猪场生物床垫料及由其制成的土壤改良剂应用效果研究
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摘要
通过田间小区试验研究猪场生物床垫料及由其制成的土壤改良剂对小白菜产量品质、土壤理化性状及土壤微生物区系的影响。结果表明:与空白对照组相比,施加生物床垫料及由其制成的土壤改良剂两组试验(以下简称两处理)中小白菜产量分别增加14.25%和41.31%,小白菜中可溶性糖含量分别提高10.87%和41.30%,VC含量分别提高9.17%和16.45%,重金属Cd含量分别降低39.69%和78.86%,重金属Pb含量分别减少44.74%和85.76%;两处理与对照相比其土壤容重分别减少3.03%和1.94%,土壤孔隙度分别增加4.07%与1.43%,土壤p H值分别提高10.24%和15.61%,土壤全盐量分别增加14.63%和4.89%;两处理较对照组其土壤中细菌数量分别增加11.58%和15.11%,真菌数量分别增加14.81%和18.52%;施加生物床垫料组其土壤中放线菌数量增加2.17%,而施加土壤改良剂组放线菌数量减少22.47%。
In order to study the effects of piggery bio-bed letter and its soil amendment on the yield and quality of pakchoi,soil physicochemical property,and soil microorganism,the field plot experiment was conducted. The results showed that,compared with the blank control group,the yields of the two tests applied with bio-bed letter and its soil amendment( hereinafter short for two treatments) increased by 14. 25% and41. 31% respectively,the soluble sugar contents of pakchoi increased by 10. 87% and 41. 30% respectively,and the VC contents increased by 9. 17% and 16. 45% respectively,while heave metal Cd contents reduced by 39. 69% and 78. 86% respectively,and the heave metal Pb contents reduced by 44. 74% and 85. 76% respectively; the soil bulk density of two treatments reduced by 3. 03% and 1. 94%,while soil porosity increased by 4. 07% and 1. 43%,respectively,and the soil p H increased by 10. 24% and 15. 61%,soil total salinity increased by 14. 63% and 4. 89% respectively compared with the control group; the number of soil bacteria ofthe two treatments increased by 11. 58% and 15. 11%,the number of soil fungi increased by 14. 81% and18. 52% respectively compared with the control group; the number of soil actinomyces of applying bio-bed letter treatment increased by 2. 17%,while adding soil amendment treatment reduced by 22. 47% compared with the control group.
In order to study the effects of piggery bio-bed letter and its soil amendment on the yield and quality of pakchoi,soil physicochemical property,and soil microorganism,the field plot experiment was conducted. The results showed that,compared with the blank control group,the yields of the two tests applied with bio-bed letter and its soil amendment( hereinafter short for two treatments) increased by 14. 25% and41. 31% respectively,the soluble sugar contents of pakchoi increased by 10. 87% and 41. 30% respectively,and the VC contents increased by 9. 17% and 16. 45% respectively,while heave metal Cd contents reduced by 39. 69% and 78. 86% respectively,and the heave metal Pb contents reduced by 44. 74% and 85. 76% respectively; the soil bulk density of two treatments reduced by 3. 03% and 1. 94%,while soil porosity increased by 4. 07% and 1. 43%,respectively,and the soil p H increased by 10. 24% and 15. 61%,soil total salinity increased by 14. 63% and 4. 89% respectively compared with the control group; the number of soil bacteria ofthe two treatments increased by 11. 58% and 15. 11%,the number of soil fungi increased by 14. 81% and18. 52% respectively compared with the control group; the number of soil actinomyces of applying bio-bed letter treatment increased by 2. 17%,while adding soil amendment treatment reduced by 22. 47% compared with the control group.
引文
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[15]应正河,林衍铨,江晓凌.利用微生物发酵床养猪垫料废料栽培毛木耳[J].食用菌报,2014,21(3):23-27.
[16]张霞,顾洪如,杨杰,等.猪发酵床垫料中氮、磷、重金属元素含量[J].江苏农业学报,2011,27(6):1414-1415.
[17]李买军,马晗,郭海宁,等.发酵床养猪对土壤重金属含量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(3):520-525.
[18]王辉,董元华,张绪美,等.江苏省集约化养殖畜禽粪便盐分含量及分布特征分析[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(11):229-233.
[19]霍晓菲,李凤忱.无机化学肥料和农药对土壤微生物的影响初探[J].微生物学杂志,2008,28(2):101-103.
[2]王远孝,李雁,钟翔,等.猪用发酵床的研究与应用[J].家畜生态学报,2007,28(6):139-142.
[3]朱双红.猪生物发酵床垫料中细菌群落结构动态变化研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2012.
[4]胡海燕,余勇,张玉静,等.发酵床养猪废弃垫料的资源化利用评价[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2013,19(1):252-258.
[5]赵亚夫,吴世玲,姚伟超,等.家禽养殖用发酵床[P].中国专利:CN104094867A,2014-10-15.
[6]张昌爱,单洪涛,辛淑荣,等.猪粪发酵与否对土壤性质的影响差异[J].农业科技与信息,2016(26):95,97.
[7]张昌爱,李国生,姚利,等.以沼渣和蚯蚓粪为主料的土壤改良剂及其制备方法[P].中国专利:CN102503661A,2012-06-20.
[8]张昌爱,辛淑荣,姚利,等.利用生物发酵床废料所制得的土壤改良剂及其制备方法[P].中国专利:201710279407.6,2017-04-25.
[9]刘金凤.壳聚糖对蔬菜产品质量、根系生长及土壤理化性状的影响[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2006.
[10]刘艳芳,孙学文,杨晴.紫外分光光度法测定VC含量的方法改进[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(22):13270-13272.
[11]王妍,胡胜,付文成,等.一种快速测定可溶性糖的新方法:TAB法[J].井冈山大学学报(自然科学版),2013,3(5):37-40.
[12]国家环境保护局编.空气和废气检测分析方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990:298-300.
[13]徐红颖,包玉龙,王玉兰.常见蔬菜中重金属铅、镉、铬、砷含量测定[J].检测分析,2015,36(3):85-89.
[14]罗佳,刘丽珠,王同,等.养猪发酵床垫料有机肥对辣椒产量及土壤微生物多样性的影响[J].土壤,2015,47(6):1101-1106.
[15]应正河,林衍铨,江晓凌.利用微生物发酵床养猪垫料废料栽培毛木耳[J].食用菌报,2014,21(3):23-27.
[16]张霞,顾洪如,杨杰,等.猪发酵床垫料中氮、磷、重金属元素含量[J].江苏农业学报,2011,27(6):1414-1415.
[17]李买军,马晗,郭海宁,等.发酵床养猪对土壤重金属含量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(3):520-525.
[18]王辉,董元华,张绪美,等.江苏省集约化养殖畜禽粪便盐分含量及分布特征分析[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(11):229-233.
[19]霍晓菲,李凤忱.无机化学肥料和农药对土壤微生物的影响初探[J].微生物学杂志,2008,28(2):101-103.