水分和养分添加对扭黄茅刈割后补偿作用的影响
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摘要
以金沙江干热河谷区常见的乡土草本植物扭黄茅(Heteropogon contortus)为试验材料,研究了不同水分、养分添加及刈割后植株的补偿生长特征。结果表明,1)植株凋落物量在进行刈割后减少,而在高频次降水或添加养分条件下有所增加。2)在添加养分条件下,经高频次降水处理的植株冠部干物质重量较高。3)扭黄茅单株及其根、茎、叶干物质重量在高频次降水、添加养分、未刈割时达到最高。4)植株的根冠比在未添加养分、刈割条件下均显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),无论降水频次高、低;未添加养分、刈割处理植株在高、低频次降水下的生殖分配率(依次为1.2%、0)有显著性差异(P<0.05),但均小于其他处理。5)刈割后扭黄茅植株总生物量及其根、茎、叶、花果各器官生物量的补偿生长指数均在低频次降水并进行养分添加条件下最高,但均为欠补偿生长。因此,刈割不利于扭黄茅草地凋落物的形成和生物量的积累,而适量增加降水频次和添加养分有助于缓解该不利作用,但不改变刈割后扭黄茅欠补偿生长的格局。
The compensatory growth characteristics of Heteropogon contortus,a common native herb and test material in the dry,hot valley of the Jinsha River,with the addition of water and nutrients and mowing was studied.The dry matter weight of litter decreased after mowing;however,it increased with high-frequency precipitation or when nutrients were added.When nutrients were added,the dry matter weight of crown was higher after the high frequency precipitation treatment.The highest dry matter weight per plant and the weight of its roots,stems,and leaves appeared when there was high frequency precipitation,added nutrients,and when unmowed.The root-shoot ratio of plants with no added nutrients but had mowed crowns was significantly higher when compared to that of the other plants(P<0.05) regardless of the frequency of precipitation.The reproduction allocations of plants with no added nutrients,mowed crowns,and high and low precipitation frequency(1.2%,0,respectively) were significantly different(P<0.05) and lower when compared to that of the other plants.The compensation indices for the biomass of the plants and the roots,stems,leaves,inflorescences,and fruits after mowing were the highest when precipitation frequency was low and when nutrients were added.Furthermore,the growth patterns of the plants and their roots,stems,leaves,inflorescences,and fruits were undercompensated.Therefore,mowing had an adverse effect on the formation process of litter and the accumulation of biomass in the H.contortus meadow;however,the appropriate amount of water and fertilizer can help alleviate this unfavorable effect,although,the undercompensatory growth pattern of the plants cannot be changed.
The compensatory growth characteristics of Heteropogon contortus,a common native herb and test material in the dry,hot valley of the Jinsha River,with the addition of water and nutrients and mowing was studied.The dry matter weight of litter decreased after mowing;however,it increased with high-frequency precipitation or when nutrients were added.When nutrients were added,the dry matter weight of crown was higher after the high frequency precipitation treatment.The highest dry matter weight per plant and the weight of its roots,stems,and leaves appeared when there was high frequency precipitation,added nutrients,and when unmowed.The root-shoot ratio of plants with no added nutrients but had mowed crowns was significantly higher when compared to that of the other plants(P<0.05) regardless of the frequency of precipitation.The reproduction allocations of plants with no added nutrients,mowed crowns,and high and low precipitation frequency(1.2%,0,respectively) were significantly different(P<0.05) and lower when compared to that of the other plants.The compensation indices for the biomass of the plants and the roots,stems,leaves,inflorescences,and fruits after mowing were the highest when precipitation frequency was low and when nutrients were added.Furthermore,the growth patterns of the plants and their roots,stems,leaves,inflorescences,and fruits were undercompensated.Therefore,mowing had an adverse effect on the formation process of litter and the accumulation of biomass in the H.contortus meadow;however,the appropriate amount of water and fertilizer can help alleviate this unfavorable effect,although,the undercompensatory growth pattern of the plants cannot be changed.
引文
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