水生蔬菜型人工湿地对蓝藻消化液中氮、磷的去除
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摘要
腐熟后的蓝藻液经厌氧发酵及好氧生物处理后的消化液中仍含有较高浓度的氮和磷,应进行资源化利用并避免水环境污染。利用水生蔬菜型人工湿地对蓝藻消化液进行深度处理,分析湿地中氮、磷的去除途径与空心菜的吸收规律。结果表明,当水力负荷为0. 02 m~3/(m~2·d)时,空心菜对氮和磷的最高去除量分别为0. 213和0. 34 mg/(g·d)。湿地的硝化强度先增加后降低,反硝化潜力沿水流方向逐渐降低。空心菜吸收的TN占总去除量的70. 3%,其次是反硝化作用,占26. 5%,底泥沉淀、氨挥发及其他途径占3. 2%。空心菜吸收去除TP的量占总去除量的86%,沉淀和其他途径分别占5%和9%。以蓝藻消化液为进水,水生空心菜型人工湿地出水COD、TN、NH_4~+-N和TP浓度分别为38. 14、3. 17、0. 61和0. 19 mg/L,且可有效实现蓝藻消化液中氮、磷的资源化利用。
After anaerobic fermentation and aerobic biological treatment,the decomposed cyanobacteria solution still contains high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus,which should be treated and recycled before discharging to avoid water pollution. Cyanobacteria digestion solution was advanced treated by aquatic vegetable constructed wetland( CW),where removal pathways of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption mechanism of Ipomoea aquatica were analyzed. The results indicated that,with hydraulic load of 0. 02 m~3/( m~2·d),the highest removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus by Ipomoea aquatica were 0. 213 mg/( g·d) and 0. 34 mg/( g·d),respectively. Additionally,nitrification intensity of the CW increased first and then decreased,and the denitrification potential decreased gradually along the direction of water flow. TN absorbed by Ipomoea aquatica accounted for 70. 3% of the total removal amount,followed by denitrification which accounted for 26. 5%,and sediment deposition,ammonia volatilization and other means accounted for 3. 2%. The amount of TP absorbed and removed by Ipomoea aquatica accounted for 86% of the total amount of TP,and sediment deposition and other pathways accounted for 5% and 9% respectively. When it was fed with cyanobacteria digestion solution,concentrations of the effluent COD,TN,NH+4-N and TP of the aquatic vegetable constructed wetland were38. 14 mg/L,3. 17 mg/L,0. 61 mg/L and 0. 19 mg/L respectively. Therefore,resource utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus in cyanobacteria digestion solution was effectively realized.
After anaerobic fermentation and aerobic biological treatment,the decomposed cyanobacteria solution still contains high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus,which should be treated and recycled before discharging to avoid water pollution. Cyanobacteria digestion solution was advanced treated by aquatic vegetable constructed wetland( CW),where removal pathways of nitrogen and phosphorus and absorption mechanism of Ipomoea aquatica were analyzed. The results indicated that,with hydraulic load of 0. 02 m~3/( m~2·d),the highest removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus by Ipomoea aquatica were 0. 213 mg/( g·d) and 0. 34 mg/( g·d),respectively. Additionally,nitrification intensity of the CW increased first and then decreased,and the denitrification potential decreased gradually along the direction of water flow. TN absorbed by Ipomoea aquatica accounted for 70. 3% of the total removal amount,followed by denitrification which accounted for 26. 5%,and sediment deposition,ammonia volatilization and other means accounted for 3. 2%. The amount of TP absorbed and removed by Ipomoea aquatica accounted for 86% of the total amount of TP,and sediment deposition and other pathways accounted for 5% and 9% respectively. When it was fed with cyanobacteria digestion solution,concentrations of the effluent COD,TN,NH+4-N and TP of the aquatic vegetable constructed wetland were38. 14 mg/L,3. 17 mg/L,0. 61 mg/L and 0. 19 mg/L respectively. Therefore,resource utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus in cyanobacteria digestion solution was effectively realized.
引文
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[2]陈丙法,冯慕华,尚丽霞,等.秋季聚积蓝藻打捞对蓝藻生长及水质影响的原位实验[J].湖泊科学,2016,28(2):253-262.Chen Bingfa,Feng Muhua,Shang Lixia,et al.Effects on cyanobacterial growth and water quality after harvesting accumulated cyanobacteria in autumn:an in-situ experiment in Lake Chaohu[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2016,28(2):253-262(in Chinese).
[3]余亚琴,吕锡武,吴义锋,等.氧化沟/水生植物滤床组合工艺处理蓝藻厌氧沼液[J].中国给水排水,2013,29(7):20-23.Yu Yaqin,Lyu Xiwu,Wu Yifeng,et al.Oxidation ditch and aquatic plant filter bed for treatment of biogas slurry from anaerobic digestion of blue-green algae[J].China Water&Wastewater,2013,29(7):20-23(in Chinese).
[4]Vymazal J.Constructed wetlands for treatment of industrial wastewaters:A review[J].Ecol Eng,2014,73:724-751.
[5]殷志平,吴义锋,吕锡武.景观型与蔬菜型水平潜流湿地除磷动力学模型[J].化工学报,2016,67(5):2048-2055.Yin Zhiping,Wu Yifeng,LüXiwu.Kinetic modelling of total phosphorus removal in landscape type and vegetable type horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands[J].CIESC Journal,2016,67(5):2048-2055(in Chinese).
[6]Dzakpasu M,Scholz M,Mccarthy V,et al.Phosphorus retention and mass balance in an integrated constructed wetland treating domestic wastewater[J].Water Environ J,2015,29(2):298-306.
[7]Liolios K A,Moutsopoulos K N,Tsihrintzis V A.Modeling of flow and BOD fate in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands[J].Chem Eng J,2012,200/202:681-693.
[8]Andersen J H,Murray C,Kaartokallio H,et al.A simple method for confidence rating of eutrophication status classifications[J].Mar Pollut Bull,2010,60(6):919-924.
[9]吴琦平.乡村小型生活污水生物生态除磷脱氮技术研究[D].南京:东南大学,2008.Wu Qiping.The Technological Study on Bio-ecological Dephosphorization and Denitrogenation for Rural Sewage Treatment[D].Nanjing:Southeast University,2008(in Chinese).
[10]王凤香,王晓昌,郑于聪,等.不同潜流人工湿地对河流污染物的去除功效研究[J].水处理技术,2013,39(4):108-111,115.Wang Fengxiang,Wang Xiaochang,Zheng Yucong,et al.Pollutants removal in subsurface-flow constructed wetlands for treating polluted river water[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2013,39(4):108-111,115(in Chinese).
[11]谢龙,汪德爟.花叶芦竹潜流人工湿地处理生活污水的研究[J].中国给水排水,2009,25(5):89-91.Xie Long,Wang Deguan.Treatment of domestic sewage by subsurface-flow constructed wetland with Arundo Donax Var.Versicolor[J].China Water&Wastewater,2009,25(5):89-91(in Chinese).
[12]张跃峰,刘慎坦,谢祥峰,等.人工湿地处理农村生活污水的脱氮影响因素[J].江苏大学学报:自然科学版,2011,32(4):487-491.Zhang Yuefeng,Liu Shentan,Xie Xiangfeng,et al.Nitrogen removal of rural domestic sewage in subsurface constructed wetlands[J].Journal of Jiangsu University:Natural Science Edition,2011,32(4):487-491(in Chinese).
[13]周晓红,王国祥,杨飞,等.空心菜对不同形态氮吸收动力学特性研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(5):84-87.Zhou Xiaohong,Wang Guoxiang,Yang Fei,et al.Uptake kinetic characteristics of different ammonium and nitrate by ipomoea aquatica forsk[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,15(5):84-87(in Chinese).
[14]Penton C R,Deenik J L,Popp B N,et al.Importance of sub-surface rhizosphere-mediated coupled nitrificationdenitrification in a flooded agroecosystem in Hawaii[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2013,57:362-373.
[15]Martin M,Gargallo S,Hernández-Crespo C,et al.Phosphorus and nitrogen removal from tertiary treated urban wastewaters by a vertical flow constructed wetland[J].Ecol Eng,2013,61:34-42.