基于知识溢出效应的创新集聚区发展机制与空间响应——以浙大紫金众创小镇为例
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摘要
创新集聚区是实现创新发展的重要载体。目前对创新集聚的功能机制以及创新集聚区发展的实证研究尚比较缺乏。通过知识管理领域相关研究的分析,强调了研究型大学对创新发展具有关键性的驱动作用,明确了隐性知识溢出效应是研究型大学促进创新集聚并实现创新驱动作用的重要机制。在对研究型大学隐性知识溢出效应进行分析的基础上,解释了研究型大学邻近区域创新集聚区的形成机制与空间规律。以浙大紫金众创小镇为实证,根据广泛、深入的调查,研究了其隐性知识溢出的空间特征和存在问题,以促进隐性知识溢出效应的形成为目标,从保障隐性知识有效溢出、促进隐性知识显性化等方面提出了相应的空间规划对策和措施。
Innovation cluster area is an important carrier to achieve innovation and development. Through the analysis of relevant research in the field of knowledge management, the paper emphasizes the critical driving effect of research-oriented universities on innovation and development, and clarifies that tacit knowledge spillover effect is an important mechanism for research-oriented universities to promote innovation and achieve innovation. Based on the analysis of the spatial law of tacit knowledge spillover effect of research universities, the paper explains the formation mechanism and spatial law for the innovation area is close to research-oriented universities as a general rule. Based on extensive and in-depth investigation of Zhejiang university zijin co-maker town, this paper studies the spatial characteristics and existing problems of tacit knowledge spillovers. In order to promote the formation of tacit knowledge spillover effect, it puts forward the corresponding spatial planning countermeasures and measures in terms of guaranteeing the effective overflow and promoting the explicitness of tacit knowledge.
Innovation cluster area is an important carrier to achieve innovation and development. Through the analysis of relevant research in the field of knowledge management, the paper emphasizes the critical driving effect of research-oriented universities on innovation and development, and clarifies that tacit knowledge spillover effect is an important mechanism for research-oriented universities to promote innovation and achieve innovation. Based on the analysis of the spatial law of tacit knowledge spillover effect of research universities, the paper explains the formation mechanism and spatial law for the innovation area is close to research-oriented universities as a general rule. Based on extensive and in-depth investigation of Zhejiang university zijin co-maker town, this paper studies the spatial characteristics and existing problems of tacit knowledge spillovers. In order to promote the formation of tacit knowledge spillover effect, it puts forward the corresponding spatial planning countermeasures and measures in terms of guaranteeing the effective overflow and promoting the explicitness of tacit knowledge.
引文
[1] Adner R, Kapoor R.Value creation in innovation eco-systems: How the structure of technological interdependence affects firm performance in new technology generations[J]. Strategic Management Journal,2010(31):306-333.
[2] 杜勇宏.基于三螺旋理论的创新生态系统[J].中国流通经济,2015(1):91-99.
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[4] 魏立萍,陈东.知识外溢与创新的集聚——基于知识产品函数的一个理论综述[J].江西财经大学学报,2008 (6):25-28.
[5] 邬滋.知识溢出的局域性与区域创新绩效:基于地理距离的知识溢出模型[J].科技进步与对策,2011,28(14):30-35
[6] 刘毅,汪波.基于隐性知识溢出的创新集群形成演化机理研究[J].科技进步与对策,2012, 29 (2):136-141.
[7] Gezinus J, Shirreen M.Anatomy of learning organization: turning knowledge into capitalat Andersen Consulting[J].Knowledge and Process Management, 1998, 5(1):2-13.
[8] 王培芳,符太胜.知识向能力转化的条件与策略——基于不同类型知识间的关系[J].四川教育学院学报,2009,25(7):18-20.
[9] Hazel Taylor.Tacit knowledge: conceptualizations and operationalizations[J].International Journal of Knowledge Management,2007,3(3): 60-73.
[10] Swap W, Leonard D, Shield M,Abram L.Using mentoring and storytelling to transferknowledge in the workplace[J].Journal of Management Information Systems, 2011,18(1):95-114.
[11] Cooke P, Uranga M, Etexbarria G.Regional Innovation Systems Institutional and Organizational Dimension[J]. Research Policy, 2007(26):475-491.
[12] 郎益夫,周荣,喻登科.科技成果转化中的知识管理投入及其绩效反哺过程[J].科技进步与对策,2010,27(16):131-134.
[13] 冉奥博,刘云.创新生态系统结构、特征与模式研究[J].科技管理研究,2014(23):53-58.
[14] Leonard D, Sensiper S.The role of tacit knowledge in group innovation[J].California Management Review, 2008,40(3):112-132.
[15] Koskinen K U, Vanharanta H.The role of tacit knowledge in innovation process ofsmall technology companies[J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2002(8):57-64.
[16] 梁启华,何晓红.空间聚集:隐性知识转移与共享机理与途径[J].情报科学,2006,24(1):84-88.
[17] 单伟,高俊光,张庆普.社会网络视角的企业隐性知识管理综述[J].科技进步与对策,2012,29(7):156-161.
[18] Suorsa K.RegionalInnovation policy and peripheral regions in Finland, Sweden and Norway [J].Fennia-International Journal of Geography,2007,185(1):15-29.
①共发放544份问卷,回收538份有效问卷,有效率98.9%。
②利用网络数据挖掘软件(Python)进行企业的相关数据收集。实际调研过程中发现:通过访谈和问卷很难获得企业的真实生产及效益情况。因此,应用Python进行相关数据资料的采集,成果收集了超过600家企业的相关数据。
[2] 杜勇宏.基于三螺旋理论的创新生态系统[J].中国流通经济,2015(1):91-99.
[3] AnselinL.Local Geographic Spill overs between University Research and High Technology Innovations[J].Journal of Urban Economics,2007(42):422-448.
[4] 魏立萍,陈东.知识外溢与创新的集聚——基于知识产品函数的一个理论综述[J].江西财经大学学报,2008 (6):25-28.
[5] 邬滋.知识溢出的局域性与区域创新绩效:基于地理距离的知识溢出模型[J].科技进步与对策,2011,28(14):30-35
[6] 刘毅,汪波.基于隐性知识溢出的创新集群形成演化机理研究[J].科技进步与对策,2012, 29 (2):136-141.
[7] Gezinus J, Shirreen M.Anatomy of learning organization: turning knowledge into capitalat Andersen Consulting[J].Knowledge and Process Management, 1998, 5(1):2-13.
[8] 王培芳,符太胜.知识向能力转化的条件与策略——基于不同类型知识间的关系[J].四川教育学院学报,2009,25(7):18-20.
[9] Hazel Taylor.Tacit knowledge: conceptualizations and operationalizations[J].International Journal of Knowledge Management,2007,3(3): 60-73.
[10] Swap W, Leonard D, Shield M,Abram L.Using mentoring and storytelling to transferknowledge in the workplace[J].Journal of Management Information Systems, 2011,18(1):95-114.
[11] Cooke P, Uranga M, Etexbarria G.Regional Innovation Systems Institutional and Organizational Dimension[J]. Research Policy, 2007(26):475-491.
[12] 郎益夫,周荣,喻登科.科技成果转化中的知识管理投入及其绩效反哺过程[J].科技进步与对策,2010,27(16):131-134.
[13] 冉奥博,刘云.创新生态系统结构、特征与模式研究[J].科技管理研究,2014(23):53-58.
[14] Leonard D, Sensiper S.The role of tacit knowledge in group innovation[J].California Management Review, 2008,40(3):112-132.
[15] Koskinen K U, Vanharanta H.The role of tacit knowledge in innovation process ofsmall technology companies[J]. International Journal of Production Economics, 2002(8):57-64.
[16] 梁启华,何晓红.空间聚集:隐性知识转移与共享机理与途径[J].情报科学,2006,24(1):84-88.
[17] 单伟,高俊光,张庆普.社会网络视角的企业隐性知识管理综述[J].科技进步与对策,2012,29(7):156-161.
[18] Suorsa K.RegionalInnovation policy and peripheral regions in Finland, Sweden and Norway [J].Fennia-International Journal of Geography,2007,185(1):15-29.
①共发放544份问卷,回收538份有效问卷,有效率98.9%。
②利用网络数据挖掘软件(Python)进行企业的相关数据收集。实际调研过程中发现:通过访谈和问卷很难获得企业的真实生产及效益情况。因此,应用Python进行相关数据资料的采集,成果收集了超过600家企业的相关数据。