红花种子萌发期抗旱性鉴定与评价
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摘要
为了探索红花耐旱机制及为选育耐旱品种提供理论依据,笔者研究了干旱胁迫对红花种质萌发及生长状况的影响。采用聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟干旱胁迫处理,对干旱胁迫下10个红花种质萌发率及幼苗生长指标进行测量,并对各测量指标进行模糊隶属函数分析。结果表明,低浓度的PEG对红花种子萌发有一定程度的促进作用;当浓度为15%时,对各指标的抑制作用明显,因此选用15%的PEG浓度鉴定红花种质的抗旱性。在干旱胁迫下红花发芽势、发芽率、下胚轴重、子叶重等降低,胚芽生长受到抑制,干旱对不同种质的根长和根重的影响不一致。通过种子萌发抗旱指数及隶属函数值对红花种质萌发期抗旱性进行综合评价,其中BXY1465为萌发期抗旱性强的材料,BXY512、BXY426、BXY1466以及BXY1859属于萌发期抗旱性中等的材料,BXY1805、BXY2527、BXY2110、BXY750以及WH0086属于萌发期抗性弱的材料。
To explore the drought tolerance mechanism of safflower and provide a basis for breeding drought tolerant varieties, we studied the effect of drought stress on the germination and growth of safflower germplasm.We measured the germination rate and seedling growth index of 10 safflower germplasm under drought stress which simulated by PEG-6000 and analyzed each measurement index by fuzzy subordinate function. The results showed that: low concentration(5%) of PEG had a positive effect on germination of safflower seeds,while 15% of PEG had a significant inhibitory effect on the germination. Therefor, 15% PEG concentration was used to identify the drought resistance of safflower germplasm. Under drought stress, the seed germination energy, the seed germination rate, hypocotyl weight and cotyledon weight of the 10 safflower germplasm all decreased, and the growth of embryos was inhibited; the effects of drought on the length and weight of root of different germplasm were inconsistent. Grain drought resistant index(GDRI) and subordinate function value are used to evaluate the comprehensive drought resistance at germination stage of 10 safflower germplasms,BXY1465 is the material with high drought resistance at germination stage, BXY512, BXY426, BXY1466 and BXY1859 are the materials with moderate drought resistance at germination stage, BXY1805, BXY2527,BXY2110, BXY750 and WH0086 are the materials with low drought resistance at germination stage.
To explore the drought tolerance mechanism of safflower and provide a basis for breeding drought tolerant varieties, we studied the effect of drought stress on the germination and growth of safflower germplasm.We measured the germination rate and seedling growth index of 10 safflower germplasm under drought stress which simulated by PEG-6000 and analyzed each measurement index by fuzzy subordinate function. The results showed that: low concentration(5%) of PEG had a positive effect on germination of safflower seeds,while 15% of PEG had a significant inhibitory effect on the germination. Therefor, 15% PEG concentration was used to identify the drought resistance of safflower germplasm. Under drought stress, the seed germination energy, the seed germination rate, hypocotyl weight and cotyledon weight of the 10 safflower germplasm all decreased, and the growth of embryos was inhibited; the effects of drought on the length and weight of root of different germplasm were inconsistent. Grain drought resistant index(GDRI) and subordinate function value are used to evaluate the comprehensive drought resistance at germination stage of 10 safflower germplasms,BXY1465 is the material with high drought resistance at germination stage, BXY512, BXY426, BXY1466 and BXY1859 are the materials with moderate drought resistance at germination stage, BXY1805, BXY2527,BXY2110, BXY750 and WH0086 are the materials with low drought resistance at germination stage.
引文
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[8]张军,刘红,李晓萍,等.干旱对小麦孕穗期叶片生理特性及产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2014,32(3):2-8.
[9]段义忠,张雄,亢福仁,等.绿豆抗旱指标鉴选与评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2014,32(6):256-261.
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[13] Kamoshita A, Babu R C, Boopathi N M, et al. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of drought-resistance traits for development of rice cultivars adapted torainfed environments[J].Field Crops Res,2008,109:1-23.
[14]张艳福,姚卫杰,郭其强,等.干旱胁迫对砂生槐种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2015,43(10):45-56.
[15]任磊,赵夏陆,许靖,等.4种茶菊对干旱胁迫的形态和生理响应[J].生态学报,2015,35(15):5131-5139.
[16]张庆华,向发云,曾祥,等.干旱胁迫下不同品种草莓生理响应及抗旱性评价[J].2018(2):30-37.
[17]胡晓艳,呼天明,李红星.草坪草马蹄金与结缕草种子萌发期抗旱性比较[J].草业科学,2006,23(1):89-92.
[18]罗俊杰,石有太,陈玉梁,等.甘肃不同色彩陆地棉抗旱指标筛选及评价研究[J].核农学报,2012,26(6):952-959.
[19]李忠旺,陈玉梁,罗俊杰,等.棉花抗旱品种筛选鉴定及抗旱性综合评价方法[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,33(1):240-247.
[20]苏秀红,宋小玲,强胜,等.不同地理种群紫茎泽兰种子萌发对干旱胁迫的响应[J].应用与环境生物学报,2005,11(3):308-311.
[2]郭丽芬,张跃,徐宁生,等.红花种质资源形态性状遗传多样性分析[J].热带作物学报,2015,36(1):83-91.
[3]郭丽芬,徐宁生,刘旭云,等.云南元谋干热河谷区红花种质资源抗旱性鉴定与评价研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(1):177-181.
[4]李威,张曦,谭勇,等.干旱胁迫对3个品种红花种子萌发的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(34):207-211.
[5]杜伟莉,高杰,卜令铎,等.玉米品种开花期抗旱性鉴定指标筛选[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(5):71-76.
[6]冷益丰,张彪,赵久然,等.转基因玉米种子萌发期抗旱性鉴定[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(1):178-182.
[7]胡树平,苏治军,于晓芳,等.玉米自交系抗旱相关性状的主成分分析与模糊聚类[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(6):81-88.
[8]张军,刘红,李晓萍,等.干旱对小麦孕穗期叶片生理特性及产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2014,32(3):2-8.
[9]段义忠,张雄,亢福仁,等.绿豆抗旱指标鉴选与评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2014,32(6):256-261.
[10]张彦军,苟作旺,王兴荣,等.胡麻种质萌发期抗旱性综合评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(3):520-527.
[11]侯建华,王茅雁,李明哲.玉米萌发期抗旱性鉴定的初步研究[J].内蒙古农牧学院学报,1994,15(3):19-22.
[12]高世铭,朱润身,何宝林.旱地作物有限补充供水与覆盖保水效果研究[J].西北农业学报1995,4(2):59-63.
[13] Kamoshita A, Babu R C, Boopathi N M, et al. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of drought-resistance traits for development of rice cultivars adapted torainfed environments[J].Field Crops Res,2008,109:1-23.
[14]张艳福,姚卫杰,郭其强,等.干旱胁迫对砂生槐种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2015,43(10):45-56.
[15]任磊,赵夏陆,许靖,等.4种茶菊对干旱胁迫的形态和生理响应[J].生态学报,2015,35(15):5131-5139.
[16]张庆华,向发云,曾祥,等.干旱胁迫下不同品种草莓生理响应及抗旱性评价[J].2018(2):30-37.
[17]胡晓艳,呼天明,李红星.草坪草马蹄金与结缕草种子萌发期抗旱性比较[J].草业科学,2006,23(1):89-92.
[18]罗俊杰,石有太,陈玉梁,等.甘肃不同色彩陆地棉抗旱指标筛选及评价研究[J].核农学报,2012,26(6):952-959.
[19]李忠旺,陈玉梁,罗俊杰,等.棉花抗旱品种筛选鉴定及抗旱性综合评价方法[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,33(1):240-247.
[20]苏秀红,宋小玲,强胜,等.不同地理种群紫茎泽兰种子萌发对干旱胁迫的响应[J].应用与环境生物学报,2005,11(3):308-311.