增长边界政策趋紧下中国特大城市的效率变化
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摘要
随着中国对城市增长边界和用地规模管控趋紧,特大城市将面临规模扩张内在需求与增长边界外部约束并存的发展抉择。运用数据包络分析方法,考察2006—2016年增长边界管控政策从"软要求"到"硬约束"转变过程中特大城市运行效率的静态特征和动态变化发现,部分特大城市开始进入规模效应递减区间,且在土地约束不断强化的情况下,生产要素配置和利用水平没有较大提高,从而在整体上影响城市运行效率的提升。为此,需要通过采取在微观层面上提高空间资源利用效率、中观层面上提高空间结构组织效率、宏观层面上提高区域协调发展效率等措施,来提升中国特大城市的运行效率。
With the tightening of UGB and land scale control in China, megacities will face the development choice of the coexistence of internal demand for scale expansion and the external constraints of UGB. Using DEA, this paper examines the static characteristics and dynamic changes of operational efficiency of mega cities in China during the transition from requirements"to"hard constraints"of growth boundary control policies in 2006—2016. Study found that some mega cities begin to enter the decreasing range of scale effect, and the allocation and utilization level of production factors has not been greatly improved under the condition of the continuous strengthening of land restriction, thus affecting the improvement of urban operational efficiency. Therefore, we need to take measures to improve the utilization efficiency of the space resources at the micro level, the organization efficiency of the space structure at the meso level and the coordinated development efficiency at the macro level to improve the operation efficiency of mega-cities in China.
With the tightening of UGB and land scale control in China, megacities will face the development choice of the coexistence of internal demand for scale expansion and the external constraints of UGB. Using DEA, this paper examines the static characteristics and dynamic changes of operational efficiency of mega cities in China during the transition from requirements"to"hard constraints"of growth boundary control policies in 2006—2016. Study found that some mega cities begin to enter the decreasing range of scale effect, and the allocation and utilization level of production factors has not been greatly improved under the condition of the continuous strengthening of land restriction, thus affecting the improvement of urban operational efficiency. Therefore, we need to take measures to improve the utilization efficiency of the space resources at the micro level, the organization efficiency of the space structure at the meso level and the coordinated development efficiency at the macro level to improve the operation efficiency of mega-cities in China.
引文
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[2]林坚,乔治洋,叶子君.城市开发边界的“划”与“用”——我国14个大城市开发边界划定试点进展分析与思考[J].城市规划学刊,2017(2).
[3]魏后凯.中国城镇化进程中两极化倾向与规模格局重构[J].中国工业经济,2014(3).
[4]宁越敏.城市增长边界:历史溯源与内在规律[J].探索与争鸣,2015(6).
[5]黄明华,张然,贺琦,等.回归本源——对城市增长边界“永久性”与“阶段性”的探讨[J].城市规划,2017(2).
[6]魏德辉,谌丽,杨翌朝.美国波特兰的宜居城市建设经验及启示[J].国际城市规划,2016(5).
[7]赵晓霞,渠爱雪,荀文华,等.城市效率研究进展与展望[J].淮海工学院学报,2012(1).
[8]张立新,朱道林,杜挺,等.基于DEA模型的城市建设用地利用效率时空格局演变及驱动因素[J].资源科学,2017(3).
[9]王新涛.基于国家中心城市识别标准的郑州发展能力提升研究[J].区域经济评论,2017(4).