仿生水平分支结构聚乙二醇/聚丙烯超细纤维制备及其液体水平扩散性能
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摘要
为获得在水平方向液体具有快速扩散特性的材料,基于高速气流牵伸的熔喷成型技术,以聚乙二醇(PEG)和聚丙烯(PP)为原料,从仿生角度制备了具有水平分支结构的PEG/PP超细纤维材料,并对纤维的直径分布、排列形态、润湿时间以及水痕扩散面积进行测试。结果表明:不同直径的纤维在水平方向上随机分布,并呈现多根纳米纤维搭接于单根超细纤维的状态,形成仿生分支状网络结构,为液体沿纤维的快速传输提供了结构基础;纤维膜中直径在2 000 nm以上的纤维作为一级子分支,800～2 000 nm超细纤维构成二级子分支,800 nm以下的纳米纤维组成三级子分支,并可通过增大PEG的质量分数和熔体温度来调控三级子分支的密度;随三级子分支密度从186%增加至420%,纤维膜上表面浸润时间从3.234 s降低至2.215 s。
In order to develop the fabric with rapid liquid horizontal diffusion properties, polyethylene glycol(PEG)/polypropylene(PP) microfiber materials with horizontal branched structure were prepared from PEG and PP by high-speed airflow drafting-based melt-blowing. The diameter, arrangement morphology, wetting time and moisture welts of fibers were tested. The results show that fibers with different diameters are in random distribution in horizontal direction. In addition, multiple nanofibers attach the microfibers to form the horizontal branched structure, providing a structural basis for the liquid transmission along fibers. The fibers with diameter greater than 2 000 nm form the primary sub branches, the microfibers with the diameter of 800-2 000 nm form the secondary sub branches, and the nanofibers with the diameter small than 800 nm form the ternary sub branches. The network density of the ternary sub branches can be adjusted by increasing PEG ratio and melt spinning temperature. The wetting time of the upper surface of fibers decreases from 3.234 s to 2.215 s with network density increasing from 186% to 420%.
In order to develop the fabric with rapid liquid horizontal diffusion properties, polyethylene glycol(PEG)/polypropylene(PP) microfiber materials with horizontal branched structure were prepared from PEG and PP by high-speed airflow drafting-based melt-blowing. The diameter, arrangement morphology, wetting time and moisture welts of fibers were tested. The results show that fibers with different diameters are in random distribution in horizontal direction. In addition, multiple nanofibers attach the microfibers to form the horizontal branched structure, providing a structural basis for the liquid transmission along fibers. The fibers with diameter greater than 2 000 nm form the primary sub branches, the microfibers with the diameter of 800-2 000 nm form the secondary sub branches, and the nanofibers with the diameter small than 800 nm form the ternary sub branches. The network density of the ternary sub branches can be adjusted by increasing PEG ratio and melt spinning temperature. The wetting time of the upper surface of fibers decreases from 3.234 s to 2.215 s with network density increasing from 186% to 420%.
引文
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[2] IRZMASKA E, DUDKIEWICZ J. Preliminary evaluation of air laid nonwovens with superabsorbent for use in protective footwear: tests involving a thermal foot model and climatic chamber[J]. Fibers and Textiles in Eastern Europe, 2015, 23(6): 138-142.
[3] ZHANG C, TIAN W, LI D, et al. The high performances of SiO2-coated melt-blown non-woven fabric for lithium-ion battery separator[J]. The Journal of the Textile Institute, 2018, 109(9): 1254-1261.
[4] 张恒, 甄琪, 钱晓明,等. 聚酯/聚酰胺中空橘瓣型超细纤维非织造材料的孔径预测[J]. 纺织学报, 2018, 39(1): 56-61.ZHANG Heng, ZHEN Qi, QIAN Xiaoming, et al. Prediction of pore sizes of polyester/polyamide 6 hollow segmented-pie microfiber nonwovens[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2018, 39(1): 56-61.
[5] 张恒, 甄琪, 王俊南, 等. 梯度结构耐高温纤维过滤材料的结构与性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2016, 37(5): 17-22.ZHANG Heng, ZHEN Qi, WANG Junnan, et al. Structure and performance of high temperature resistant fibrous filters with gradient structure[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2016, 37(5): 17-22.
[6] LIU Zhi, HU Jie, ZHAO Yimeng, et al. Experimental and numerical studies on liquid wicking into filter papers for paper-based diagnostics[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015, 88(5):280-287.
[7] 李健男, 陈南梁, 余燕平,等. 新型改性熔喷无纺布润湿性能研究[J]. 高科技纤维与应用, 2016, 41(1): 59-65.LI Jiannan, CHEN Nanliang, YU Yanping, et al. Study on the wetting properties of several nonwoven fabrics[J]. Hi-Tech Fiber & Application, 2016, 41(1): 59-65.
[8] 苏张芸, 张才前, 叶青青,等. 丙纶锂离子熔喷电池 隔膜开发[J]. 科技视界, 2016(14): 60-60.SU Zhangyun, ZHANG Caiqian, YE Qingqing, et al. Development of polypropylene lithium ion meltblown battery diaphragm[J]. Science & Technology Vision, 2016(14): 60-60.
[9] 王洪, 沙长泓, 靳向煜. 亲水熔喷聚丙烯非织造镍氢电池隔膜[J]. 电池, 2013, 43(3): 166-169.WANG Hong, SHA Changhong, JIN Xiangyu. Hydrophilic polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven as Ni/MH battery separator[J]. Battery Bimonthly, 2013, 43(3): 166-169.
[10] NELSON-SATHI S, SOUSA F L, ROETTGER M, et al. Origins of major archaeal clades correspond to gene acquisitions from bacteria[J]. Nature, 2015, 517(7532): 77-80.
[11] SHOU D, FAN J. The fastest capillary penetration of power-law fluids[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2015, 137: 583-589.
[12] SHOU D, YE L, FAN J, et al. Geometry-induced asymmetric capillary flow[J]. Langmuir, 2014, 30(19): 5448-5454.
[13] FAN J, ZHU N, LIU Z, et al. A model for allometric permeation in fractal branching channel net driven by capillary pressure[J]. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 2015, 25(8): 1886-1895.
[14] 周艳卫. 基于仿生学的针织面料结构开发及其热湿舒适性能研究[D]. 上海:东华大学, 2010: 17-19.ZHOU Yanwei. Development of knitted structures based on biomimetics for heat and moisture comfort clothing[D]. Shanghai: Donghua University, 2010: 17-19.
[15] 潘莹萍, 陈亚鹏. 叶片水力性状研究进展[J]. 生态学杂志, 2014, 33(10):2834-2841.PAN Yingping, CHEN Yapeng. Recent advances in leaf hydraulic traits[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2014, 33(10):2834-2841.
[16] BRODRIBB T J, JORDAN G J. Water supply and demand remain balanced during leaf acclimation of Nothofagus cunninghamii trees[J]. New Phytologist, 2011, 192(2):437.
[17] 迟长龙, 于翔, 李静静,等. PP/PEG共混体系熔体流变性能研究[J]. 塑料科技, 2013, 41(5):43-47.CHI Changlong, YU Xiang, LI Jingjing, et al. Research on melt rheological properties of pp/pet blends[J]. Plastics Science & Technology, 2013, 41(5):43-47.