塔里木盆地东北部大气降水氚浓度的恢复及应用
|
摘要
氚作为一种理想的示踪剂和测年技术手段,在地下水研究中应用广泛。为了解决塔里木盆地东北部地下水氚测年研究中的大气降水氚浓度恢复问题,采用因子分析法,建立了塔里木盆地东北部大气降水氚浓度模型,并用实测数据进行了模型校正,校正后模型计算结果与实测数据吻合良好,表明所建立的大气降水氚浓度模型较合理;同时,考虑到研究区大气中氚含量受20世纪大气层核试验的影响,采纳了前人部分研究成果,最终恢复了该区域1960—2009年大气降水氚浓度值。据此,将所恢复的大气降水氚浓度数据作为输入值,代入到氚测年的活塞流模型和混合流模型,计算了研究区4个地下水样的年龄,并分析了氚年龄计算结果的合理性,认为所获得的年龄数据符合当地水文地质条件,这进一步证明了本文所恢复的大气降水氚浓度值较为可靠。
As an ideal tracer and radio element for dating,Tritium is broadly applied in hydrogeology. In order to obtain the tritium concentration in precipitation in northwest Tarim basin,a model is developed using factor analysis method and corrected with the measured data. The calculated results of model are in good agreement with the measured data,showing that the model is reasonable. The recovered tritium concentration data in precipitation in the northwestern Tarim basin is put to the piston flow model and the mixed flow model to date four groundwater samples in the study area. It is found that the tritium age results of groundwater are consistent with the hydrogeological conditions of study area,indicating that the model of tritium concentrations in precipitation in the northwestern of Tarim basin is reliable.
As an ideal tracer and radio element for dating,Tritium is broadly applied in hydrogeology. In order to obtain the tritium concentration in precipitation in northwest Tarim basin,a model is developed using factor analysis method and corrected with the measured data. The calculated results of model are in good agreement with the measured data,showing that the model is reasonable. The recovered tritium concentration data in precipitation in the northwestern Tarim basin is put to the piston flow model and the mixed flow model to date four groundwater samples in the study area. It is found that the tritium age results of groundwater are consistent with the hydrogeological conditions of study area,indicating that the model of tritium concentrations in precipitation in the northwestern of Tarim basin is reliable.
引文
[1]Lucas L L,Unterweger M P.Comprehensive review and critical evaluation of the half-time of tritium[J].Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology,2000,105(4):541-549.
[2]Fetter C W.Applied Hydrogeology[M].4th ed.New Jersey:Prentice Hall Inc,2001:298.
[3]Kehew A E.Applied chemical hydrogeology[M].New Jersey:Prentice Hall Inc,2001:136-140.
[4]Ian Clark,Peter Fritz.Environmental isotopes in hydrogeology[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press,1999:177.
[5]Boronina A,Renard P,Balderer W,et al.Application of Tritium in precipitation and in groundwater of the kouris catchment(cyprus)for description of the regional groundwater flow[J].Applied Geochemistry,2005,20(7):1292-1308.
[6]Pang Z H,Huang T M,Chen Y N.Diminished Groundwater recharge and circulation relative to degrading riparian vegetation in middle Tarim river,Xinjiang Uygur,western China[J].Hydrological Process,2010,24:147-159.
[7]苗晋祥.基于同位素的豫北平原浅层地下水形成的认识[J].水文地质工程地质,2010,37(4):5-11.[MIAO J X.Formation of the shallow groundwater in the Northern Henan Plain based on isotope analyses[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2010,37(4):5-11.(in Chinese)]
[8]崔亚莉,刘峰,郝奇琛,等.诺木洪冲洪积扇地下水氢氧同位素特征及更新能力研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2015,42(6):1-7.[CUI Y L,LIU F,HAO Q C,et al.Characteristics of hydrogen andoxygen isotopes and renewability of groundwater in the Nuomuhong alluvial fan[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2015,42(6):1-7.(in Chinese)]
[9]关秉钧.我国大气降水中氚的数值推算[J].水文地质工程地质,1986,13(4):38-41.[GUAN B J.Therestoration of Tritium concentration in precipitation in China[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,1986,13(4):38-41.(in Chinese)]
[10]关秉钧,唐京春.用环境同位素方法研究北京地区地下水及工业污染时空变化规律[J].水文地质工程地质,1992,19(5):10-14.[GUAN B J,TANG J C.Investigation on time and spacial changing rule of underground water and industrial pollutants in Beijing region by environmental isotope method[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,1992,19(5):10-14.(in Chinese)]
[11]苏小四.同位素技术在黄河流域典型地区地下水可更新能力研究中的应用——以银川平原和包头平原为例[D].长春:吉林大学,2002.[SU X S.Application of isotope techniques in the research of groundwater renewability in the typical areas of the Yellow River Basin:examples from Yinchuan Plain and Baotou Plain[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2002.(in Chinese)]
[12]王凤生.吉林省大气降水氚浓度恢复的区域模型探讨[J].吉林地质,1998,17(3):75-80.[WANG F S.The regional recovery model of tritium concentration for meteoric water in Jilin province[J].Jilin Geology,1998,17(3):75-80.(in Chinese)]
[13]龙文化,陈鸿汉,段青梅,等.人工神经网络方法在大气降水氚浓度恢复中的应用[J].地质与资源,2008,17(3):208-212.[LONG W H,CHEN H H,DUAN Q M,et al.Application of artificial neural network in the restoration of tritium concentration in precipitation[J].Geology and Resources,2008,17(3):208-212.(in Chinese)]
[14]Doney S C,Glover D M,Jenkins W J.A model function of the global tritium distribution in precipitation,1960——1986[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1992,97(C4):5481-5492.
[15]Zhang Y H,Ye S J,Wu J C.A Modified Global Model for Predicting the Tritium Distribution in Precipitation,1960-2005[J].Hydrological Processes,2011,25:2379-2392.
[16]赵振华,袁革新,吴吉春,等.西北某放射性废物处置预选区地下水水化学特征及地球化学模拟[J].水文地质工程地质,2011,38(4):1-7.[ZHAO Z H,YUAN G X,WU J C,et al.Hydrochemical characteristics and hydrogeochemical modeling of groundwater in a certain potential radioactive waste disposal site in Northwest China[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2011,38(4):1-7.(in Chinese)]
[17]焦鹏程,王弭力,刘成林.新疆罗布泊盐湖卤水的氚同位素特征及其地质意义[J].核技术,2004,27(9):710-715.[JIAO P C,WANG M L,LIU C L.Characteristics and origin of tritium in the potassiumrich brine in lop nur’Xinjiang[J].Nuclear Techniques,2004,27(9):710-715.(in Chinese)]
[18]Morishima H,Kawai H,Koga T,et al.The trends of Global Tritium Precipitations[J].J Radiat Res,1985,26:283-312.
[19]林瑞芬.新疆罗布泊地区天然水的同位素组成研究[C]//中国科学院新疆分院罗布泊综合科学考察队.罗布泊科学考察与研究.北京:科学出版社,1987:211-217.[LIN R F.The study on isotopic composition of natural water in Lop Nur’Xinjiang[C]//Lop Nur scientific expedition of Xinjiang Branch.Chinese Academy of Sciences,Scientific Expedition and Research on Lop Nur.Beijing:Science Press,1987:211-217.(in Chinese)]
[20]林瑞芬,卫克勤,程致远,等.新疆博斯腾湖沉积岩心的210Pb、238Th、239,240Pu和3H的分布及意义[J].地球化学,1992(1):63-69.[LIN R F,WEI K Q,CHENG Z Y,et al.Distribution of210Pb、238Th、239,240Pu and3H and their implications in sediment core from Bosten lake,Xinjiang,China[J].Geochemica,1992(1):63-69.(in Chinese)]
[21]Zhenhua Zhao,Jichun Wu,Gexin Yuan,et al.Hydrochemical investigation of shallow groundwater in northwest margin of Lop Nur,northwest China[J].Environ Earth Sci,2016,75(3):1-13.
[2]Fetter C W.Applied Hydrogeology[M].4th ed.New Jersey:Prentice Hall Inc,2001:298.
[3]Kehew A E.Applied chemical hydrogeology[M].New Jersey:Prentice Hall Inc,2001:136-140.
[4]Ian Clark,Peter Fritz.Environmental isotopes in hydrogeology[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press,1999:177.
[5]Boronina A,Renard P,Balderer W,et al.Application of Tritium in precipitation and in groundwater of the kouris catchment(cyprus)for description of the regional groundwater flow[J].Applied Geochemistry,2005,20(7):1292-1308.
[6]Pang Z H,Huang T M,Chen Y N.Diminished Groundwater recharge and circulation relative to degrading riparian vegetation in middle Tarim river,Xinjiang Uygur,western China[J].Hydrological Process,2010,24:147-159.
[7]苗晋祥.基于同位素的豫北平原浅层地下水形成的认识[J].水文地质工程地质,2010,37(4):5-11.[MIAO J X.Formation of the shallow groundwater in the Northern Henan Plain based on isotope analyses[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2010,37(4):5-11.(in Chinese)]
[8]崔亚莉,刘峰,郝奇琛,等.诺木洪冲洪积扇地下水氢氧同位素特征及更新能力研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2015,42(6):1-7.[CUI Y L,LIU F,HAO Q C,et al.Characteristics of hydrogen andoxygen isotopes and renewability of groundwater in the Nuomuhong alluvial fan[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2015,42(6):1-7.(in Chinese)]
[9]关秉钧.我国大气降水中氚的数值推算[J].水文地质工程地质,1986,13(4):38-41.[GUAN B J.Therestoration of Tritium concentration in precipitation in China[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,1986,13(4):38-41.(in Chinese)]
[10]关秉钧,唐京春.用环境同位素方法研究北京地区地下水及工业污染时空变化规律[J].水文地质工程地质,1992,19(5):10-14.[GUAN B J,TANG J C.Investigation on time and spacial changing rule of underground water and industrial pollutants in Beijing region by environmental isotope method[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,1992,19(5):10-14.(in Chinese)]
[11]苏小四.同位素技术在黄河流域典型地区地下水可更新能力研究中的应用——以银川平原和包头平原为例[D].长春:吉林大学,2002.[SU X S.Application of isotope techniques in the research of groundwater renewability in the typical areas of the Yellow River Basin:examples from Yinchuan Plain and Baotou Plain[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2002.(in Chinese)]
[12]王凤生.吉林省大气降水氚浓度恢复的区域模型探讨[J].吉林地质,1998,17(3):75-80.[WANG F S.The regional recovery model of tritium concentration for meteoric water in Jilin province[J].Jilin Geology,1998,17(3):75-80.(in Chinese)]
[13]龙文化,陈鸿汉,段青梅,等.人工神经网络方法在大气降水氚浓度恢复中的应用[J].地质与资源,2008,17(3):208-212.[LONG W H,CHEN H H,DUAN Q M,et al.Application of artificial neural network in the restoration of tritium concentration in precipitation[J].Geology and Resources,2008,17(3):208-212.(in Chinese)]
[14]Doney S C,Glover D M,Jenkins W J.A model function of the global tritium distribution in precipitation,1960——1986[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1992,97(C4):5481-5492.
[15]Zhang Y H,Ye S J,Wu J C.A Modified Global Model for Predicting the Tritium Distribution in Precipitation,1960-2005[J].Hydrological Processes,2011,25:2379-2392.
[16]赵振华,袁革新,吴吉春,等.西北某放射性废物处置预选区地下水水化学特征及地球化学模拟[J].水文地质工程地质,2011,38(4):1-7.[ZHAO Z H,YUAN G X,WU J C,et al.Hydrochemical characteristics and hydrogeochemical modeling of groundwater in a certain potential radioactive waste disposal site in Northwest China[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2011,38(4):1-7.(in Chinese)]
[17]焦鹏程,王弭力,刘成林.新疆罗布泊盐湖卤水的氚同位素特征及其地质意义[J].核技术,2004,27(9):710-715.[JIAO P C,WANG M L,LIU C L.Characteristics and origin of tritium in the potassiumrich brine in lop nur’Xinjiang[J].Nuclear Techniques,2004,27(9):710-715.(in Chinese)]
[18]Morishima H,Kawai H,Koga T,et al.The trends of Global Tritium Precipitations[J].J Radiat Res,1985,26:283-312.
[19]林瑞芬.新疆罗布泊地区天然水的同位素组成研究[C]//中国科学院新疆分院罗布泊综合科学考察队.罗布泊科学考察与研究.北京:科学出版社,1987:211-217.[LIN R F.The study on isotopic composition of natural water in Lop Nur’Xinjiang[C]//Lop Nur scientific expedition of Xinjiang Branch.Chinese Academy of Sciences,Scientific Expedition and Research on Lop Nur.Beijing:Science Press,1987:211-217.(in Chinese)]
[20]林瑞芬,卫克勤,程致远,等.新疆博斯腾湖沉积岩心的210Pb、238Th、239,240Pu和3H的分布及意义[J].地球化学,1992(1):63-69.[LIN R F,WEI K Q,CHENG Z Y,et al.Distribution of210Pb、238Th、239,240Pu and3H and their implications in sediment core from Bosten lake,Xinjiang,China[J].Geochemica,1992(1):63-69.(in Chinese)]
[21]Zhenhua Zhao,Jichun Wu,Gexin Yuan,et al.Hydrochemical investigation of shallow groundwater in northwest margin of Lop Nur,northwest China[J].Environ Earth Sci,2016,75(3):1-13.