变流速水平轴潮流能桨叶的设计研究
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摘要
潮流流速呈周期性变化,针对水平轴定桨距桨叶中设计流速的参数选取问题,以捕能总量最优为目标,结合流体动力学、叶素动量理论与贝茨理论,推导并建立桨叶设计流速与周期捕获总能之间的数学模型,对实验地点的海水流速变化进行测试,计算桨叶的设计流速。采用Wilson叶片优化设计方法,同时另取最大潮流流速为设计流速,与上述设计方法进行对比设计,利用MATLAB软件得到直径为1.3m两种桨叶的外形参数。通过海上实验平台对桨叶性能测试对比,结果表明该方法的设计桨叶在大部分低流速时间段内的功率捕获高于其对比桨叶,与理论对比计算值相符,实现周期内捕获总能最优,为变流速海域的桨叶设计提供参考。
Due to the cyclical changes of tidal current velocity,this paper aims to select design velocity of fixed-pitch blade,the energy capture device. With the optimal capture efficiency in the cycle as the goal and combined with blade element momentum theory,fluid dynamics and theory of Bates,we deduce and establish the mathematical model between design flow velocity and the total energy captured by the blade in the cycle. Furthermore,the water velocity variation of the experimental site is tested,the designed flow velocity is calculated. The maximum flow velocity is taken as the design velocity,and Wilson's blade optimization design method is used to compare the above design method. Blade shape parameters of 1.3m blade diameter are obtained by MATLAB software. Blade properties on the test platform are tested and compared,and the results show that the blade using this design method captures higher power than the comparative blades in most time of the low velocity changing,which is consistent with the theoretical values and can capture optimal energy in the cycle. The results can provide theoretical basis for blade design in sea area with variable velocity.
Due to the cyclical changes of tidal current velocity,this paper aims to select design velocity of fixed-pitch blade,the energy capture device. With the optimal capture efficiency in the cycle as the goal and combined with blade element momentum theory,fluid dynamics and theory of Bates,we deduce and establish the mathematical model between design flow velocity and the total energy captured by the blade in the cycle. Furthermore,the water velocity variation of the experimental site is tested,the designed flow velocity is calculated. The maximum flow velocity is taken as the design velocity,and Wilson's blade optimization design method is used to compare the above design method. Blade shape parameters of 1.3m blade diameter are obtained by MATLAB software. Blade properties on the test platform are tested and compared,and the results show that the blade using this design method captures higher power than the comparative blades in most time of the low velocity changing,which is consistent with the theoretical values and can capture optimal energy in the cycle. The results can provide theoretical basis for blade design in sea area with variable velocity.
引文
[1]BATTEN W M J,BAHAJ A S,MOLLAND A F,et al.The prediction of the hydrodynamic performance of marine current turbines[J].Renewable Energy,2008,33(5):1085-1096.
[2]张瑞.潮流能开发利用标准体系研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.
[3]徐全坤,李伟,刘宏伟,等.水平轴潮流能发电机组独立变桨距系统[J].浙江大学学报,2013,47(3):528-534.
[4]王树杰,李冬,赵龙武,等.柔性叶片水流发电模型试验研究[J].太阳能学报,2010,31(3):362-366.
[5]BALAKA R,RACHMAN A.Pitch angle effect for horizontal axis river current turbine[J].Procedia Engineering,2012,50:343-353.
[6]GROGAN D M,LEEN S B,KENNEDY C R,et al.Design of composite tidal turbine blades[J].Renewable Energy,2013,57:151-162.
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[8]李允武.海洋能源开发[M].北京:海洋出版社,2008:94-101.
[9]PRATUMNOPHARAT,LEUNG P S.Validation of various Wind mill brake state models used by blade element momentum calculation[J].Renewable Energy,2011,36(11):3222-3227.
[10]李国宁,杨福增,杜白石,等.基于MATLAB与Pro/E的风力机风轮设计及造型[J].机械设计,2009,26(6):3-5.
[2]张瑞.潮流能开发利用标准体系研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.
[3]徐全坤,李伟,刘宏伟,等.水平轴潮流能发电机组独立变桨距系统[J].浙江大学学报,2013,47(3):528-534.
[4]王树杰,李冬,赵龙武,等.柔性叶片水流发电模型试验研究[J].太阳能学报,2010,31(3):362-366.
[5]BALAKA R,RACHMAN A.Pitch angle effect for horizontal axis river current turbine[J].Procedia Engineering,2012,50:343-353.
[6]GROGAN D M,LEEN S B,KENNEDY C R,et al.Design of composite tidal turbine blades[J].Renewable Energy,2013,57:151-162.
[7]BURTON T,SHARPE D.风能技术[M].武鑫,译.北京:科学出版社,2007:59-61.
[8]李允武.海洋能源开发[M].北京:海洋出版社,2008:94-101.
[9]PRATUMNOPHARAT,LEUNG P S.Validation of various Wind mill brake state models used by blade element momentum calculation[J].Renewable Energy,2011,36(11):3222-3227.
[10]李国宁,杨福增,杜白石,等.基于MATLAB与Pro/E的风力机风轮设计及造型[J].机械设计,2009,26(6):3-5.