荧光假单胞菌与红绒盖牛肝菌共接种对杨树根际土壤酶活性及微生物多样性的影响
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摘要
【目的】探究荧光假单胞菌与红绒盖牛肝菌共接种条件下NL-895杨根际土壤酶活性和土壤微生物功能多样性的变化,从微生态水平揭示溶磷细菌与外生菌根真菌互作对NL-895杨的促生机制。【方法】采用盆栽试验考察荧光假单胞菌JW-JS1与红绒盖牛肝菌(Xc)共接种后NL-895杨根际土壤酶(酸性磷酸酶、脱氢酶和转化酶)的活性变化,并通过BIOLOG微孔板法分析共接种对NL-895杨根际土壤微生物群落和功能多样性的影响。【结果】从整体趋势来看,不同接种处理后NL-895杨根际土壤酶活性均有所增强,土壤酸性磷酸酶、脱氢酶和转化酶活性均大于对照,其中,共接种JW-JS1+Xc处理对土壤酸性磷酸酶和转化酶活性的促进最为明显;接种150天后,不同接种处理土壤微生物的AWCD值均高于CK(培养24～48 h除外),且随着培养时间的延长呈先上升后稳定的趋势;培养96 h后,共接种JW-JS1+Xc处理土壤微生物McIntosh优势度指数和碳源利用丰富度指数显著高于单接种Xc或JW-JS1和CK(P<0.05),而Shannon丰富度指数和Simpson优势度指数显著低于单接种Xc或JW-JS1和CK(P<0.05);不同接种处理NL-895杨根际土壤微生物对BIOLOG微孔板中6大类碳源的利用能力差异显著(P<0.05)。【结论】荧光假单胞菌JW-JS1与外生菌根真菌Xc共接种对NL-895杨根际土壤酶活性和土壤微生物功能多样性的提高具有一定的促进作用,有利于其土壤肥力的改善,进而促进NL-895杨的生长。与单接种相比,溶磷细菌与外生菌根真菌共接种可更有效地提高杨树根际土壤酶活性和土壤微生物多样性。
【Objective】 Under co-inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens JW-JS1 and Xerocomus chrysenteron, the changes of enzyme activity and the microbial functional diversity in rhizosphere soil of NL-895 Poplar were studied to reveal the interaction mechanism by co-inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and ectomycorrhizal fungi at the micro-ecological level. 【Method】 A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of co-inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens JW-JS1 and Xerocomus chrysenteron(Xc) on the activities of soil enzymes(acid phosphatase, dehydrogenase and invertase), and the BIOLOG microplate method was applied to assay the microbial community and its function diversity in rhizosphere soil of NL-895 Poplar. 【Result】 The results showed that the soil enzymes activities(acid phosphatase, dehydrogenase and invertase) in rhizosphere of NL-895 Poplar with different inoculation were all higher than those of control, especially for acid phosphatase and invertase when co-inoculation with JW-JS1 and Xc. The BIOLOG plates analysis showed that AWCD values on day 150 after inoculation were generally higher than those of control(except for 24 hour and 48 hour), and the value first increased then stabilized with the prolongation of incubation time. After 96 hour incubation, the McIntosh index and Richness index of co-inoculation with JW-JS1+Xc were higher than single inoculation with Xc or JW-JS1 and those of control(P<0.05), but the Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index were significantly lower(P<0.05). There was significant difference in the utilization ability of six carbon sources in BIOLOG microplates by soil microorganism in rhizosphere of NL-895 Poplar with different inoculation treatments(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The co-inoculation of Pseudomonas fluorescens JW-JS1 and Xerocomus chrysenteron may play roles in improving the activities of soil enzymes and enriching soil microbial communities. All of these are conductive to improve soil fertility and promote the growth of NL-895 poplar. The results also showed that co-inoculation with PSB + ECF could effectively increase the activity of soil enzymes and improve soil biodiversity compared with single inoculation with PSB or ECF, which could provide a theoretical basis for developing the compound microbial fertilizer in the future.
【Objective】 Under co-inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens JW-JS1 and Xerocomus chrysenteron, the changes of enzyme activity and the microbial functional diversity in rhizosphere soil of NL-895 Poplar were studied to reveal the interaction mechanism by co-inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and ectomycorrhizal fungi at the micro-ecological level. 【Method】 A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of co-inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens JW-JS1 and Xerocomus chrysenteron(Xc) on the activities of soil enzymes(acid phosphatase, dehydrogenase and invertase), and the BIOLOG microplate method was applied to assay the microbial community and its function diversity in rhizosphere soil of NL-895 Poplar. 【Result】 The results showed that the soil enzymes activities(acid phosphatase, dehydrogenase and invertase) in rhizosphere of NL-895 Poplar with different inoculation were all higher than those of control, especially for acid phosphatase and invertase when co-inoculation with JW-JS1 and Xc. The BIOLOG plates analysis showed that AWCD values on day 150 after inoculation were generally higher than those of control(except for 24 hour and 48 hour), and the value first increased then stabilized with the prolongation of incubation time. After 96 hour incubation, the McIntosh index and Richness index of co-inoculation with JW-JS1+Xc were higher than single inoculation with Xc or JW-JS1 and those of control(P<0.05), but the Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index were significantly lower(P<0.05). There was significant difference in the utilization ability of six carbon sources in BIOLOG microplates by soil microorganism in rhizosphere of NL-895 Poplar with different inoculation treatments(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The co-inoculation of Pseudomonas fluorescens JW-JS1 and Xerocomus chrysenteron may play roles in improving the activities of soil enzymes and enriching soil microbial communities. All of these are conductive to improve soil fertility and promote the growth of NL-895 poplar. The results also showed that co-inoculation with PSB + ECF could effectively increase the activity of soil enzymes and improve soil biodiversity compared with single inoculation with PSB or ECF, which could provide a theoretical basis for developing the compound microbial fertilizer in the future.
引文
曹慧, 孙辉, 杨浩, 等. 2003. 土壤酶活性及其对土壤质量的指示研究进展. 应用与环境生物学报, 9(1): 105-109.(Cao H, Sun H, Yang H, et al. 2003. A review: soil enzyme activity and its indication for soil quality. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 9(1): 105-109. [in Chinese])
付晓峰, 张桂萍, 张小伟, 等. 2016. 溶磷细菌和丛枝菌根真菌接种对南方红豆杉生长及根际微生物和土壤酶活性的影响. 西北植物学报, 36(2): 353-360.(Fu X F, Zhang G P, Zhang X W, et al. 2016. Effects of PSB and AMF on growth microorganisms and soil enzyme activities in the rhizosphere of Taxus chinensis var. mairei seedlings. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 36(2): 353-360. [in Chinese])
关松荫. 1986. 土壤酶及其研究法. 北京: 农业出版社.(Guan S Y. 1986. Methods of soil enzymes. Beijing: Agriculture Publishing House. [in Chinese])
孔维栋, 刘可星, 廖宗文,等. 2005. 不同腐熟程度有机物料对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响. 生态学报, 25(9): 2291-2296.(Kong W D, Liu K X, Liao Z W, et al. 2005. Effects of organic matters on metabolic functional diversity of soil microbial community under pot incubation conditions. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 25(9): 2291-2296. [in Chinese])
李世贵. 2010. 两种木霉菌对黄瓜枯萎病菌生防作用及根际土壤微生物影响研究. 北京: 中国农业科学院博士学位论文.(Li S G. 2010. Biocontrol action of two Trichoderma species against Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. cucumerinum and the effects on soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere. Beijing: PhD thesis of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. [in Chinese])
刘辉,吴小芹,任嘉红,等. 2012. 荧光假单胞菌及红绒盖牛肝菌接种对 NL-895 杨生长和光合特征的影响. 西部林业科学, 41(1): 53-59.(Liu H, Wu X Q, Ren J H, et al. 2012. Effect of inoculating Pesudomonas fluorenscens and Xerocomus chrysenteron on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of NL-895 poplar. Journal of West China Forestry Science, 41(1): 53-59. [in Chinese])
罗希茜,郝晓晖,陈涛,等. 2009. 长期不同施肥对稻田土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响. 生态学报, 29(2): 740-748.(Luo X Q, Hao X H, Chen T, et al. 2009. Effects of long-term different fertilization on microbial community functional diversity in paddy soil. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 29(2): 740-748. [in Chinese])
潘超美, 郭庆荣, 邱桥姐, 等. 2000. VA 菌根真菌对玉米生长及根际土壤微生态环境的影响. 土壤与环境, 9(4): 304-306.(Pang C M, Guo Q R, Qü Q J, et al. 2000. Effect of VAM fungus on the growth of core and micro-ecological environment of core rhizosphere. Soil and Environmental Sciences, 9(4): 304-306. [in Chinese])
任嘉红, 李浩, 刘辉, 等. 2016. 吡咯伯克霍尔德氏菌JK-SH007对杨树根际微生物数量及功能多样性的影响. 林业科学, 52(5): 126-133.(Ren J H, Li H, Liu H, et al. 2016. Influence of Burkholderia pyrrocinia JK-SH007 on the microbial population and functional diversity of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of poplar. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 52(5): 126-133. [in Chinese])
盛江梅, 吴小芹, 侯亮亮. 2014. 黑松-黄色须腹菌共生体根际菌根辅助细菌的筛选及鉴定. 东北林业大学学报, 42(5): 110-114.(Sheng J M, Wu X Q, Hou L L. 2014. Isolating and identifying mycorrhiza helper bacteria from the rhizosphere soil of Pinus thunbergii inoculated with Rhizipogen luteous. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 42(5): 110-114. [in Chinese])
田雅楠,王红旗. 2011. Biolog法在环境微生物功能多样性研究中的应用. 环境科学与技术, 34(3): 50-57.(Tian Y N, Wang H Q. 2011. Application of Biolog to study of environmental microbial function diversity. Environmental Science and Technology, 34(3): 50-57. [in Chinese])
武晓森,周晓琳,曹凤明,等. 2015. 不同施肥处理对玉米产量及土壤酶活性的影响. 中国土壤与肥料,(1): 44-49.(Wu X S, Zhou X L, Cao F M, et al. 2015. Effects of different fertilization on the corn yield and soil enzyme activity in corn growth period. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,(1): 44-49. [in Chinese])
徐万里, 唐光木, 葛春辉,等. 2015. 长期施肥对新疆灰漠土土壤微生物群落结构与功能多样性的影响. 生态学报, 35(2): 468-477.(Xu W L, Tang G M, Ge C H, et al. 2015. Effects of long-term fertilization on diversities of soil microbial community structure and function in grey desert soil of Xinjiang. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 35(2): 468-477. [in Chinese])
姚如斌, 吴小芹. 2012. 高效解磷细菌与菌根真菌菌剂交互作用对杨树的促生效应. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版, 36(5): 170-173.(Yao R B, Wu X Q. 2012. Interaction between high effective phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi and its effects on poplar growth. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Science Edition,36(5): 170-173. [in Chinese])
余贤美, 安淼, 王海荣, 等. 2014. 枯草芽孢杆菌Bs-15 对板栗土壤微生物种群数量及功能多样性的影响. 生态环境学报, 23(4): 598-602.(Yu X M, An M, Wang H R, et al. 2014. Influence of Bacillus subtilis Bs-15 on the microbial population and functional diversity of microbial communities in the chestnut soil. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 23(4): 598-602. [in Chinese])
曾丽琼. 2010. 几种优良外生菌根菌的应用和胶丸菌剂的制备. 南京: 南京林业大学硕士学位论文.(Zeng L Q. 2010. Field application of ectomcorrhizal fungi and study on the process of capsules microbial agent. Nanjing: MS thesis of Nanjing Forestry University. [in Chinese])
张昕, 张炳欣, 喻景权, 等. 2005. 生防菌ZJY-1及ZJY-116的GFP标记及其在黄瓜根围的生态适应性. 应用生态学报, 16(11): 2144-2148.(Zhang X, Zhang B X, Yu J Q, et al. 2002. Labeling of biocontrol agents ZJY-1 and ZJY-116 gfp gene and its ecological adaptability in cucumber rhizosphere. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 16(11): 2144-2148. [in Chinese])
郑华, 陈法霖, 欧阳志云, 等. 2007. 不同森林土壤微生物群落对 Biolog-GN 板碳源的利用. 环境科学, 28(5): 1126-1130.(Zheng H, Chen F L, Ouyang Z Y, et al. 2007. Utilization of different carbon sources types in Biolog-GN microplates by soil microbial communities from four forest types. Environmental Science, 28(5): 1126-1130. [in Chinese])
中国科学院南京土壤研究所微生物室. 1985. 土壤微生物研究法. 北京: 科学出版社.(Nanjing Soil Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1985. Methods for soil microorganism. Beijing: Science Press. [in Chinese])
Abbasi M K, Sharif S, Kazmi M, et al. 2011. Isolation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from wheat rhizosphere and their effect on improving growth, yield and nutrient uptake of plants. Plant Biosystems, 145(1): 159-168.
Bouhraoua D, Aarab S, Laglaout A, et al. 2015 Phosphate solubilizing bacteria efficiency on mycorrhization and growth of peanut in the northwest of Morocco. American Journal of Microbiological Research, 3(5): 176-180.
Duponnois R, Plenchette C. 2003. A mycorrhiza helper bacterium enhances ectomycorrhizal and endomycorrhizal symbiosis of Australian Acacia species. Mycorrhiza, 13(2): 85-91.
Garland J L. 1997. Analysis and interpretation of community-level physiological profiles in microbial ecology. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 24(4): 289-300.
Graham M H, Haynes R J. 2005. Catabolic diversity of soil microbial communities under sugarcane and other land uses estimated by Biolog and substrate-induced respiration methods. Applied Soil Ecology, 29(2): 155-164.
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Kim K Y, Jordan D, McDonald G A. 1998. Effect of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae on tomato growth and soil microbial activity. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 26(2): 79-87.
Moscatelli M C, Fonck M, De Angelis P, et al. 2001. Mediterranean natural forest living at elevated carbon dioxide: soil biological properties and plant biomass growth. Soil Use and Management, 17(3): 195-202.
Tabatabai M A, Bremner J M. 1969. Use of p-nitrophenyl phosphate for assay of soil phosphatase activity. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1(4): 301-307.
Zaidi A, Khan M S. 2007. Stimulatory effects of dual inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on chickpea. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 47(8): 1016-1022.
Zhang H H, Tang M, Chen H, et al. 2010. Effects of inoculation with ectomycorrhizal fungi on microbial biomass and bacterial functional diversity in the rhizosphere of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings. European Journal of Soil Biology, 46(1): 55-61.
付晓峰, 张桂萍, 张小伟, 等. 2016. 溶磷细菌和丛枝菌根真菌接种对南方红豆杉生长及根际微生物和土壤酶活性的影响. 西北植物学报, 36(2): 353-360.(Fu X F, Zhang G P, Zhang X W, et al. 2016. Effects of PSB and AMF on growth microorganisms and soil enzyme activities in the rhizosphere of Taxus chinensis var. mairei seedlings. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 36(2): 353-360. [in Chinese])
关松荫. 1986. 土壤酶及其研究法. 北京: 农业出版社.(Guan S Y. 1986. Methods of soil enzymes. Beijing: Agriculture Publishing House. [in Chinese])
孔维栋, 刘可星, 廖宗文,等. 2005. 不同腐熟程度有机物料对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响. 生态学报, 25(9): 2291-2296.(Kong W D, Liu K X, Liao Z W, et al. 2005. Effects of organic matters on metabolic functional diversity of soil microbial community under pot incubation conditions. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 25(9): 2291-2296. [in Chinese])
李世贵. 2010. 两种木霉菌对黄瓜枯萎病菌生防作用及根际土壤微生物影响研究. 北京: 中国农业科学院博士学位论文.(Li S G. 2010. Biocontrol action of two Trichoderma species against Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. cucumerinum and the effects on soil microorganisms in the rhizosphere. Beijing: PhD thesis of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. [in Chinese])
刘辉,吴小芹,任嘉红,等. 2012. 荧光假单胞菌及红绒盖牛肝菌接种对 NL-895 杨生长和光合特征的影响. 西部林业科学, 41(1): 53-59.(Liu H, Wu X Q, Ren J H, et al. 2012. Effect of inoculating Pesudomonas fluorenscens and Xerocomus chrysenteron on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of NL-895 poplar. Journal of West China Forestry Science, 41(1): 53-59. [in Chinese])
罗希茜,郝晓晖,陈涛,等. 2009. 长期不同施肥对稻田土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响. 生态学报, 29(2): 740-748.(Luo X Q, Hao X H, Chen T, et al. 2009. Effects of long-term different fertilization on microbial community functional diversity in paddy soil. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 29(2): 740-748. [in Chinese])
潘超美, 郭庆荣, 邱桥姐, 等. 2000. VA 菌根真菌对玉米生长及根际土壤微生态环境的影响. 土壤与环境, 9(4): 304-306.(Pang C M, Guo Q R, Qü Q J, et al. 2000. Effect of VAM fungus on the growth of core and micro-ecological environment of core rhizosphere. Soil and Environmental Sciences, 9(4): 304-306. [in Chinese])
任嘉红, 李浩, 刘辉, 等. 2016. 吡咯伯克霍尔德氏菌JK-SH007对杨树根际微生物数量及功能多样性的影响. 林业科学, 52(5): 126-133.(Ren J H, Li H, Liu H, et al. 2016. Influence of Burkholderia pyrrocinia JK-SH007 on the microbial population and functional diversity of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of poplar. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 52(5): 126-133. [in Chinese])
盛江梅, 吴小芹, 侯亮亮. 2014. 黑松-黄色须腹菌共生体根际菌根辅助细菌的筛选及鉴定. 东北林业大学学报, 42(5): 110-114.(Sheng J M, Wu X Q, Hou L L. 2014. Isolating and identifying mycorrhiza helper bacteria from the rhizosphere soil of Pinus thunbergii inoculated with Rhizipogen luteous. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 42(5): 110-114. [in Chinese])
田雅楠,王红旗. 2011. Biolog法在环境微生物功能多样性研究中的应用. 环境科学与技术, 34(3): 50-57.(Tian Y N, Wang H Q. 2011. Application of Biolog to study of environmental microbial function diversity. Environmental Science and Technology, 34(3): 50-57. [in Chinese])
武晓森,周晓琳,曹凤明,等. 2015. 不同施肥处理对玉米产量及土壤酶活性的影响. 中国土壤与肥料,(1): 44-49.(Wu X S, Zhou X L, Cao F M, et al. 2015. Effects of different fertilization on the corn yield and soil enzyme activity in corn growth period. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,(1): 44-49. [in Chinese])
徐万里, 唐光木, 葛春辉,等. 2015. 长期施肥对新疆灰漠土土壤微生物群落结构与功能多样性的影响. 生态学报, 35(2): 468-477.(Xu W L, Tang G M, Ge C H, et al. 2015. Effects of long-term fertilization on diversities of soil microbial community structure and function in grey desert soil of Xinjiang. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 35(2): 468-477. [in Chinese])
姚如斌, 吴小芹. 2012. 高效解磷细菌与菌根真菌菌剂交互作用对杨树的促生效应. 南京林业大学学报:自然科学版, 36(5): 170-173.(Yao R B, Wu X Q. 2012. Interaction between high effective phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi and its effects on poplar growth. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Science Edition,36(5): 170-173. [in Chinese])
余贤美, 安淼, 王海荣, 等. 2014. 枯草芽孢杆菌Bs-15 对板栗土壤微生物种群数量及功能多样性的影响. 生态环境学报, 23(4): 598-602.(Yu X M, An M, Wang H R, et al. 2014. Influence of Bacillus subtilis Bs-15 on the microbial population and functional diversity of microbial communities in the chestnut soil. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 23(4): 598-602. [in Chinese])
曾丽琼. 2010. 几种优良外生菌根菌的应用和胶丸菌剂的制备. 南京: 南京林业大学硕士学位论文.(Zeng L Q. 2010. Field application of ectomcorrhizal fungi and study on the process of capsules microbial agent. Nanjing: MS thesis of Nanjing Forestry University. [in Chinese])
张昕, 张炳欣, 喻景权, 等. 2005. 生防菌ZJY-1及ZJY-116的GFP标记及其在黄瓜根围的生态适应性. 应用生态学报, 16(11): 2144-2148.(Zhang X, Zhang B X, Yu J Q, et al. 2002. Labeling of biocontrol agents ZJY-1 and ZJY-116 gfp gene and its ecological adaptability in cucumber rhizosphere. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 16(11): 2144-2148. [in Chinese])
郑华, 陈法霖, 欧阳志云, 等. 2007. 不同森林土壤微生物群落对 Biolog-GN 板碳源的利用. 环境科学, 28(5): 1126-1130.(Zheng H, Chen F L, Ouyang Z Y, et al. 2007. Utilization of different carbon sources types in Biolog-GN microplates by soil microbial communities from four forest types. Environmental Science, 28(5): 1126-1130. [in Chinese])
中国科学院南京土壤研究所微生物室. 1985. 土壤微生物研究法. 北京: 科学出版社.(Nanjing Soil Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1985. Methods for soil microorganism. Beijing: Science Press. [in Chinese])
Abbasi M K, Sharif S, Kazmi M, et al. 2011. Isolation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from wheat rhizosphere and their effect on improving growth, yield and nutrient uptake of plants. Plant Biosystems, 145(1): 159-168.
Bouhraoua D, Aarab S, Laglaout A, et al. 2015 Phosphate solubilizing bacteria efficiency on mycorrhization and growth of peanut in the northwest of Morocco. American Journal of Microbiological Research, 3(5): 176-180.
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