三维零件模型几何公差标注合理性检查方法
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摘要
三维模型标注技术对产品唯一数据源进行定义,包含产品的所有技术信息,以代替二维图样实现无纸化设计。针对模型标注检查效率低及工作量大等实际问题,首先对模型标注的合理性原则进行阐述并归纳模型常见的标注问题;其次对标注问题进行分析,提出标素模型并对标注检查准则进行总结,在此基础上建立基准与几何公差标素模型,根据检查准则对标注逐项检查,并判断同一几何元素上公差值关系是否合理。最后,基于CATIA平台开发了几何公差标注自动检查功能,提高了标注检查效率。
The sole data source of product is defined by 3 D annotating technology, which contains all technical information of product and is a substitute for 2 D drawing. Firstly, to solve the problems such as low efficiency and heavy workload of annotation inspection, the rationality of annotation is expounded and the common annotation issues are concluded. Secondly, after analyzing common annotation problems, an annotation element model(AEM) is proposed and the rules of annotation inspection are summarized, then establishing the datum and geometric element of AEM, whereas the annotations are checked term by term according to the criterions, and the reasonability of the relationships between the tolerance values on the same geometric element is measured consequently. Finally, based on CATIA system, automatic inspection function of geometric tolerance annotation is developed, which improves the annotation inspection efficiency.
The sole data source of product is defined by 3 D annotating technology, which contains all technical information of product and is a substitute for 2 D drawing. Firstly, to solve the problems such as low efficiency and heavy workload of annotation inspection, the rationality of annotation is expounded and the common annotation issues are concluded. Secondly, after analyzing common annotation problems, an annotation element model(AEM) is proposed and the rules of annotation inspection are summarized, then establishing the datum and geometric element of AEM, whereas the annotations are checked term by term according to the criterions, and the reasonability of the relationships between the tolerance values on the same geometric element is measured consequently. Finally, based on CATIA system, automatic inspection function of geometric tolerance annotation is developed, which improves the annotation inspection efficiency.
引文
[1]张宝源,席平.三维标注技术发展概况[J].图学学报, 2011,32(4):74-79.ZHANG Baoyuan, XI Ping. The state of the art of 3D annotating technology[J]. Journal of Graphics, 2011, 32(4):74-79.
[2]曲直,田宪伟,李春威. MBD技术在飞机设计中的应用[J].航空制造技术, 2013, 56(13):103-106.QU Zhi, TIAN Xianwei, LI Chunwei. Application of MBD technology in aircraft design[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2013, 56(13):103-106.
[3]CHENG Y,NIZ,LIU T,etal. Anintelligentapproachfor dimensioning completeness inspection in 3D based on transient geometric elements[J]. Computer-Aided Design, 2014, 53(5):14-27.
[4]王勃,郑国磊,段丽华.轴类零件三维尺寸自动标注算法[J].北京航空航天大学学报, 2013, 39(6):829-834.WANGBo,ZHENGGuolei,DUANLihua. Automatic dimensioning for 3D model of shaft-like parts[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013, 39(6):829-834.
[5]朱一舟,张为民,李国伟.三维CAD中几何公差自动判别技术研究[J].现代制造工程, 2011(3):9-12.ZHUYizhou,ZHANGWeimin,LIGuowei.Theautomatic identification for geometric tolerance function in 3D-CAD[J]. Modern Manufacturing Engineering, 2011(3):9-12.
[6]覃裕初,钟艳如,常亮,等.基于几何公差描述逻辑的公差类型的自动生成[J].计算机集成制造系统, 2013, 19(7):1490-1499.QIN Yuchu, ZHONG Yanru, CHANG Liang,et al. Automatic generation of tolerance types based on geometric tolerance description logic[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2013,19(7):1490-1499.
[7]蒋科,刘检华,宁汝新,等.基于多色集合理论的几何公差信息推理及其规范性验证[J].计算机集成制造系统, 2015, 21(3):593-605.JIANG Ke, LIU Jianhua, NING Ruxin, et al. Geometric tolerance reasoning and its specification verification based on polychromatic sets theory[J].ComputerIntegratedManufacturingSystems,2015,21(3):593-605.
[8]吴玉光,刘玉生.面向公差技术的几何要素自由度表示与操作及其应用[J].中国机械工程, 2015, 26(11):1509-1515.WU Yuguang, LIU Yusheng. DOF representation and operation of geometric feature and its applications for tolerance technology[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 26(11):1509-1515.
[9]ARMILLOTTA A. A method for computer-aided specification of geometric tolerances[J]. Computer-Aided Design, 2013, 45:1604-1616.
[10]陈靖乐,杜宝瑞,叶柏超,等.基于UG的检测模型未注公差自动完善研究[J].航空制造技术, 2016, 59(17):90-92.CHEN Jingle, DU Baorui, YE Baichao,et al. Research on automatic improvementofunde-claredtoleranceofinspectionmodelbasedon UG[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, 2016, 59(17):90-92.
[11]赵皇进,郑国磊,段丽华.数字化环境下装配尺寸链分析的几何方法[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2008, 20(1):104-108.ZHAO Huangjin, ZHENG Guolei, DUAN Lihua. A geometric method for assembly dimension chain analysis in digital environment[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics, 2008, 20(1):104-108.
[12]郑洪涌,郑国磊,赵皇进.三维公差分析中工程尺寸驱动原理与应用[J].北京航空航天大学学报, 2012, 38(1):138-142.ZHENG Hongyong, ZHENG Guolei, ZHAO Huangjin. Principle and application of functional dimension driving in 3D tolerance analysis[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2012, 38(1):138-142.
[13]GB/T 24734.1~11—2009技术产品文件数字化产品定义数据通则[S].GB/T24734.1~11—2009Technicalproductdocumentation—Digital product definition data practices[S].
[14]GB/T 1182—2008产品几何技术规范(GPS)几何公差—形状、方向、位置和跳动公差标注[S].GB/T1182—2008Geometricproductspecifications(GPS)Geometrical tolerancing—Tolerances of form, orientation, location and runout[S].
[15]陈卓宁,秦宁,徐同明.面向三维机加工艺规划系统的CATIA模型MBD数据提取和应用[J].计算机系统应用, 2014, 23(9):213-218.CHENZhuoning,QINNing,XUTongming.Extractionand application of CATIA model MBD data oriented to three-dimensional machining process planning system[J]. Computer System&Applications,2014, 23(9):213-218.
[2]曲直,田宪伟,李春威. MBD技术在飞机设计中的应用[J].航空制造技术, 2013, 56(13):103-106.QU Zhi, TIAN Xianwei, LI Chunwei. Application of MBD technology in aircraft design[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2013, 56(13):103-106.
[3]CHENG Y,NIZ,LIU T,etal. Anintelligentapproachfor dimensioning completeness inspection in 3D based on transient geometric elements[J]. Computer-Aided Design, 2014, 53(5):14-27.
[4]王勃,郑国磊,段丽华.轴类零件三维尺寸自动标注算法[J].北京航空航天大学学报, 2013, 39(6):829-834.WANGBo,ZHENGGuolei,DUANLihua. Automatic dimensioning for 3D model of shaft-like parts[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013, 39(6):829-834.
[5]朱一舟,张为民,李国伟.三维CAD中几何公差自动判别技术研究[J].现代制造工程, 2011(3):9-12.ZHUYizhou,ZHANGWeimin,LIGuowei.Theautomatic identification for geometric tolerance function in 3D-CAD[J]. Modern Manufacturing Engineering, 2011(3):9-12.
[6]覃裕初,钟艳如,常亮,等.基于几何公差描述逻辑的公差类型的自动生成[J].计算机集成制造系统, 2013, 19(7):1490-1499.QIN Yuchu, ZHONG Yanru, CHANG Liang,et al. Automatic generation of tolerance types based on geometric tolerance description logic[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2013,19(7):1490-1499.
[7]蒋科,刘检华,宁汝新,等.基于多色集合理论的几何公差信息推理及其规范性验证[J].计算机集成制造系统, 2015, 21(3):593-605.JIANG Ke, LIU Jianhua, NING Ruxin, et al. Geometric tolerance reasoning and its specification verification based on polychromatic sets theory[J].ComputerIntegratedManufacturingSystems,2015,21(3):593-605.
[8]吴玉光,刘玉生.面向公差技术的几何要素自由度表示与操作及其应用[J].中国机械工程, 2015, 26(11):1509-1515.WU Yuguang, LIU Yusheng. DOF representation and operation of geometric feature and its applications for tolerance technology[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 26(11):1509-1515.
[9]ARMILLOTTA A. A method for computer-aided specification of geometric tolerances[J]. Computer-Aided Design, 2013, 45:1604-1616.
[10]陈靖乐,杜宝瑞,叶柏超,等.基于UG的检测模型未注公差自动完善研究[J].航空制造技术, 2016, 59(17):90-92.CHEN Jingle, DU Baorui, YE Baichao,et al. Research on automatic improvementofunde-claredtoleranceofinspectionmodelbasedon UG[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, 2016, 59(17):90-92.
[11]赵皇进,郑国磊,段丽华.数字化环境下装配尺寸链分析的几何方法[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2008, 20(1):104-108.ZHAO Huangjin, ZHENG Guolei, DUAN Lihua. A geometric method for assembly dimension chain analysis in digital environment[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics, 2008, 20(1):104-108.
[12]郑洪涌,郑国磊,赵皇进.三维公差分析中工程尺寸驱动原理与应用[J].北京航空航天大学学报, 2012, 38(1):138-142.ZHENG Hongyong, ZHENG Guolei, ZHAO Huangjin. Principle and application of functional dimension driving in 3D tolerance analysis[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2012, 38(1):138-142.
[13]GB/T 24734.1~11—2009技术产品文件数字化产品定义数据通则[S].GB/T24734.1~11—2009Technicalproductdocumentation—Digital product definition data practices[S].
[14]GB/T 1182—2008产品几何技术规范(GPS)几何公差—形状、方向、位置和跳动公差标注[S].GB/T1182—2008Geometricproductspecifications(GPS)Geometrical tolerancing—Tolerances of form, orientation, location and runout[S].
[15]陈卓宁,秦宁,徐同明.面向三维机加工艺规划系统的CATIA模型MBD数据提取和应用[J].计算机系统应用, 2014, 23(9):213-218.CHENZhuoning,QINNing,XUTongming.Extractionand application of CATIA model MBD data oriented to three-dimensional machining process planning system[J]. Computer System&Applications,2014, 23(9):213-218.