基于土地利用的“南方丝绸之路”经济带生态系统扰动分析
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摘要
基于欧洲宇航局气候变化启动计划的土地利用数据,利用生态系统干扰指数分析土地利用对"南方丝绸之路"经济带生态系统扰动时空变化的影响。结果表明:1992年和2015年"南方丝绸之路"经济带生态系统扰动指数呈现马来群岛大部、中南半岛北部、南亚西北部较低,南亚大部、中南半岛南部和马来群岛东北部较高的特点;24 a间生态系统扰动指数整体呈增加趋势,仅有中国西南地区、菲律宾、文莱和东帝汶等国家生态系统扰动指数呈下降趋势;自然再生利用型生态系统减少以及人为再生利用型生态系统增加是造成"南方丝绸之路"经济带生态系统扰动指数增加的主要原因。
The spatial and temporal variations of ecosystem disturbance resulting from land use in the economic corridor along the Southern Silk Road using the ecosystem disturbance index based on land use data obtained from the Climate Change Initiative( CCI) project of the European Space Agency( ESA) were analysed.Results showed that ecosystem disturbance indexes in most of Malaysia,northern Indochina,and the northwest part of South Asia were relativly high,while the ecosystem disturbance indexes in most of South Asia,southern Indochina,and northeastern Malaysia were relatively low in 1992 and2015.The ecosystem disturbance index in the economic corridor along the Southern Silk Road showed an increasing trend from 1992 to 2015.The ecosystem disturbance index in southwestern China,Brunei,the Philippines and Timor-Leste showed a decreasing trend.The decreasing of the natural regeneration type and increasing of the artificial regeneration type are main causes that result in the increasing of the ecosystem disturbance index in the economic corridor along the Southern Silk Road.
The spatial and temporal variations of ecosystem disturbance resulting from land use in the economic corridor along the Southern Silk Road using the ecosystem disturbance index based on land use data obtained from the Climate Change Initiative( CCI) project of the European Space Agency( ESA) were analysed.Results showed that ecosystem disturbance indexes in most of Malaysia,northern Indochina,and the northwest part of South Asia were relativly high,while the ecosystem disturbance indexes in most of South Asia,southern Indochina,and northeastern Malaysia were relatively low in 1992 and2015.The ecosystem disturbance index in the economic corridor along the Southern Silk Road showed an increasing trend from 1992 to 2015.The ecosystem disturbance index in southwestern China,Brunei,the Philippines and Timor-Leste showed a decreasing trend.The decreasing of the natural regeneration type and increasing of the artificial regeneration type are main causes that result in the increasing of the ecosystem disturbance index in the economic corridor along the Southern Silk Road.
引文
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[2]魏辅文,聂永刚,苗海霞,等.生物多样性丧失机制研究进展[J].科学通报,2014,59(6):430-437.WEI Fuwen,NIE Yonggang,MIAO Haixia,et al.Advancements of the researches on biodiversity loss mechanisms[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2014,59(6):430-437.
[3]杨毅,陶波.陆地生态系统扰动与碳循环模拟研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2014,27(4):1-5.YANG Yi,TAO Bo.Review on terrestrial ecosystem disturbances and carbon cycle modeling[J].World Forestry Research,2014,27(4):1-5.
[4]姜明,吕宪国,许林书,等.松嫩平原湿地生态系统扰动因子及其反馈[J].资源科学,2005,27(6):125-131.JIANG Ming,LU Xianguo,XU Linshu,et al.Perturbation factors and feedback of wetland ecosystem in the Songnen plain[J].Resources Science,2005,27(6):125-131.
[5]郁达威,沈润平,杨辰,等.武宁县森林扰动及驱动因子分析[J].生态与农村环境学报,2013,29(5):581-586.YU Dawei,SHEN Runping,YANG Chen,et al.Analysis of forest disturbance and its driving factors in Wuning county[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2013,29(5):581-586.
[6]陈骥,曹军骥,张思毅,等.蚂蚁扰动对青海湖北岸高寒草甸草原群落结构影响[J].地球环境学报,2013,4(5):1461-1469.CHEN Ji,CAO Junji,ZHANG Siyi,et al.Ants’hill-building activities on the plant community structure in Alpine meadow grassland in the northern Qinghai Lake,China[J].Journal of Earth Environment,2013,4(5):1461-1469.
[7]徐长君,秦姝冕,殷亚杰,等.扰动因子对龙凤湿地鸟类影响的研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(26):190-194.XU Changjun,QIN Shumian,YIN Yajie,et al.The research of effects of disturbance factors on birds in longfeng wetland[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2013,29(26):190-194.
[8]赵国琴,李广泳,马文虎,等.高原鼠兔扰动对高寒草地植物群落特征的影响[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(8):2122-2128.ZHAO Guoqin,LI Guangyong,MA Wenhu,et al.Impacts of Ochotona pallasi disturbance on alpine grassland community characteristics[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2013,24(8):2122-2128.
[9]曾旭,陈芳清,许文年,等.大型水利水电工程扰动区植被的生态恢复-以向家坝水电工程为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2009,18(11):1074-1079.ZENG Xu,CHEN Fangqing,XU Wennian,et al.Vegetation restoration in disturbance area of large hydropower project-a case study of Xiangjiaba Hydropower project[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2009,18(11):1074-1079.
[10]李锋瑞,刘继亮,化伟,等.地面节肢动物营养类群对土地覆被变化和管理扰动的响应[J].生态学报,2011,31(15):4169-4181.LI Fengrui,LIU Jiliang,HUA Wei,et al.Trophic group responses of ground arthropods to land-cover change and management disturbance[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2011,31(15):4169-4181.
[11]BA爦NOU C,ALVAREZ E,BAGARIA G,et al.Spatial patterns of land use changes across a Mediterranean metropolitan landscape:Implications for biodiversity management[J].Environmental Management,2013,52(4):971-980.
[12]宋志辉,马春燕.四川在“南方丝绸之路经济带”建设中的地位和作用[J].南亚研究季刊,2014,156(1):80-84.SONG Zhihui,MA Chunyan.Role projection of Sichuan province in building the southern silk road economic belt[J].South Asian Studies Quarterly,2014,156(1):80-84.
[13]陆韧,余华.南方陆上丝绸之路与海上丝绸之路互联互通的历史进程[J].云南大学学报(社会科学版),2017,16(2):71-81.LU Ren,YU Hua.A historical study of the connection between the Southern Silk Road and the Maritime Silk Road[J].Journal of Yunnan University(Social Sciences Edition),2017,16(2):71-81.
[14]林文勋.“一带一路”战略与南方丝绸之路经济大走廊构想[J].云南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016,48(2):1-6.LIN Wenxun.The belt and road initiative and the concept of the economic corridor along the southern silk road[J].Journal of Yunnan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition),2017,16(2):71-81.
[15]韩会庆,蔡广鹏,郜红娟,等.基于生态敏感性和人类活动扰动强度的乌江源区生态补偿空间配置研究[J].贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,35(4):17-22.HAN Huiqing,CAI Guangpeng,GAO Hongjuan,et al.Spatial allocation of ecological compensation based on ecological sensitivity and human activity disturbance intensity in source region of Wujiang[J].Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Natural Sciences),2017,35(4):17-22.
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