论刑事电子证据收集程序的基本原则
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摘要
刑事电子证据作为电子时代重要的新兴证据种类,对于保障人权、维护公民尊严乃至促进依法治国建设具有重要意义。目前,刑事电子证据收集程序存在种种问题,从实体性问题到程序性问题,不一而足。确立正确的基本原则可以为这些问题的解决提供正确的价值取向与目标愿景。根据刑事电子证据规则体系的精神实质与价值取向,刑事电子证据收集程序的基本原则应当确定为程序原则、比例原则、民主原则、可靠原则以及前瞻原则。刑事电子证据收集程序可在立法、侦查、审判等环节将这些原则付诸实践,从而实现自身的完善。
As an important kind of new emerging evidence in the electronic age,the criminal electronic evidence has great significance in protecting human rights,safeguarding national dignity and enhancing governing the country by law. At present,there are many problems,including substantive problems and procedural matters,in the collection process of criminal electronic evidences. To establish correct fundamental principles can provide right value orientation and goal to solve these problems. In accordance with the standards of spiritual essence and value orientation,the collection process of criminal electronic evidences should contain the following fundamental principles such as the procedural principle,the proportional principle,the principle of democracy,the principle of reliability and the predictable principle. The principles of the collection process of criminal electronic evidences can be implemented in the stage of legislation,investigation and trial so as to improve the collection process itself.
As an important kind of new emerging evidence in the electronic age,the criminal electronic evidence has great significance in protecting human rights,safeguarding national dignity and enhancing governing the country by law. At present,there are many problems,including substantive problems and procedural matters,in the collection process of criminal electronic evidences. To establish correct fundamental principles can provide right value orientation and goal to solve these problems. In accordance with the standards of spiritual essence and value orientation,the collection process of criminal electronic evidences should contain the following fundamental principles such as the procedural principle,the proportional principle,the principle of democracy,the principle of reliability and the predictable principle. The principles of the collection process of criminal electronic evidences can be implemented in the stage of legislation,investigation and trial so as to improve the collection process itself.
引文
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[2]熊秋红.中国语境下的刑事司法改革[J].法商研究,2007(6):3-8.
[3]李震山.人性尊严与人权保护[M].台北:元照出版公司,2001:100.
[4]郭云忠.刑事诉讼谦抑论[D/OL].北京:中国政法大学,2005:115[2018-5-24]. http://www. doc88. com/p-4357429885802. html.
[5]公丕祥.法制现代化的理论逻辑[M].北京:中国政法大学出版社,1999:78.
[6]余敏.浅谈我国刑事诉讼见证人制度的问题及对策[EB/OL].(2015-11-04)[2018-5-25]. http://www. jcrb. com/procuratorate/theories/academic/201511/t20151104_1560766. html.
[7]姚建涛.现代侦查理念探析[C]//樊崇义教授70华诞庆贺文集编辑组.刑事诉讼法哲理探索.北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,2010:258-268.
[8]康德.法的形而上学原理[M].沈叔平,译.北京:商务印书馆,1977:40.
[9]黄跃进.浅析电子证据的收集和审查判断[EB/OL].(2012-11-27)[2018-5-25]. http://www. cajcd.cn/pub/wml. txt/980810-2. html.
[10]范剑虹.欧盟与德国的比例原则——內涵、渊源、适用与在中国的借鉴[J].浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2000(5):98-103.
[11]戴士剑,刘品新.电子证据调查指南[M].北京:中国检察出版社,2014:17.
[12]魏勇.电子数据的关联性实证研究[J].中国刑警学院学报,2017(2):11-15.