多自由度永磁同步电机转子动力学特性分析
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摘要
多自由度永磁同步电机含有球壳型转子,电机额定转速接近临界转速时,电机会产生多重共振,影响电机正常运行;电机转子转速需穿越1阶模态的临界转速,工作在1阶模态临界转速和2阶模态临界转速之间的安全范围。根据转子系统动力学特性,建立自由状态下的转子数学模型,对有限元法与解析法进行对比分析;分析了转子陀螺效应对临界转速的影响,并进行了转子轴承刚度对临界转速是否有影响的有限元验证;测试了不同转子轴承刚度情况下,弯曲模态与形变位移之间的关系;通过实验验证球形转子的转速与振幅之间的关系,总结出相应的规律,为该类电机的优化设计和控制提供了理论依据和数据。
the spherical shell rotor is contained in the multi-degrees-of-freedom permanent magnet synchronous motor. When the rated speed of motor is close to the critical speed, the motor will generate multiple resonances, which will affect the normal operation of the motor. The rotor must pass through the first-order critical speed and work at the safety range between 1-order and 2-order critical speed.According to the dynamic characteristics of rotor system, a mathematical model of rotor under free state is established, and the results of the finite element method and the analytic method are compared and analyzed. The influence of rotor gyroscope effect on critical speed is analyzed, and the finite element verification of whether the rigidity of rotor material affects the critical speed, which is also carried out.The relationship between bending modal and deformation displacement is tested under different rigidity conditions. The relationship between the rotational speed and the vibration amplitude of the spherical rotor is verified by experiments, and the corresponding rules are summarized, which provides the theoretical reference and data for the optimal design and control of this kind of motors.
the spherical shell rotor is contained in the multi-degrees-of-freedom permanent magnet synchronous motor. When the rated speed of motor is close to the critical speed, the motor will generate multiple resonances, which will affect the normal operation of the motor. The rotor must pass through the first-order critical speed and work at the safety range between 1-order and 2-order critical speed.According to the dynamic characteristics of rotor system, a mathematical model of rotor under free state is established, and the results of the finite element method and the analytic method are compared and analyzed. The influence of rotor gyroscope effect on critical speed is analyzed, and the finite element verification of whether the rigidity of rotor material affects the critical speed, which is also carried out.The relationship between bending modal and deformation displacement is tested under different rigidity conditions. The relationship between the rotational speed and the vibration amplitude of the spherical rotor is verified by experiments, and the corresponding rules are summarized, which provides the theoretical reference and data for the optimal design and control of this kind of motors.
引文
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[2]张凤阁,杜光辉,王天煜,等.高速电机发展与设计综述[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(7):1-18.Zhang Fengge,Du Guanghui,Wang Tianyu,et al.Review on development and design of high speedmachines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(7):1-18.
[3]刘威,陈进华,张驰,等.考虑轴间填充物的高速永磁电机转子强度分析[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(5):1024-1031.Liu Wei,Chen Jinhua,Zhang Chi,et al.Strength analysis of high speed permanent magnet machine rotor with inter-shaft filling[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(5):1024-1031.
[4]邱家俊.机电耦联动力系统的非线性振动[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.
[5]李争,王群京.永磁多维球形电动机的研究与发展现状[J].微特电机,2006,34(10):7-11.Li Zheng,Wang Qunjing.The present research and development situation of permanent magnet spherical motor of multi-dimensions[J].Small&Special Electrical Machines,2006,34(10):7-11.
[6]Li Zheng,Lun Qingqing,Xing Dianhui,et al.Analysis and implementation of a 3-dof deflection-type pm motor[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2015,51(11):1-4.
[7]闫阿儒.新型稀土永磁材料与永磁电机[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.
[8]张凤阁,杜光辉,王天煜,等.1.12 MW高速永磁电机多物理场综合设计[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(12):171-180.Zhang Fengge,Du Guanghui,Wang Tianyu,et al.Integrated design of 1.12 MW high speed PM machine based on multi-physics fields[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(12):171-180.
[9]Cameron D E,Lang J H,Umans S D.The origin and reduction of acoustic noise in doubly salient variablereluctance motors[J].Industry Applications IEEETransactions on Industry Applications,1992,28(6):1250-1255.
[10]李红伟,于文涛,刘淑琴.基于ANSYS的磁悬浮挠性转子模态分析与设计[J].中国机械工程,201425(11):1447-1452.Li Hongwei,Yu Wentao,Liu Shuqin.Mode analysis and design of maglev flexible rotor with ANSYS[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2014,25(11):1447-1452.
[11]王海兵,赵荣祥,汤胜清,等.永磁同步电机位置检测偏差对驱动系统性能的影响研究[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(4):910-918.Wang Haibing,Zhao Rongxiang,Tang Shengqing,et al.Research on the influence of the position detection error to the pmsm drive system[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(4):910-918.
[12]Li Zheng,Xing Dianhui.Analysis of magnetic field and oil film bearing characteristics of a novel hybrid drive multi-DOF permanent magnet motor[C]//2016 IEEE 11th Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications,Hefei,China,2016:239-244.
[13]李争,伦青青,薛增涛,等.永磁转子偏转式三自由度电机磁场和转矩特性的计算与分析[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(23):222-231.Li Zheng,Lun Qingqing,Xue Zengtao,et al.Calculation and analysis of magnetic field and torque characteristics for 3-dof deflection type PM motor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(23):222-231.
[14]杜光辉,黄娜,张凤阁,等.大功率高速永磁电机柔性转子系统模态分析[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(22):101-107.Du Guanghui,Huang Na,Zhang Fengge,et al.Modal analysis of the flexible rotor system for high-power high-speed permanent magnet machine[J].Transactions of China ElectrotechnicalSociety,2017,32(22):101-107.
[15]卢南方,张宇,杨立,等.高速永磁无刷电机转子模态分析与试验研究[J].机械设计与制造,2018,6(6):76-81.Lu Nanfang,Zhang Yu,Yang Li,et al.Modal analysis and experiment research rotor of high-speed permanent magnet brushless motors[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2018,6(6):76-81.
[16]刘威,陈进华,崔志琴,等.高速永磁电机碳纤维护套转子综合特性研究[J].微特电机,2017,45(12):1-4.Liu Wei,Chen Jinhua,Cui Zhiqin,et al.Study on comprehensive characteristics of carbon fiber retaining rotor in high speed permanent magnet machine[J].Small&Special Electrical Machines,2017,45(12):1-4.
[17]黄梓嫄,韩邦成,周银锋.非线性接触下磁悬浮电机柔性转子系统模态分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(15):2438-2444.Huang Ziyuan,Han Bangcheng,Zhou Yinfeng.Modal analysis of the flexible rotor system of magneticlevitation motors under nonlinear contact[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(15):2438-2444.
[18]Chen S Y,Kung C,Liao T T,et al.Dynamic effects of the interference fit of motor rotor on the stiffness of a high speed rotating shaft[J].Transactions-Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering,2014,34(34):243-261.
[19]王林军,曹慧萍.基于ANSYS-Workbench的转子模态分析[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(6):89-93.Wang Linjun,Cao Huiping.Modal analysis of rotorbased on ANSYS-Workbench[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Sciences),2014,36(6):89-93.
[20]Cho H W,Ko K J,Choi J Y,et al.Rotor natural frequency in high-speed permanent-magnet synchronous motor for turbo-compressor application[J]IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(10):4258-4261.
[21]Li Zheng,Chen Qiushuo,Zhi Ruodong,et al.Analysis on oil film force of hydrostatic bearing for multidegree-of-freedom pmmotor[C]//2017 IEEE International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent Systems(CIS)and IEEE Conference on Robotics,Automation and Mechatronics(RAM),Ningbo,China,2017:671-675.
[22]Kolondzovski Z,Sallinen P,Belahcen A,et al.Rotor dynamic analysis of different rotor structures for highspeed permanent-magnet electrical machines[J].LETElectric Power Applications,2010,4(7):516-524