宁夏沙枣种质资源表型多样性分析
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摘要
以宁夏34份沙枣为试材,采用一般描述性统计、相关性分析和聚类分析等统计学方法,研究了其16个表型性状的多样性,以期为沙枣资源开发利用提供参考依据。结果表明:5个质量性状以果面颜色的遗传多样性指数(1.359 9)最高;枝有无刺遗传多样性指数(0.362 2)最低;12个数量性状的遗传多样性指数变化范围在1.433 4～2.037 4,其中叶片纵径(2.037 4)和叶片叶绿素含量(2.025 4)遗传多样性指数较高,果肉总黄酮含量多样性指数(1.433 4)最低;变异系数方面来看,12个数量性状的范围为5.79%～51.04%,维生素C含量变异系数(51.04%)最大,果肉总糖含量变异系数(5.79%)最低。相关分析表明,果实横径与单果质量、果实纵径与果实横径、种子质量与单果质量、种子质量与果实横径、种子质量与叶片横径之间呈极显著的正相关;果实纵径与单果质量、种子质量与叶绿素含量之间呈显著的正相关;糖分含量与叶柄长度、叶绿素与类黄酮含量之间呈显著的负相关;聚类分析将34份沙枣资源分成4类,第一类主要特点为维生素C含量、类黄酮含量、糖分含量在34个样品中处于中等水平,第二类主要特点为维生素C含量低,类黄酮含量高,第三类主要特点为维生素C含量高,类黄酮含量低,第四类维生素C含量和类黄酮含量均很高,但糖分含量较高。
The 34 parts of Elaeagnus angustifoliain Ningxia were used as materials,the diversity of 16 phenotypic traits was studied by using statistical methods of general descriptive statistics,correlation analysis and cluster analysis to provide reference for development and utilization of Elaeagnus angustifolia.The results showed that the Shannon-Wiener indexes of fruit surface color was the highest among the five quality trait(1.359 9),the genetic diversity index of branches was the lowest(0.362 2).The genetic diversity index of 12 quantitative traits were between 1.433 4-2.037 4,leaf length and chlorophyll content had the highest genetic diversity index were 2.037 4 and 2.025 4,and the lowest genetic diversity index was flesh total flavonoid content that was 1.433 4.As well,the variation coefficient of 12 quantitative traits was the range of 5.79%-51.04%.The coefficient of variation of vitamin C content was 51.04%,that was the highest among the 12 quantitative traits.The variation coefficient of flesh total sugar content was the lowest of 5.79%.Correlation analysis showed that there were an extremely significant positive correlation between fruit transverse diameter and fruit weight,fruit transverse diameter and fruit longitudinal diameter,seed weight and fruit weight,seed weight and fruit transverse diameter,seed weight and leaf width,a significant positive correlation between fruit longitudinal diameter and fruit weight,seed weight and chlorophyll content,an extremely significant negative correlation between sugar content and petiole length,chlorophyll and flavonoid content,which could be divided into 4 groups by variable clustering.The main characteristics of the first group were vitamin C content,flavonoid content and sugar content at a moderate level,the second type was characterized by low vitamin C content and high flavonoid content,the main characteristics of the third category were high vitamin C content,low flavonoid content,high vitamin C content and flavonoid content in the fourth category but high sugar content.
The 34 parts of Elaeagnus angustifoliain Ningxia were used as materials,the diversity of 16 phenotypic traits was studied by using statistical methods of general descriptive statistics,correlation analysis and cluster analysis to provide reference for development and utilization of Elaeagnus angustifolia.The results showed that the Shannon-Wiener indexes of fruit surface color was the highest among the five quality trait(1.359 9),the genetic diversity index of branches was the lowest(0.362 2).The genetic diversity index of 12 quantitative traits were between 1.433 4-2.037 4,leaf length and chlorophyll content had the highest genetic diversity index were 2.037 4 and 2.025 4,and the lowest genetic diversity index was flesh total flavonoid content that was 1.433 4.As well,the variation coefficient of 12 quantitative traits was the range of 5.79%-51.04%.The coefficient of variation of vitamin C content was 51.04%,that was the highest among the 12 quantitative traits.The variation coefficient of flesh total sugar content was the lowest of 5.79%.Correlation analysis showed that there were an extremely significant positive correlation between fruit transverse diameter and fruit weight,fruit transverse diameter and fruit longitudinal diameter,seed weight and fruit weight,seed weight and fruit transverse diameter,seed weight and leaf width,a significant positive correlation between fruit longitudinal diameter and fruit weight,seed weight and chlorophyll content,an extremely significant negative correlation between sugar content and petiole length,chlorophyll and flavonoid content,which could be divided into 4 groups by variable clustering.The main characteristics of the first group were vitamin C content,flavonoid content and sugar content at a moderate level,the second type was characterized by low vitamin C content and high flavonoid content,the main characteristics of the third category were high vitamin C content,low flavonoid content,high vitamin C content and flavonoid content in the fourth category but high sugar content.
引文
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[34]DJANAGUIRAMAN M,SHEEBA J A,SHANKER A K,et al.Rice can acclimate to lethal level of salinity by pretreatment with sublethal level of salinity through osmotic adjustment[J].Plant and Soil,2006,284(1-2):363-373.
[2]李斌,顾万春,卢宝明.白皮松天然群体种实性状表型多样性研究[J].生物多样性,2002(10):181-188.
[3]华蕾,袁筱萍.我国水稻主栽品种SSR多样性的比较分析[J].中国水稻科学,2007,21(2):150-154.
[4]柳江群,尹明宇,左丝雨,等.长柄扁桃天然种群表型变异[J].植物生态学报,2017,41(10):1091-1102.
[5]左力辉,张军,董研,等.新疆野苹果自然群体叶形遗传多样性分析[J].北方园艺,2015(11):1-7.
[6]张莹,曹玉芬,霍宏亮,等.基于花表型性状的梨种质资源多样性研究[J].园艺学报,2016(7):1245-1256.
[7]努尔墩麦麦提尼亚孜.新疆沙枣果实品质考察[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆医科大学,2009.
[8]聂小兰.沙枣的研究现状及展望[J].北方园艺,2007(4):67-69.
[9]王晓荣,魏朔南.沙枣生物学及其主要化学成分的研究[J].陕西农业科学,2010(6):47-50.
[10]辛艳伟.沙枣的开发和利用[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(2):399-400,402.
[11]刘昱洲.沙枣种质资源遗传多样性研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2015.
[12]常兆丰,方峨天.沙枣饲料的开发利用[J].饲料研究,1992(4):9.
[13]王雅,赵萍,王玉丽,等.野生沙枣果实营养成分研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2006,41(6):130-132.
[14]LIN M,TODORIC D,MALLORY M,et al.Monoclonal antibodies binding to the cell surface of Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b[J].Journal of medical microbiology,2006,55(3):291-299.
[15]VITAS A I.Occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes in fresh and processed foods in Navarra(Spain)[J].International Journal of Food Microbiology,2004,90(3):349-356.
[16]刘晔玮,邸多隆,王勤.沙枣花挥发油的化学成分及其指纹图谱的研究[J].食品科学,2003,24(7):111-113.
[17]李银芳,阿迪力,吾彼尔,等.沙枣林产品的开发利用现状[J].防护林科技,2005(1):80-81.
[18]黄俊华,杨昌友,王朝锋.沙枣研究现状与展望[J].中国野生植物资源,2005,24(3):26-28.
[19]郭丽君,王玉涛.沙枣种质资源特性及利用价值[J].中国野生植物资源,2008,27(5):32-34.
[20]董红云,朱振林,李新华,等.山东省盐碱地分布,改良利用现状与治理成效潜力分析[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(5):134-139.
[21]李国强.大白菜核心种质的构建与评价[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2008.
[22]文赤夫,董爱文,李国章,等.蒽酮比色法测定紫花地丁中总糖及还原糖含量[J].现代食品科技,2005,21(3):122-123.
[23]李泽鸿,管玉兵,练荣伟,等.三种方法测定苍耳VC含量的研究[J].北方园艺,2011(1):200-202.
[24]王永康,吴国良,赵爱玲,等.枣种质资源的表型遗传多样性[J].林业科学,2014,50(10):33-41.
[25]谢兰禹,王焕进,孟凡志.观赏果树在园林绿化中应用前景初探[J].山东林业科技,2017,47(3):115-119.
[26]张海平,房伟民,陈发棣,等.部分睡莲属植物形态性状的多样性分析[J].南京农业大学学报,2009,32(4):47-52.
[27]吴根松,孙丽丹,郝瑞杰,等.梅花种质资源表型多样性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(20):12008-12009.
[28]刘娟,廖康,曼苏尔,等.新疆杏种质资源表型多样性研究[J].果树学报,2014(6):1047-1056.
[29]李慧,冯涛,于玮玮,等.复合间作栽培模式对滨海盐渍土养分和有机质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(15):89-92.
[30]廉晓娟,王正祥,刘太祥,等.滨海盐土综合改良措施及效果分析[J].天津农业科学,2010,16(2):5-7.
[31]卢兴霞,周俊,杨静慧,等.两种林木栽植对滨海重盐碱地化学特性的影响[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,39(9):37-43.
[32]刘媛超.内蒙古河套灌区秋浇灌水作用及秋浇节水潜力浅析[J].内蒙古水利,2017(5):51-52.
[33]马晨,马履一,刘太祥,等.盐碱地改良利用技术研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2010,23(2):28-32.
[34]DJANAGUIRAMAN M,SHEEBA J A,SHANKER A K,et al.Rice can acclimate to lethal level of salinity by pretreatment with sublethal level of salinity through osmotic adjustment[J].Plant and Soil,2006,284(1-2):363-373.