激光起爆技术在工程爆破中应用的可行性综述
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摘要
文章结合工程爆破技术的特点,首先对激光起爆系统进行了重新划分,然后着重讨论了激光雷管结构设计制造、药剂选择及制造工艺、激光器、光能传输网络及系统连接与检测方式等关键技术。在当前的激光起爆技术水平下结合我国民用工程爆破特点,激光起爆技术运用在工程爆破领域,从技术和成本方面均具有实用性和可行性,并值得在未来的工程爆破中提升整个爆破技术的安全技术水平。
Combined with the characteristics of engineering blasting technology,the laser initiation system was redefined. Then the key technologies in terms of the structure design and manufacture of laser detonator,selection and manufacturing technology of chemicals,laser,optical transmission network,system connect and detecting method were discussed in detail. Combining laser blasting technology with industrial engineering blasting in the current laser initiation technology used in engineering blasting are practical and feasible from the aspects of technology and cost,and are worth of raising the safety technology level of the whole blasting technology in engineering blasting in the future.
Combined with the characteristics of engineering blasting technology,the laser initiation system was redefined. Then the key technologies in terms of the structure design and manufacture of laser detonator,selection and manufacturing technology of chemicals,laser,optical transmission network,system connect and detecting method were discussed in detail. Combining laser blasting technology with industrial engineering blasting in the current laser initiation technology used in engineering blasting are practical and feasible from the aspects of technology and cost,and are worth of raising the safety technology level of the whole blasting technology in engineering blasting in the future.
引文
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[18]曹椿强,鲁建存,刘举鹏,等.大功率激光两分束无源耦合器的优化设计[J].火工品,2006(2):38-40.Cao Chunqiang,Lu Jiancun,Liu Jupeng,et al.Optimization design of passive coupler with two-way splitter for high-power laser[J].Initiators&Pyrotechnics,2006(2):38-40.
[19]李钰,张阔海,李强,等.大功率激光光纤耦合技术研究[J].应用激光,2004,24(5):276-278.Li Yu,Zhang Kuohai,Li Qiang,et al.Research on fiber optic coupling for the high-power laser beam[J].Applied Laser,2004,24(5):276-278.
[20]周崇喜,刘银辉,谢伟民,等.大功率半导体激光器阵列光束光纤耦合研究[J].中国激光,2004,31(11):1296-1300.Zhou Chongxi,Liu Yinhui,Xie Weimin,et al.Analysis and design of fiber coupled high-power laser diode array[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2004,31(11):1296-1300.
[21]李乐霞,贺岭.激光起爆与点火系统中光纤连接器[J].火工品,2002(1):12-14.Li Lexia,He Ling.Optical fiber connector in the laser initiating system[J].Initiators&Pyrotechnics,2002(1):12-14.
[22]Fahey W D,Carvalho J E.Optical Built-in Test(BIT)for laser(diode)initiation systems[C]//38th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Prcpuleion Conference&Exhibit.Reston:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2002.
[23]廖延彪.光纤光学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.Liao Yanbiao.Fiber optics[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2000.
[2]Sumpter D.Laser-initiated ordnance for air-to-air missiles[C]//NASA.Stennis Space Center,The First NASA Aerospace Pyrotechnic Systems Workshop.1993:137-147.
[3]崔卫东,朱升成,史红漫,等.光纤对激光起爆系统的影响[J].火工品,2000(3):34-37.Cui Weidong,Zhu Shengcheng,Shi Hongman,et al.Effects of optical fiber on laser firing and initiating system[J].Initiators&Pyrotechnics,2000(3):34-37.
[4]杜力.激光起爆系统[J].工业安全与防尘,1993(6):44-47.
[5]党瑞荣,李甲连.激光点火与起爆系统[J].探测与控制学报,1999,21(3):3-6,18.Dang Ruirong,Li Jialian.A laser firing and initiating system[J].Journal of Detection&Control,1999,21(3):3-6,18.
[6]Yong L D,Nguyen T,Wasch J.Laser initiation of explosives,pyrotechnics and propellants:a review[R].New York:Department of Defence,1995.
[7]盛涤伦,朱雅红,陈利魁,等.激光与含能化合物相互作用机理研究[J].含能材料,2008,16(5):481-486.Sheng Dilun,Zhu Yahong,Chen Likui,et al.Interactional mechanism between laser and energetic compound[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2008,16(5):481-486.
[8]Hafenrichter E S,Marshall B W,Fleming K J.Fast laser diode ignition of confined BNCP[C]//AIAA,41st Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit.Nevads,2003.
[9]盛涤伦,马凤娥.新型起爆药DACP的合成及主要性能[J].含能材料,2006,14(3):161-164.Sheng Dilun,Ma Feng'e.Synthesis and main properties of new inictiating explosive DACP[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2006,14(3):161-164.
[10]盛涤纶,马凤娥,孙飞龙,等.BNCP起爆药的合成及其主要性能[J].含能材料,2000,8(3):100-103.Sheng Dilun,Ma Feng'e,Sun Feilong,et al.Study on synthesis and main properties of BNCP[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2000,8(3):100-103.
[11]Fronaberger J W,Sanborn W B,Massis T.Recent activities in the development of the explosive:BNCP[C]//Proceedings of 22nd International Pyrotechnics Seminar.US:Pacific Scientific,1996.645-652.
[12]王凯民,符绿化,杨志强.激光点火系统的设计[J].火工品,1996(2):31-37.Wang Kaimin,Fu Lühua,Yang Zhiqiang.Design of laser ignition system[J].Initiators&Pyrotechnics,1996(2):31-37.
[13]Chenault C F,Mccrae J E.Bryson R R,et al.The small ICBM laser ordnance firing system[R].AIAA Space Progtams and Technologies Conference,1992.
[14]贺爱锋,刘彦义,鲁建存,等.脉冲半导体激光器的温度补偿[J].含能材料,2004,12(增刊2):618-621.He Aifeng,Liu Yanyi,Lu Jiancun,et al.Temperature compensattion of laser diode operating in pulse mode[J].Energetic Materials,2004,12(Sup.2):618-621.
[15]朱升成,鲁建存,孙同举,等.含能材料对激光点火感度的影响[J].火工品,2000(4):19-22.Zhu Shengcheng,Lu Jiancun,Sun Tongju,et al.The influence of energetic materials on laser igniting sensitivity[J].Initiators&Pyrotechnics,2000(4):19-22.
[16]孙文,周钢.大功率光纤传输连续激光焊接系统[J].中国机械工程,2002,13(21):1834-1837.
[17]王晓薇,方高瞻,王颖,等.60W半导体激光器光纤耦合器件[J].高技术通讯,2003(11):35-37.Wang Xiaowei,Fang Gaozhan,Wang Ying,et al.60W semiconductor laser fiber coupling device[J].High Technology Letters,2003(11):35-37.
[18]曹椿强,鲁建存,刘举鹏,等.大功率激光两分束无源耦合器的优化设计[J].火工品,2006(2):38-40.Cao Chunqiang,Lu Jiancun,Liu Jupeng,et al.Optimization design of passive coupler with two-way splitter for high-power laser[J].Initiators&Pyrotechnics,2006(2):38-40.
[19]李钰,张阔海,李强,等.大功率激光光纤耦合技术研究[J].应用激光,2004,24(5):276-278.Li Yu,Zhang Kuohai,Li Qiang,et al.Research on fiber optic coupling for the high-power laser beam[J].Applied Laser,2004,24(5):276-278.
[20]周崇喜,刘银辉,谢伟民,等.大功率半导体激光器阵列光束光纤耦合研究[J].中国激光,2004,31(11):1296-1300.Zhou Chongxi,Liu Yinhui,Xie Weimin,et al.Analysis and design of fiber coupled high-power laser diode array[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2004,31(11):1296-1300.
[21]李乐霞,贺岭.激光起爆与点火系统中光纤连接器[J].火工品,2002(1):12-14.Li Lexia,He Ling.Optical fiber connector in the laser initiating system[J].Initiators&Pyrotechnics,2002(1):12-14.
[22]Fahey W D,Carvalho J E.Optical Built-in Test(BIT)for laser(diode)initiation systems[C]//38th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Prcpuleion Conference&Exhibit.Reston:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2002.
[23]廖延彪.光纤光学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.Liao Yanbiao.Fiber optics[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2000.