基于高动态时间数字转换器的单光子探测器
|
摘要
为测量光子的飞行时间,提高激光雷达测距的距离并保证最小时间分辨率稳定性的问题,设计了像素级高动态范围16 bit时间数字转换器。用其对光子的飞行时间进行测量,时间分辨率小于330 ps,并设计采用Xfab 0.18μm CMOS工艺进行流片验证,结果表明,可探测距离达千米以上。
In order to measure the flight time of photons,and improve the distance of laser radar ranging and ensure the stability of minimum time resolution,A pixel-level high dynamic range 16-bit time-to-digital converter is designed. The resolution is less than 330 ps and the detectable distance is more than kilometers. This design uses Xfab 0. 18 μm CMOS process for tapeout verification.
In order to measure the flight time of photons,and improve the distance of laser radar ranging and ensure the stability of minimum time resolution,A pixel-level high dynamic range 16-bit time-to-digital converter is designed. The resolution is less than 330 ps and the detectable distance is more than kilometers. This design uses Xfab 0. 18 μm CMOS process for tapeout verification.
引文
[1]ZHENG Lixia,YANG Junhao,LIU Zhao,et al.Design and Implementation of Gm-APD Array Readout Integrated Circuit for Infrared 3D Imaging[J].SPIE,2016,8907(2):44-53.
[2]VILELLA E,COMERMA A,ALONSO O,et al.Gated Geiger Mode Avalanche Photodiode Pixels with Integrated Readout Electronics for Low Noise Photon Detection[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research,2012,695(23):218-221.
[3]COVA S,GHIONI M,LACAITA A,et al.Avalanche Photodiodes and Quenching Circuits for Single-Photon Detection[J].Optical Society of America,1996,35(12):1956-1976.
[4]COVA S,GHIONI M,LACAITA A,et al.Avalanche Photodiodes and Quenching Circuits for Single-Photon Detection[J].Applied Optics,1996(35):1956-1976.
[5]ANDREA GALLIVANONI,IVAN RECH,MASSIMO GHIONI.Progress in Quenching Circuits for Single Photon Avalanche Diodes[J].IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science,2010,57(6):3815-3826.
[6]VORNICU I,CARMONA-GALIN,RODRAGUEZ-VAZQUEZ,et al.A SPAD-Based 3D Imager with In-Pixel TDC for 145 psAccuracy To F Measurement[J].SPIE,2015(9403):1-6.
[7]JUSTIN RICHARDSON,RICHARD WALKER,LINDSAY GRANT,et al.A 32×32 50 ps Resolution 10 bit Time to Digital Converter Array in 130 nm CMOS for Time Correlated Imaging[J].IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference,2009(51):77-80.
[8]CHRISTOPHER DRIES J,BRIAN MILES,ROGER STETTNER.A 32×32 Pixel FLASH Laser Radar System Incorporating In Ga As PIN and APD Detectors[J].SPIE,2004,54(12):12-16.
[9]ZHANG Wei,HU Youde,CUI Keji,et al.Design of a Standing Wave Oscillator Based PLL[J].IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems,2017(16):559-562.
[10]ALI HAJIMIRI,SOTIRIOS LIMOTYRAKIS,THOMAS H.Lee.Jitter and Phase Noise in Ring Oscillators[J].IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,2002,34(6):790-804.
[2]VILELLA E,COMERMA A,ALONSO O,et al.Gated Geiger Mode Avalanche Photodiode Pixels with Integrated Readout Electronics for Low Noise Photon Detection[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research,2012,695(23):218-221.
[3]COVA S,GHIONI M,LACAITA A,et al.Avalanche Photodiodes and Quenching Circuits for Single-Photon Detection[J].Optical Society of America,1996,35(12):1956-1976.
[4]COVA S,GHIONI M,LACAITA A,et al.Avalanche Photodiodes and Quenching Circuits for Single-Photon Detection[J].Applied Optics,1996(35):1956-1976.
[5]ANDREA GALLIVANONI,IVAN RECH,MASSIMO GHIONI.Progress in Quenching Circuits for Single Photon Avalanche Diodes[J].IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science,2010,57(6):3815-3826.
[6]VORNICU I,CARMONA-GALIN,RODRAGUEZ-VAZQUEZ,et al.A SPAD-Based 3D Imager with In-Pixel TDC for 145 psAccuracy To F Measurement[J].SPIE,2015(9403):1-6.
[7]JUSTIN RICHARDSON,RICHARD WALKER,LINDSAY GRANT,et al.A 32×32 50 ps Resolution 10 bit Time to Digital Converter Array in 130 nm CMOS for Time Correlated Imaging[J].IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference,2009(51):77-80.
[8]CHRISTOPHER DRIES J,BRIAN MILES,ROGER STETTNER.A 32×32 Pixel FLASH Laser Radar System Incorporating In Ga As PIN and APD Detectors[J].SPIE,2004,54(12):12-16.
[9]ZHANG Wei,HU Youde,CUI Keji,et al.Design of a Standing Wave Oscillator Based PLL[J].IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems,2017(16):559-562.
[10]ALI HAJIMIRI,SOTIRIOS LIMOTYRAKIS,THOMAS H.Lee.Jitter and Phase Noise in Ring Oscillators[J].IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,2002,34(6):790-804.