油菜循环链式切割器的设计与试验
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摘要
针对传统往复式切割器切割惯性大、导致割台振动大的问题,设计了一种油菜循环链式切割器。该切割器主要由动弯刀、上定刀、下定刀、动力及传动机构组成,采用渐开线设计动弯刀刃口曲线,中间动弯刀配合上、下定刀实现单向循环双支撑切割。结合自制的切割试验台,开展切割速度、切割高度对切割力和切割功率的影响试验。结果显示:切割力和切割功率随切割速度增大而减小,切割力与切割高度拟合方程为y=–0.058 8x+158.17,切割功率与切割高度的拟合方程为y=–0.085 9 x+308.98;田间切割试验结果表明:切割速度为2 m/s、离地高度400 mm时切割效果好,茎秆切口整齐,无漏割、堵刀、拔秆现象。
A rapeseed circular chain cutter was designed to solve the problem of large inertia and the header vibrating for the traditional reciprocating cutter.The cutter is mainly composed of a dynamic bending knife with involute shape,an upper and a lower fixed knife,a power and a transmission.An intermediate moving bending knife cooperates with the upper and lower fixed knife to realize a one-way circulating cutting with double supporting.Combined with the self-made cutting test bench,the effects of cutting speed and cutting height on the cutting force and the cutting power are tested.The results show that the cutting force and the cutting power decrease with an increase in the cutting speed.The dependence of the cutting force on the cutting height fit the equation of y=–0.058 8 x+158.17.The fitting equation of the cutting power dependent on the cutting height is y=–0.085 9 x+308.98.The field cutting test shows that the stalks are neatly cut without missing cutting,knife blocking,and stalk pulling,when the cutting speed is 2 m/s and the height is 400 mm from the ground.
A rapeseed circular chain cutter was designed to solve the problem of large inertia and the header vibrating for the traditional reciprocating cutter.The cutter is mainly composed of a dynamic bending knife with involute shape,an upper and a lower fixed knife,a power and a transmission.An intermediate moving bending knife cooperates with the upper and lower fixed knife to realize a one-way circulating cutting with double supporting.Combined with the self-made cutting test bench,the effects of cutting speed and cutting height on the cutting force and the cutting power are tested.The results show that the cutting force and the cutting power decrease with an increase in the cutting speed.The dependence of the cutting force on the cutting height fit the equation of y=–0.058 8 x+158.17.The fitting equation of the cutting power dependent on the cutting height is y=–0.085 9 x+308.98.The field cutting test shows that the stalks are neatly cut without missing cutting,knife blocking,and stalk pulling,when the cutting speed is 2 m/s and the height is 400 mm from the ground.
引文
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[2]李青林,戴青玲.基于ADAMAS油菜联合收获机割刀驱动机构的仿真[J].农机化研究,2009,31(3):56-58.
[3]李仲恺,谢方平,刘科,等.油菜收获圆盘式切割器的设计与性能试验[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,40(1):83-88.
[4]韩正晟,粟震霄,魏宏安,等.齿形链式切割器的试验研究[J].农业工程学报,1998,14(2):92-95.
[5]韩正晟.回转带式切割器的研究[J].农业机械学报,1998,29(2):33-37.
[6]韩正晟,赵武云,杨天兴.4GG-170型高速收割机的试验分析[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(12):56-59.
[7]杨天兴.齿形链式牧草收割机的研究与设计[J].机械研究与应用,2006,19(5):87-88.
[8]温宝琴,高广娣,葛云,等.齿形链式切割器切割棉秆试验研究[J].农业机械,2012,10(34):134-135.
[9]董月亮,李耀明,徐立章.油菜联合收割机割台损失影响因素的试验研究[J].农机化研究,2008,30(5):109-112.
[10]吴明亮,官春云,汤楚宙,等.油菜茎秆切割力影响因素试验[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(6):141-144.
[11]罗海峰,汤楚宙,官春云,等.适应机械化收获的田间油菜植株特性研究[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(1):61-66.
[12]中国农业机械化科学研究院.农业机械设计手册[K].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2007.