应用于行为学研究中八臂迷宫实验方法的改良
|
摘要
目的探讨一种简易有效的新型八臂迷宫实验方法。方法选用20只雄性成年SD大鼠,分为传统方法组即对照组和改良电加热方法组即实验组,每组10只。于对照组食饵臂末端放置食饵,非食饵臂不放置食饵。实验组在非食饵臂末端放置加热装置作为错误惩罚外,其他条件与对照组相同。记录并比较实验大鼠于两种迷宫探索移动距离、时间、速度、进臂次数指标。结果与对照组相比,实验组大鼠移动距离和探索时间明显缩短且进入错误臂次数明显减少。结论使用改良电加热八臂迷宫实验方法能在训练7 d后更准确有效评估大鼠空间记忆学习能力,可作为一种有效的实验新方案。
Objective To identify a simple and effective experimental method for eight-arm maze study. Methods Twenty adult male SD rats were divided into a traditional method group(control group) and a modified electric heating pad method group(test group)(n=10). The bait was only placed at the end of feeding arm in control group. The test group had the same conditions as control group except that the heating pad was placed at the end of the non-predator arm as a punishment tool. Recorded and compared the moving distance, time, speed and the entrance times of rat in the arms via software.Results Compared with the control group, the test group rats shortened the movement distance and explored time significantly, and reduced the errors times into the wrong arm significantly as well.Conclusion Compared with the traditional method, the modified electric heating pad method can evaluate the spatial memory learning ability of rats after 7-days-training more accurately and effectively,which can be used as an effective experimental method.
Objective To identify a simple and effective experimental method for eight-arm maze study. Methods Twenty adult male SD rats were divided into a traditional method group(control group) and a modified electric heating pad method group(test group)(n=10). The bait was only placed at the end of feeding arm in control group. The test group had the same conditions as control group except that the heating pad was placed at the end of the non-predator arm as a punishment tool. Recorded and compared the moving distance, time, speed and the entrance times of rat in the arms via software.Results Compared with the control group, the test group rats shortened the movement distance and explored time significantly, and reduced the errors times into the wrong arm significantly as well.Conclusion Compared with the traditional method, the modified electric heating pad method can evaluate the spatial memory learning ability of rats after 7-days-training more accurately and effectively,which can be used as an effective experimental method.
引文
[1]Penley SC,Gaudet CM,Threlkeld SW.Use of an eight-arm radial water maze to assess working and reference memory following neonatal brain injury[J].J Vis Exp,2013(82):50940.doi:10.3791/50940.
[2]Clelland CD,Choi M,Romberg C,et al.A functional role for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in spatial pattern separation[J].Science,2009,325(5937):210-213.
[3]Hall BJ,Cauley M,Burke DA,et al.Cognitive and behavioral impairments evoked by low-level exposure to tobacco smoke components:comparison with nicotine alone[J].Toxicol Sci,2016,151(2):236-244.
[4]夏猛,张丽萍,李庆和.加味温胆汤对抑郁模型大鼠八臂迷宫空间学习记忆能力的影响[J].辽宁中医杂志,2013,40(4):611-613.
[5]Soellner DE,Grandys T,and Nunez JL.Chronic prenatal caffeine exposure impairs novel object recognition and radial arm maze behaviors in adult rats[J].Behav Brain Res,2009,205(1):191-199.
[6]周赛君,何金彩,陈江帆,等.腺苷A2A受体基因敲除对小鼠的空间参考记忆和工作记忆的影响[J].中国行为医学科学,2008,17(6):517-519.
[7]Pan YW,Chan GC,Kuo CT,et al.Inhibition of adult neurogenesis by inducible and targeted deletion of ERK5mitogen-activated protein kinase specifically in adult neurogenic regions impairs contextual fear extinction and remote fear memory[J].J Neurosci,2012,32(19):6444-6455.
[8]Hwang L,Choi IY,Kim SE,et al.Dexmedetomidine ameliorates intracerebral hemorrhage-induced memory impairment by inhibiting apoptosis and enhancing brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the rat hippocampus[J].Int JMol Med,2013,31(5):1047-1056.
[9]景波,吕程,于建,等.荨麻总黄酮对记忆障碍模型小鼠学习记忆能力的影响[J].华西药学杂志,2016,31(3):239-242.
[10]Alzoubi KH,Mayyas FA,Mahafzah R,et al.Melatonin prevents memory impairment induced by high-fat diet:Role of oxidative stress[J].Behav Brain Res,2018,336:93-98.
[11]Cauley M,Hall BJ,Abreu-Villaca Y,et al.Critical developmental periods for effects of low-level tobacco smoke exposure on behavioral performance[J].Neurotoxicology,2018,68:81-87.
[12]张菲菲,程艳伟,于敏敏,等.大鼠癫痫持续状态后认知功能变化模式及海马脑红蛋白表达水平的实验研究[J].国际神经病学神经外科学杂志,2017,44(5):501-506.
[13]Olton DS and Papas BC.Spatial memory and hippocampal function[J].Neuropsychologia,1979,17(6):669-682.
[14]Leutgeb JK,Leutgeb S,Moser MB,et al.Pattern separation in the dentate gyrus and CA3 of the hippocampus[J].Science,2007,315(5814):961-966.
[15]Hussein AM,Aher YD,Kalaba P,et al.A novel heterocyclic compound improves working memory in the radial arm maze and modulates the dopamine receptor D1R in frontal cortex of the Sprague-Dawley rat[J].Behav Brain Res,2017,332:308-315.
[16]van Praag H,Schinder AF,Christie BR,et al.Functional neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus[J].Nature,2002,415(6875):1030-1034.
[17]Allen RJ,Vargha-Khadem F,Baddeley AD.Item-location binding in working memory:is it hippocampus-dependent?[J].Neuropsychologia,2014,59:74-84.
[18]Nakashiba T,Young JZ,McHugh TJ,et al.Transgenic inhibition of synaptic transmission reveals role of CA3 output in hippocampal learning[J].Science,2008,319(5867):1260-1264.
[19]朱乔,于建云,曹珍珍,等.一次性与三重性脑震荡鼠八臂迷宫逆行性遗忘变化研究[J].中华神经外科疾病研究杂志,2010,9(2):105-108.
[20]Levin ED.Learning about cognition risk with the radial-arm maze in the developmental neurotoxicology battery[J].Neurotoxicol Teratol,2015,52(Pt A):88-92.
[21]Sebastian V,Diallo A,Ling DS,et al.Robust training attenuates TBI-induced deficits in reference and working memory on the radial 8-arm maze[J].Front Behav Neurosci,2013,7:38.
[2]Clelland CD,Choi M,Romberg C,et al.A functional role for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in spatial pattern separation[J].Science,2009,325(5937):210-213.
[3]Hall BJ,Cauley M,Burke DA,et al.Cognitive and behavioral impairments evoked by low-level exposure to tobacco smoke components:comparison with nicotine alone[J].Toxicol Sci,2016,151(2):236-244.
[4]夏猛,张丽萍,李庆和.加味温胆汤对抑郁模型大鼠八臂迷宫空间学习记忆能力的影响[J].辽宁中医杂志,2013,40(4):611-613.
[5]Soellner DE,Grandys T,and Nunez JL.Chronic prenatal caffeine exposure impairs novel object recognition and radial arm maze behaviors in adult rats[J].Behav Brain Res,2009,205(1):191-199.
[6]周赛君,何金彩,陈江帆,等.腺苷A2A受体基因敲除对小鼠的空间参考记忆和工作记忆的影响[J].中国行为医学科学,2008,17(6):517-519.
[7]Pan YW,Chan GC,Kuo CT,et al.Inhibition of adult neurogenesis by inducible and targeted deletion of ERK5mitogen-activated protein kinase specifically in adult neurogenic regions impairs contextual fear extinction and remote fear memory[J].J Neurosci,2012,32(19):6444-6455.
[8]Hwang L,Choi IY,Kim SE,et al.Dexmedetomidine ameliorates intracerebral hemorrhage-induced memory impairment by inhibiting apoptosis and enhancing brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the rat hippocampus[J].Int JMol Med,2013,31(5):1047-1056.
[9]景波,吕程,于建,等.荨麻总黄酮对记忆障碍模型小鼠学习记忆能力的影响[J].华西药学杂志,2016,31(3):239-242.
[10]Alzoubi KH,Mayyas FA,Mahafzah R,et al.Melatonin prevents memory impairment induced by high-fat diet:Role of oxidative stress[J].Behav Brain Res,2018,336:93-98.
[11]Cauley M,Hall BJ,Abreu-Villaca Y,et al.Critical developmental periods for effects of low-level tobacco smoke exposure on behavioral performance[J].Neurotoxicology,2018,68:81-87.
[12]张菲菲,程艳伟,于敏敏,等.大鼠癫痫持续状态后认知功能变化模式及海马脑红蛋白表达水平的实验研究[J].国际神经病学神经外科学杂志,2017,44(5):501-506.
[13]Olton DS and Papas BC.Spatial memory and hippocampal function[J].Neuropsychologia,1979,17(6):669-682.
[14]Leutgeb JK,Leutgeb S,Moser MB,et al.Pattern separation in the dentate gyrus and CA3 of the hippocampus[J].Science,2007,315(5814):961-966.
[15]Hussein AM,Aher YD,Kalaba P,et al.A novel heterocyclic compound improves working memory in the radial arm maze and modulates the dopamine receptor D1R in frontal cortex of the Sprague-Dawley rat[J].Behav Brain Res,2017,332:308-315.
[16]van Praag H,Schinder AF,Christie BR,et al.Functional neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus[J].Nature,2002,415(6875):1030-1034.
[17]Allen RJ,Vargha-Khadem F,Baddeley AD.Item-location binding in working memory:is it hippocampus-dependent?[J].Neuropsychologia,2014,59:74-84.
[18]Nakashiba T,Young JZ,McHugh TJ,et al.Transgenic inhibition of synaptic transmission reveals role of CA3 output in hippocampal learning[J].Science,2008,319(5867):1260-1264.
[19]朱乔,于建云,曹珍珍,等.一次性与三重性脑震荡鼠八臂迷宫逆行性遗忘变化研究[J].中华神经外科疾病研究杂志,2010,9(2):105-108.
[20]Levin ED.Learning about cognition risk with the radial-arm maze in the developmental neurotoxicology battery[J].Neurotoxicol Teratol,2015,52(Pt A):88-92.
[21]Sebastian V,Diallo A,Ling DS,et al.Robust training attenuates TBI-induced deficits in reference and working memory on the radial 8-arm maze[J].Front Behav Neurosci,2013,7:38.