基于Angel型龙虾眼X射线透镜的数值模拟
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摘要
为了研究Angel型龙虾眼X射线透镜的聚焦成像特性,基于X射线全反射原理和旋转坐标系方法,建立X射线在方孔内壁的数值模型。通过求解X射线在方孔内壁的交点,得到所有光线的传输路径。为了验证模型的准确性,对透镜的焦距和传输效率分别进行实验测试和模拟。在365mm焦距处,参与反射的X射线被会聚为十字线,中心焦斑光强最大,与模拟所得结果相符。在能量4.5keV下,透镜镀金属Ir膜前、后的传输效率分别为1.23%和9.18%,模拟结果的传输效率分别为1.44%和10.14%。结果表明:构建的数值模型是合理的,可为龙虾眼透镜的研制提供理论基础。
In order to study the focusing and imaging performance of Angel lobster eye X-ray micro pore optic lens,the numerical model of the X-ray in the square channel is established based on X-ray reflection principle and rotating coordinate system.By solving the intersection,the transmission path of all the rays is obtained.In order to verify the accuracy of the model,the focal length and transmission efficiency of the lens are both simulated and tested.At the focal length of 365 mm,the reflected X-rays are focused into cross line,and the center focal spot intensity is the largest,which is consistent with the simulation results.As for the transmission efficiency of the lens before and after coating Ir,the simulation results are 1.23% and 9.18%,respectively,at the energy of 4.5 keV.Accordingly,the experimental results are 1.44% and 10.14%,respectively,which is consistent with the above data.The results show that the numerical model is reasonable and provides the theoretical and simulation basis for the fabrication of the lens.
In order to study the focusing and imaging performance of Angel lobster eye X-ray micro pore optic lens,the numerical model of the X-ray in the square channel is established based on X-ray reflection principle and rotating coordinate system.By solving the intersection,the transmission path of all the rays is obtained.In order to verify the accuracy of the model,the focal length and transmission efficiency of the lens are both simulated and tested.At the focal length of 365 mm,the reflected X-rays are focused into cross line,and the center focal spot intensity is the largest,which is consistent with the simulation results.As for the transmission efficiency of the lens before and after coating Ir,the simulation results are 1.23% and 9.18%,respectively,at the energy of 4.5 keV.Accordingly,the experimental results are 1.44% and 10.14%,respectively,which is consistent with the above data.The results show that the numerical model is reasonable and provides the theoretical and simulation basis for the fabrication of the lens.
引文
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[16]Peng S Q,Liu Z G,Sun T X,et al.Numerical simulation of polycapillary X-ray lens[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2015,35(2):0234001.彭诗棋,刘志国,孙天希,等.基于多毛细管X光透镜的数值模拟[J].光学学报,2015,35(2):0234001.
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[18]Mitsuighi I,Ezoe Y,Takgi U,et al.Novel ultralightweight and high-resolution MEMS X-ray optics[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2009,7360:73600C.
[19]Spiller E A.Soft X-ray optics[J].Optics&Photonics News,1993,7(2):60-64.
[20]Windover D,Armstrong N,Cline J P,et al.Characterization of atomic layer deposition using X-Ray reflectometry[J].Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry,2005,788(1/2/3):144-146.
[21]Li X,He F,Li D,et al.Influence of structural defect of square-hole micro channel plate on imaging quality[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2012,32(10):1011001.李旭,何飞,李达,等.方孔微通道板结构缺陷对成像质量的影响[J].光学学报,2012,32(10):1011001.
[22]Willingale R,Pearson J F,Martindale A,et al.Aberrations in square pore micro-channel optics used for X-ray lobster eye telescopes[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2016,9905:99051Y.
[2]Ables J G.Fourier transform photography:a new method for X-ray astronomy[J].Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia,1968,1(4):172-173.
[3]Wang F X,Deng B,Wang Y D,et al.Synchrotron radiation X-ray stereo imaging based on capillary beam splitting[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2016,36(8):0834004.王飞翔,邓彪,王玉丹,等.基于毛细管分光的同步辐射X射线立体成像[J].光学学报,2016,36(8):0834004.
[4]Petre R,Serlemitsos P J.Conical imaging mirrors for high-speed X-ray telescopes[J].Applied Optics,1985,24(12):1833-1837.
[5]Li L,Wang L Y,Cai A L,et al.Projection decomposition algorithm for X-ray dual-energy computed tomography based on isotransmission line fitting[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2016,36(8):0834001.李磊,王林元,蔡爱龙,等.基于等值线拟合的X射线双能CT快速投影分解算法[J].光学学报,2016,36(8):0834001.
[6]Gondoin P,Aschenbach B,Brauninger H W,et al.X-ray performance of a qualification model of an XMM mirror module[J].Proceedings of SPIE,1996,2808:390-401.
[7]Priedhorsky W C,Peele A G,Nugent K A.An X-ray all-sky monitor with extraordinary sensitivity[J].Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,1996,279(3):733-750.
[8]Brunton A N,Fraser G W,Lees J E,et al.Metrology and modeling of microchannel plate x-ray optics[J].Applied Optics,1997,36(22):5461-5470.
[9]Peele A G.Investigation of etched silicon wafers for lobster-eye optics[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1999,70(2):1268-1273.
[10]Beijersbergen M,Kraft S,Bavdaz M,et al.Development of X-ray pore optics:novel highresolution silicon millipore optics for XEUS and ultralow mass glass micropore optics for imaging and timing[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2004,5539:104-115.
[11]Chapman H N,Nugent K A,Wilkins S W.X-ray focusing using square channel-capillary arrays[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1991,62(6):1542-1561.
[12]Tich y'V,Hudec R,Němcová.Effective algorithm for ray-tracing simulations of lobster eye and similar reflective optical systems[J].Experimental Astronomy,2016,41(3):377-392.
[13]Peele A G,Lyngsjo H,Crocker R M,et al.Modeling of the Lobster-ISS X-ray telescope in orbit[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2004,5488:232-241.
[14]Putkunz C T,Peele A G.Detailed simulation of a Lobster-eye telescope[J].Optics Express,2009,17(16):14156-14165.
[15]Zhao D H,Zhang C,Yuan W M,et al.Ray tracing simulations for the wide-field X-ray telescope of the einstein probe mission based on Geant4and XRTG4[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2014,9144:91444E.
[16]Peng S Q,Liu Z G,Sun T X,et al.Numerical simulation of polycapillary X-ray lens[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2015,35(2):0234001.彭诗棋,刘志国,孙天希,等.基于多毛细管X光透镜的数值模拟[J].光学学报,2015,35(2):0234001.
[17]Pantell R H,Chung P.Transmission of X-rays through curved waveguides[J].IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics,1978,14(9):694-697.
[18]Mitsuighi I,Ezoe Y,Takgi U,et al.Novel ultralightweight and high-resolution MEMS X-ray optics[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2009,7360:73600C.
[19]Spiller E A.Soft X-ray optics[J].Optics&Photonics News,1993,7(2):60-64.
[20]Windover D,Armstrong N,Cline J P,et al.Characterization of atomic layer deposition using X-Ray reflectometry[J].Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry,2005,788(1/2/3):144-146.
[21]Li X,He F,Li D,et al.Influence of structural defect of square-hole micro channel plate on imaging quality[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2012,32(10):1011001.李旭,何飞,李达,等.方孔微通道板结构缺陷对成像质量的影响[J].光学学报,2012,32(10):1011001.
[22]Willingale R,Pearson J F,Martindale A,et al.Aberrations in square pore micro-channel optics used for X-ray lobster eye telescopes[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2016,9905:99051Y.