摘要
目的了解上海市虹口区公共场所室内空气中甲醛和氨浓度水平状况及影响因素。方法 2011—2017年上海市虹口区内的旅店、文化娱乐场所、美容美发店、商场、医院候诊室、饭馆这六类共361家公共场所进行室内空气甲醛浓度的监测;对123家美容美发店进行室内空气氨浓度的监测。室内空气甲醛和氨的监测、检测、评价都按照国家卫生标准进行。结果共监测公共场所空气甲醛839件,氨188件,平均浓度分别为0.044 mg/m3和0.39 mg/m3。不同年份甲醛和氨的浓度和超标率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。不同季节公共场所室内空气中甲醛和氨的浓度和超标率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。温度与公共场所室内空气中甲醛的浓度有相关性(r=0.157,P<0.05)。不同类型公共场所室内空气中甲醛的浓度和超标率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论公共场所室内空气甲醛和氨在夏季浓度高于其他季节,美容美发店甲醛和氨的浓度高,应继续加强监管力度。
[Objective] To understand the concentrations of formaldehyde and ammonia,as well as the influencing factors in indoor air in public places in Hongkou district of Shanghai.[Methods]From 2011-2017, formaldehyde concentration in indoor air in 361 public places including hotels, cultural and entertainment venues, beauty salons, shopping malls, hospital waiting rooms and restaurants was monitored, and ammonia concentration in indoor air in 123 beauty salons was monitored. The monitoring, testing and evaluation of formaldehyde and ammonia were conducted in accordance with national health standards.[Results]A total of 839 formaldehyde samples and 188 ammonia samples in public places air were monitored, and the average concentration of formaldehyde and ammonia were 0.044 mg/m3 and 0.39 mg/m3. The differences of concentration and exceeding standard rate of formaldehyde and ammonia in different years and seasons were statistically significant(all P<0.05). The concentration of formaldehyde in indoor air in public places was related to the temperature(r=0.157, P<0.05). The differences of concentration and exceeding standard rate of formaldehyde in different types of public places were statistically significant(all P<0.05).[Conclusion]The concentration of formaldehyde and ammonia in indoor air in public places is higher in summer than in other seasons, and the concentration of formaldehyde and ammonia is high in beauty salons. We should continue to strengthen the supervision.
引文
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