无线传感器网络源节点位置隐私保护研究综述
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摘要
随着无线传感器网络技术的广泛应用,网络中存在的隐私问题也越来越受到关注,如何保证无线传感器节点不被潜在地泄露给恶意企图的攻击者,对于无线传感器网络可靠安全运行来说至关重要。阐述了基于随机路由策略、幻象路由策略、垃圾包策略、仿源节点策略的源节点位置隐私保护等方案的基本思路和目前的研究现状。总结了当前无线传感器网络源节点位置隐私保护中存在的问题,并给出未来改进的研究方向。
Wireless sensor networks(WSN)are widely deployed in many different fields,ranging from military applications to personal health monitoring. And the problem of location privacy is very important for its application,thus how to prevent source node location from finding out by malicious attackers is significant salience. In this paper,the strategies are discussed such as random routing,phantom routing,fake event packets,and simulative source. Their operational mechanism and research is analyzed systematically,and the problems and possible solutions for source location privacy preserving are pointed out. Finally,some futurere search directions are provided.
Wireless sensor networks(WSN)are widely deployed in many different fields,ranging from military applications to personal health monitoring. And the problem of location privacy is very important for its application,thus how to prevent source node location from finding out by malicious attackers is significant salience. In this paper,the strategies are discussed such as random routing,phantom routing,fake event packets,and simulative source. Their operational mechanism and research is analyzed systematically,and the problems and possible solutions for source location privacy preserving are pointed out. Finally,some futurere search directions are provided.
引文
[1]郑军,张宝贤.无线传感器网络技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2012.ZHENG Jun,ZHANG Baoxian.Techniwues for WirelessSensor Networks[M].Beijing:Machinery Industry Press,2012.
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[3]Ozturk C,Zhang Y,Trappe W.Source-location Privacyin Wireless Sensor Network Routing[C]//ACM SASN,Washington,DC,USA,2004:88-93.
[4]曾美丽.无线传感器网络中基于幻象路由的源位置隐私保护研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2014.ZENG Meili.Research on Phantom Routing Based SourceLocation Privacy Preservation Protocols in Wireless Sen-sor Networks[D].Changsha:Central South University,2014.
[5]Kamat P,Zhang Y,Trappe W,et al.Enhancing Source-lo-cation Privacy in Sensor Network Routing[C]//IEEE In-ternational Conference on Distributed Computing Sys-tems,2005:599-608.
[6]ZHANG L.A Self-adjusting Drected Random Walk Ap-proach for Enhancing Source-location Privacy in SensorNetwork Routing[C]//Proceedings of the 2006 Internation-al Conference on Wireless Communications and MobileComputing,ACM,2006:33-38.
[7]WEI P W,LIANG C,JIAN W.A Source-location PrivacyProtocol in WSN based on Locational Angle//IEEE Inter-national Conference on Communications,2008:1630-1634.
[8]赵泽茂,刘洋,张帆,等.基于角度和概率的WSN源位置隐私保护路由研究[J].山东大学学报(理学版),2013,48(9):1-9.ZHAO Zemao,LIU Yang,ZHANG Fan,et al.Research onSource Locaiton Privacy Routing Based on Angle and Probability in Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Journal of Shan-dong University(Natural Science),2013,48(9):1-9.
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[10]张亚楠,许勇,吴旭婧.基于随机角度的增强型源位置隐私保护协议[J].计算机工程与应用,2016,52(15):119-125.ZHANG Yanan,XU Yong,WU Xujing.Enhanced SourceLocaiton Privacy Preservation Protocol using Random An-gle[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2016,52(15):119-125.
[11]黄北北,冯勇,李修琪.无线传感器网络中基于角度的定向随机步幻影路由协议[J].传感器与微系统,2016,35(11):123-127.HUANG Beibei,FENG Yong,LI Xiuqi.Angle-based Di-rected Random Walk Phantom Routing Protocol forWSNs[J].Transducer and Microsystem Technologies,2016,35(11):123-127.
[12]Li S,Xiao Y,Lin Q,et al.A Novel Routing Strategy toProvide Source Location Privacy in Wireless Sensor Net-works[J].Wuhan University Journal of Natural Scienc-es,2016,21(4):298-306.
[13]Lightfoot L,Li Y,Ren J.Preserving Source-location Pri-vacy in Wireless Sensor Network using STa R Routing[C].IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference,2010:1-5.
[14]陈娟,方滨兴,殷丽华,等.传感器网络中基于源节点有限洪泛的源位置隐私保护协议[J].计算机学报,2010,33(9):1736-1747.CHEN Juan,FANG Binxing,YIN Lihua,et al.ASource-locaiton Privacy Preservation Protocol in Wire-less Sensor Networks Using Source-Based RestrictedFlooding[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2010,33(9):1736-1747.
[15]周玲玲,石润华,仲红,等.WSN中基于等高度路由的源位置隐私保护[J].计算机工程,2014,40(6):89-94.ZHOU Lingling,SHI Runhua,ZHONG Hong,et al.Source-location Privacy Preservstion Based on ConstantAltitude Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Com-puter Engineering,2014,40(6):89-94.
[16]孙美松,刘宴兵,黄俊.WSN中基于伪正态分布的幻影路由隐私保护方案[J].重庆邮电大学学报(自然科学版),2016,28(1):113-119.LIU Meisong,LIU Yanbing,HUANG Jun.Source-loca-tion Privacy Protection Strategy through Pseudo NormalDistribution-based Phantom Routing in WSN[J].Jour-nal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunica-tions(Natural Science Edition),2016,28(1):113-119.
[17]周瞭永,刘宴兵,桂明倩.基于幻影路由的增强型源位置隐私保护协议[J].重庆邮电大学学报(自然科学版),2016,28(2):219-225.ZHOU Liaoyong,LIU Yanbing,GUI Mingqian.En-hanced Protocol of Source-location Privacy PreservationBased on Phantom Routing[J].Journal of ChongqingUniversity of Posts and Telecommunications(Natural Sci-ence Edition),2016,28(2):219-225.
[18]Ouyang Y,Le Z,Chen G,et al.Entrapping Adversariesfor Source Protection in Sensor Networks[C]//Interna-tional Symposium on World of Wireless,Mobile&Multi-media Networks,2006:23-34.
[19]Yang Y,Shao M,Zhu S,et al.Towards StatisticallyStrong Source Anonymity for Sensor Networks[C]//Pro-ceedings of IEEE INFOCOM'08,2008:656-660.
[20]Luo X,Ji X,Park M S.Location Privacy against TrafficAnalysis Attacks in Wireless Sensor Network[C]//Inter-national Conference on Information Sciences&Applica-tions,2010:1-6.
[21]Chen H,Lou W.From Nowhere to Somewhere:Protect-ing End-to-end location Privacy in Wireless Sensor Net-works[C]//Proceedings of the 29th IEEE InternationalPerformance Computing and Communications,2010:1-8.
[22]张江南,褚春亮.无线传感器网络中源节点位置隐私保护方案研究[J].传感技术学报,2016,29(9):1405-1049.ZHANG Jiangnan,CHU Chunliang.A Scheme to Protectthe Source Location Privacy Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators,2016,29(9):1405-1049.
[23]Mehta K,Liu D,Wright M.Protecting Location Privacyin Sensor Networks against a Global Eavesdropper[J].IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing,2011,11(2):320-336.
[24]Yang Y,Shao M,Zhu M,et al.Towards Event SourceUnobservability with Minimum Network Traffic[C]//Pro-ceedings of the first ACM Conference on Wireless SensorNetworks,2008:1-8.
[25]施佳琪,吴孟.一种改进的源节点位置隐私保护方法[J].计算机技术与发展,2013,23(11):141-143.SHI Jiaqi,WU Meng.An Improved Method of SourceNode Location Privacy Protection[J].Computer Technol-ogy and Development,2013,23(11):141-143.
[2]冯秀芳,王丽娟,关志艳.无线传感器网络研究与应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2014.FENG Xiufang,WANG Lijuan,GUAN Zhiyan.WirelessSensor Networks and its Application[M].Beijing:Nation-al Defence Industry Press,2014.
[3]Ozturk C,Zhang Y,Trappe W.Source-location Privacyin Wireless Sensor Network Routing[C]//ACM SASN,Washington,DC,USA,2004:88-93.
[4]曾美丽.无线传感器网络中基于幻象路由的源位置隐私保护研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2014.ZENG Meili.Research on Phantom Routing Based SourceLocation Privacy Preservation Protocols in Wireless Sen-sor Networks[D].Changsha:Central South University,2014.
[5]Kamat P,Zhang Y,Trappe W,et al.Enhancing Source-lo-cation Privacy in Sensor Network Routing[C]//IEEE In-ternational Conference on Distributed Computing Sys-tems,2005:599-608.
[6]ZHANG L.A Self-adjusting Drected Random Walk Ap-proach for Enhancing Source-location Privacy in SensorNetwork Routing[C]//Proceedings of the 2006 Internation-al Conference on Wireless Communications and MobileComputing,ACM,2006:33-38.
[7]WEI P W,LIANG C,JIAN W.A Source-location PrivacyProtocol in WSN based on Locational Angle//IEEE Inter-national Conference on Communications,2008:1630-1634.
[8]赵泽茂,刘洋,张帆,等.基于角度和概率的WSN源位置隐私保护路由研究[J].山东大学学报(理学版),2013,48(9):1-9.ZHAO Zemao,LIU Yang,ZHANG Fan,et al.Research onSource Locaiton Privacy Routing Based on Angle and Probability in Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Journal of Shan-dong University(Natural Science),2013,48(9):1-9.
[9]易险峰,樊晓平.追踪时间受限的源节点位置隐私路由保护策略[J].小型微型计算机系统,2014,35(2):311-318.YI Xianfeng,FAN Xiaoping.Beyong Adversary TraceTime Routing Approach for Preserving Source Location inWSNs[J].Journal of Chinese Computer Systems,2014,35(2):311-318.
[10]张亚楠,许勇,吴旭婧.基于随机角度的增强型源位置隐私保护协议[J].计算机工程与应用,2016,52(15):119-125.ZHANG Yanan,XU Yong,WU Xujing.Enhanced SourceLocaiton Privacy Preservation Protocol using Random An-gle[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2016,52(15):119-125.
[11]黄北北,冯勇,李修琪.无线传感器网络中基于角度的定向随机步幻影路由协议[J].传感器与微系统,2016,35(11):123-127.HUANG Beibei,FENG Yong,LI Xiuqi.Angle-based Di-rected Random Walk Phantom Routing Protocol forWSNs[J].Transducer and Microsystem Technologies,2016,35(11):123-127.
[12]Li S,Xiao Y,Lin Q,et al.A Novel Routing Strategy toProvide Source Location Privacy in Wireless Sensor Net-works[J].Wuhan University Journal of Natural Scienc-es,2016,21(4):298-306.
[13]Lightfoot L,Li Y,Ren J.Preserving Source-location Pri-vacy in Wireless Sensor Network using STa R Routing[C].IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference,2010:1-5.
[14]陈娟,方滨兴,殷丽华,等.传感器网络中基于源节点有限洪泛的源位置隐私保护协议[J].计算机学报,2010,33(9):1736-1747.CHEN Juan,FANG Binxing,YIN Lihua,et al.ASource-locaiton Privacy Preservation Protocol in Wire-less Sensor Networks Using Source-Based RestrictedFlooding[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2010,33(9):1736-1747.
[15]周玲玲,石润华,仲红,等.WSN中基于等高度路由的源位置隐私保护[J].计算机工程,2014,40(6):89-94.ZHOU Lingling,SHI Runhua,ZHONG Hong,et al.Source-location Privacy Preservstion Based on ConstantAltitude Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Com-puter Engineering,2014,40(6):89-94.
[16]孙美松,刘宴兵,黄俊.WSN中基于伪正态分布的幻影路由隐私保护方案[J].重庆邮电大学学报(自然科学版),2016,28(1):113-119.LIU Meisong,LIU Yanbing,HUANG Jun.Source-loca-tion Privacy Protection Strategy through Pseudo NormalDistribution-based Phantom Routing in WSN[J].Jour-nal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunica-tions(Natural Science Edition),2016,28(1):113-119.
[17]周瞭永,刘宴兵,桂明倩.基于幻影路由的增强型源位置隐私保护协议[J].重庆邮电大学学报(自然科学版),2016,28(2):219-225.ZHOU Liaoyong,LIU Yanbing,GUI Mingqian.En-hanced Protocol of Source-location Privacy PreservationBased on Phantom Routing[J].Journal of ChongqingUniversity of Posts and Telecommunications(Natural Sci-ence Edition),2016,28(2):219-225.
[18]Ouyang Y,Le Z,Chen G,et al.Entrapping Adversariesfor Source Protection in Sensor Networks[C]//Interna-tional Symposium on World of Wireless,Mobile&Multi-media Networks,2006:23-34.
[19]Yang Y,Shao M,Zhu S,et al.Towards StatisticallyStrong Source Anonymity for Sensor Networks[C]//Pro-ceedings of IEEE INFOCOM'08,2008:656-660.
[20]Luo X,Ji X,Park M S.Location Privacy against TrafficAnalysis Attacks in Wireless Sensor Network[C]//Inter-national Conference on Information Sciences&Applica-tions,2010:1-6.
[21]Chen H,Lou W.From Nowhere to Somewhere:Protect-ing End-to-end location Privacy in Wireless Sensor Net-works[C]//Proceedings of the 29th IEEE InternationalPerformance Computing and Communications,2010:1-8.
[22]张江南,褚春亮.无线传感器网络中源节点位置隐私保护方案研究[J].传感技术学报,2016,29(9):1405-1049.ZHANG Jiangnan,CHU Chunliang.A Scheme to Protectthe Source Location Privacy Wireless Sensor Networks[J].Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators,2016,29(9):1405-1049.
[23]Mehta K,Liu D,Wright M.Protecting Location Privacyin Sensor Networks against a Global Eavesdropper[J].IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing,2011,11(2):320-336.
[24]Yang Y,Shao M,Zhu M,et al.Towards Event SourceUnobservability with Minimum Network Traffic[C]//Pro-ceedings of the first ACM Conference on Wireless SensorNetworks,2008:1-8.
[25]施佳琪,吴孟.一种改进的源节点位置隐私保护方法[J].计算机技术与发展,2013,23(11):141-143.SHI Jiaqi,WU Meng.An Improved Method of SourceNode Location Privacy Protection[J].Computer Technol-ogy and Development,2013,23(11):141-143.