地球动力学问题的数值模拟研究——以青藏高原现今隆升研究为例
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摘要
以青藏高原地区为研究对象,考虑活动地块分区和主要断裂带,建立能反映地表起伏和分层结构的岩石圈三维粘弹性有限元模型。选取合适的模型参数、边界条件和加载条件进行计算,模拟了青藏高原地区的现今垂直隆升速率。研究表明,印度板块对欧亚板块的向北推挤作用是高原隆升的主要动力源。下地壳和岩石圈上地幔在印度板块的向北推挤下不断增厚,从而维持青藏高原地区现今的持续隆升状态。
Consideringthe distribution of active block and major fault zones in Chinese mainland,the three-dimensional viscoelastic finite element model of Qinghai-Tibet plateau is established which reflects the surface relief and lithosphere layered structure.The appropriate model media parameters,boundary conditions and loading conditions are selected for numerical calculation, and the present vertical uplift rate of Qinghai-Tibet plateau is simulated.The research result indicates that the northward push of Indian plate to Eurasian plate is the main power source of the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet plateau.Under the northward push of the Indian plate,the lower crust and lithospheric mantle thicken continuously,thus maintains the present continuous uplift state of Qinghai-Tibet plateau.
Consideringthe distribution of active block and major fault zones in Chinese mainland,the three-dimensional viscoelastic finite element model of Qinghai-Tibet plateau is established which reflects the surface relief and lithosphere layered structure.The appropriate model media parameters,boundary conditions and loading conditions are selected for numerical calculation, and the present vertical uplift rate of Qinghai-Tibet plateau is simulated.The research result indicates that the northward push of Indian plate to Eurasian plate is the main power source of the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet plateau.Under the northward push of the Indian plate,the lower crust and lithospheric mantle thicken continuously,thus maintains the present continuous uplift state of Qinghai-Tibet plateau.
引文
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Molnar P,Chen W P.Focal depths and fault plane solutions of earthquakes under the Tibetan Plateau[J].J Geophys Res, 1983,88(2):1180-1196.
傅容珊,徐耀民,黄建华,等.青藏高原挤压隆升过程的数值模拟[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(3):346-355.
陆诗阔,蔡永恩.青藏高原动力学数值模拟方法与研究进展[J].地震学报,2004,6(5):547-559.
马润勇,彭建兵,席先武,等.青藏高原的递进式隆升机制[J].地球科学进展,2004,19(增刊):41-45.
马润勇,席先武,彭建兵,等.青藏高原递进式隆升的力学模式[J].大地构造与成矿学,2005,29(4):451-458.
王辉.中国大陆地震应变场研究与青藏高原活动地块区运动学模拟[D].中国地震局地球物理研究所博士学位论文,2005.
西安地质矿产研究所.青藏高原隆升演化史[R].http://www.xian.cgs.gov.cn/jcdz/2010/0126/article_565.html.
杨红心,王乘,张秋文,等.青藏高原隆升的非线性动态有限元仿真研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2002,22(2):75-81.
张东宁,许忠怀.青藏高原现代构造应力状态及构造运动的三维粘弹性数值模拟[J].中国地震,1994,10(2):136-143.
张国民,马宏生,王辉,等.中国大陆活动地块边界带与强震活动[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(3):602-610.
张培震,邓起东,张国民,等.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块[J].中国科学:地球科学,2003,(增刊):12-20.
Molnar P,Chen W P.Focal depths and fault plane solutions of earthquakes under the Tibetan Plateau[J].J Geophys Res, 1983,88(2):1180-1196.