.1982.Eutrophication of Water:Monitoring,Assessment and Control[M].Paris:OECD:43-46.
Riley G A.1939.Plankton studies.Ⅱ.The western North Atlantic,May-June,1939[J].Journal of Marine Research,2(2):145-162.
Xie L Q,Xie P,Li S X,et al.2003.The low TN:TP ratio,a cause or a result of Microcystis blooms?[J].Water Research,37(9):2073-2080.
Yang L,He J T,Liu Y M,et al.2016.Characteristics of change in water quality along reclaimed water intake area of the Chaobai River in Beijing,China[J].Journal of Environmental Science,50(1):93-102.