毕加索小丑鱼胚胎发育的形态学观察
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摘要
通过人工模拟自然环境,饲养毕加索小丑鱼直至性成熟,观察其繁殖习性及胚胎发育过程中不同时期的形态变化.结果表明,毕加索小丑鱼的胚胎发育主要经历受精卵期→胚盘期→卵裂期→囊胚期→原肠胚期→神经胚期→器官形成期→孵化期等.毕加索小丑鱼每次产卵量为300~600粒左右,黏性卵,成片附着于瓦盆上,种鱼具有明显的护卵行为.受精卵为橘黄色,长椭圆形,长径2.2±0.1 mm,短径0.92±0.10 mm.在26±1℃水温条件下,毕加索小丑鱼的胚胎发育过程大约需要217 h左右.
The study was carried out to investigate the breeding habits and the changes of morphological character during the embryonic development of Picasso clownfish. The fish was cultured to mature and spawn in artificial condition. The results showed that the process of embryonic development includes zygote stage,cleavage stage,blastula stage,blastoderm stage,gastrula,neurula stage,organogenesis stage and hatching stage. About 300 ~ 600 eggs were produced each time and the fertilized eggs were attached to the earthen pot. The color of the embryo is orangeyellow and the adhesive fertilized eggs,which were ellipsoidal,were 2. 2 ± 0. 1 mm long and 0. 92 ± 0. 10 mm in diameter. It took about 217 h to complete the whole incubation period at 26 ± 1℃.
The study was carried out to investigate the breeding habits and the changes of morphological character during the embryonic development of Picasso clownfish. The fish was cultured to mature and spawn in artificial condition. The results showed that the process of embryonic development includes zygote stage,cleavage stage,blastula stage,blastoderm stage,gastrula,neurula stage,organogenesis stage and hatching stage. About 300 ~ 600 eggs were produced each time and the fertilized eggs were attached to the earthen pot. The color of the embryo is orangeyellow and the adhesive fertilized eggs,which were ellipsoidal,were 2. 2 ± 0. 1 mm long and 0. 92 ± 0. 10 mm in diameter. It took about 217 h to complete the whole incubation period at 26 ± 1℃.
引文
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[15]鞠晨曦,李云,刘红,等.眼斑双锯鱼胚胎发育的形态学观察[J].海洋渔业,2014,36(1):8-15.
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[19]Pathiyasevee U.Egg-laying behaviour and growth of false clown anemonefish,Amphiprion ocellaris(Cuvier,1830)[Z].Bangkok,Thailand:National Institute of Coastal Aquaculture,Department of Fisheries,1994.
[2]滕力平,杨担光,李晓光,等.二线小丑鱼的人工繁殖[J].水产科学,2005,24(2):26-28.
[3]鲍鹰,张鹏,祝承勇,等.红小丑人工繁殖和育苗的初步研究[J].海洋科学,2009,33(2):26-28.
[4]鲍鹰,张鹏,祝承勇,等.棘颊雀鲷人工繁殖与育苗的初步研究[J].海洋科学,2001,35(3):67-71.
[5]单乐州,邵鑫斌,闫茂仓,等.透红小丑鱼的繁殖习性、胚胎发育和胚后发育[J].水产科技情报,2015,42(1):25-29.
[6]Ignatius B,Rathore G,Jagadis I,et al.Spawning and larval rearing technique for tropical clown fish Amphiprion sebae under captive condition[J].Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics,2001,16(3):241-249.
[7]Madhu K,Madhu R.Successful breeding of common clownfish Amphiprion percula under captive conditions in Andaman and Nicobar Island[J].Fish Chimes,2002,22(9):16-17.
[8]Dhaneesh K V,Ajith Kumar T T,Shunmugaraj T.Embryonic development of percula clown fish,Amphiprion percula(Lacepede,1802)[J].Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research,2009,4(2):84-89.
[9]Ho Y S,Chen C M,Chen W Y.Breeding behavior of the pink clownfish(Amphiprion perideraion)and its larval rearing study[J].Journal of Fisheries Society of Taiwan,2005,32(1):25-26.
[10]Dhaneesh K V,Nanthini Devi K,Ajith Kumar T T,et al.Breeding embryonic development and salinity tolerance of Skunk clownfish Amphiprion akallopisos[J].Journal of King Saud University Science,2012,24(3):201-209.
[11]Sukjai R,Pisut M,Amara T,et al.Embryonic development of saddleback anemone fish,Amphiprion polymnus,Linnaeus(1758)[J].Kasetsart Journal Natural Science,2005,39(3):455-463.
[12]Yasir I,Qin J.Embryology and early ontogeny of an anemone fish Amphiprion ocellaris[J].Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom,2007,87(4):1 025-1 033.
[13]Liew H J,Ambak M A,Abol-Munafi A B.Embryonic development of clownfish,Amphiprion ocellaris under laboratory conditions[J].Journal of Sustainability Science and Management,2006,1(1):64-73.
[14]王斌,王士莉,杨爱国,等.眼斑双锯鱼的人工繁育技术研究[J].渔业科学进展,2010,31(5):41-46.
[15]鞠晨曦,李云,刘红,等.眼斑双锯鱼胚胎发育的形态学观察[J].海洋渔业,2014,36(1):8-15.
[16]Wilkerson D J.Clownfishes.A guide to their captive care breeding and natural history[M].Shelburne Vermont:Microcosm Limited,2001.
[17]Delsman H C.Fish eggs and larvae from the Java Sea[M].Batavia:Linnaeus Press,1931:367-370.
[18]Moyer J T,Nakazono A.Protandrous hermaphroditsm in six species of the anemone fish genus Amphiprion in Japan[J].Japanese Journal of Ichthyology,1978,25:101-106.
[19]Pathiyasevee U.Egg-laying behaviour and growth of false clown anemonefish,Amphiprion ocellaris(Cuvier,1830)[Z].Bangkok,Thailand:National Institute of Coastal Aquaculture,Department of Fisheries,1994.