摘要
试验将6头安装永久性瘤胃瘘管以及门静脉、肝静脉以及股动脉慢性血管瘘的泌乳中期中国荷斯坦奶牛随机分为2组,研究不同精粗比日粮对奶牛瘤胃发酵与肝脏VFA代谢以及产奶性能的影响。结果显示:与低精料(LC)日粮组相比,高精料(HC)日粮组瘤胃液pH显著下降(P<0.05),丙酸浓度显著提高(P<0.05),乙酸/丙酸的比值有降低的趋势(P=0.06),但日粮对瘤胃液乙酸、丁酸和TVFA浓度影响不显著(P>0.05)。HC日粮能显著提高门静脉血浆中乙酸、丙酸、丁酸和TVFA(P<0.05)浓度。在两种日粮条件下,VFA肝静脉-门静脉血浆浓度差(H-P)均为负值。HC日粮显著增加丙酸和丁酸的H-P值(P<0.05)。与LC日粮相比,HC日粮显著增加乙酸和TVFA(P<0.05)的肝静脉-动脉血浆浓度差(HA),显著降低丙酸(P<0.05)H-A值。HC日粮显著提高门静脉、肝静脉和股动脉血浆中葡萄糖、β-羟丁酸和非酯化脂肪酸(P<0.05)浓度以及显著提高乳蛋白、乳中总固形物和非脂固形物(P<0.05)含量。试验结果表明,HC日粮可以改善奶牛瘤胃发酵、肝脏的VFA代谢以及生产性能。
Six lactating Holstein cows established ruminal cannula and chronic catheters in portal and hepatic veins and femoral artery were used in a randomized crossover trial to determine the effect of different concentrate to forage ratio on rumen fermentation,VFA metabolism in liver and milk performance.Compared with LC diet,HC diet decreased remarkedly(P<0.05)the average pH value,increased significantly(P<0.05)the propionate concentration and the ratio of propionate to butyrate(P=0.06),and there were no difference in the concentration of acetate,butyrate and total volatile fatty acid(TVFA)(P>0.05)in rumen fluid.The concentrations of acetate,propionate,butyrate and TVFA in the portal vein plasma in HC diets were significantly higher(P<0.05)than in LC diets.The hepatic-portal difference(HP)value of VFAs was negative between two diets.HC diets increased significantly(P<0.05)the HP value of propionate and butyrate and increased remarkably(P<0.05)the hepatic-arterial difference(HA)value of acetate and TVFA,while significantly decreased(P<0.05)the HA value of propionate.The plasma concentrations of glucose,β-hydroxybutyrate and nonesterified fatty acid were also increased significantly(P<0.05)in portal vein,hepatic vein and femoral artery in cow fed HC diets and increased significantly milk protein(P=0.05),total solid and non-fat solid(P<0.05).The results suggested that HC diets affect rumen fermentation,VFA metabolism of liver and improve milk performance in this experiment.
引文
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