基于三弯矩法的环曲面金刚石切削刀具路径规划及其仿真分析
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摘要
为解决环曲面加工困难的问题,对环曲面金刚石切削方法进行研究。在刀具路径规划中,使用了刀触点综合离散方法,该方法结合了等角度离散与等弧长离散的优点;提出了通过控制相邻刀触点间Z向距离以减小刀具的Z向移动从而提高离散精度的方法。根据加工时刀位点插补的特点,应用三弯矩法计算插补入口参数,实现插值函数的二阶导数连续。仿真分析表明,综合离散方法能够减小离散误差,使用三弯矩法进行插补计算可将最大插值误差由Hermite插值的0.35μm减小至0.001 2μm,效果明显。加工试验结果表明,该路径规划方法可用于环曲面的加工,且能改善工件的加工质量。
In order to solve the difficult machining problems,the diamond turning of toric surfaces was discussed. In the tool path generating processes,an integrated discretization method was proposed for the discretization of cutting contact points. Besides,the distances in Z direction of adjacent cutting contact points were set up to reduce the tool movements resulting in the decrease of discretization errors.For the interpolation of cutting location points,the three bending moment method was proposed to realize the continuous of second order derivative. The simulation results indicate that the integrated discretization method may reduce discretization errors and the interpolation errors were decreased from 0.35 μm to 0.001 2 μm. The experimental results show that the tool path generation is practicable and the surface quality of workpiece will be improved.
In order to solve the difficult machining problems,the diamond turning of toric surfaces was discussed. In the tool path generating processes,an integrated discretization method was proposed for the discretization of cutting contact points. Besides,the distances in Z direction of adjacent cutting contact points were set up to reduce the tool movements resulting in the decrease of discretization errors.For the interpolation of cutting location points,the three bending moment method was proposed to realize the continuous of second order derivative. The simulation results indicate that the integrated discretization method may reduce discretization errors and the interpolation errors were decreased from 0.35 μm to 0.001 2 μm. The experimental results show that the tool path generation is practicable and the surface quality of workpiece will be improved.
引文
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[4]孙昌瑞.微特征光学曲面慢刀伺服单点金刚石车削理论与技术研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2017.SUN Changrui.Theoretical and Technological Research on Micro-structure Optical Surface of Slow Tool Serve for Single Point Diamond Turning[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2017.
[5]余德平,刘金光,黄玮海,等.慢刀伺服变主轴转速车削非圆截面元件研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2016,48(6):114-118.YU Deping,LIU Jinguang,HUANG Weihai,et al.Research on Variable Spindle Speed in Slow Tool Servo Turning of Noncircular Section Components[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2016,48(6):114-118.
[6]王兴盛,康敏.基于Hermite插值的复杂光学曲面车削加工路径规划[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(11):191-198.WANG Xingsheng,KANG Min.Cutting Path Planning for Complex optical Surface Using Hermite Interpolation[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,48(11):191-198.
[7]WANG X S,FU X,LI C,et al.Tool Path Generation for Slow Tool Servo Turning of Complex Optical Surfaces[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2015,79(1/4):437-448.
[8]牛恒泰,康敏,何成奎,等.离散曲面慢刀伺服车削刀具路径规划[J].机械科学与技术.[2018-02-07].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/61.1114.TH.20171106.1612.034.html.NIU Hengtai,KANG Min,HE Chengkui,et al.Cutting Path Planning for Slow Tool Servo Turning of Discrete Surface[J].Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering.[2018-02-07].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/61.1114.TH.20171106.1612.034.html.
[9]CHEN X,KANG M,WANG X,et al.Tool Path Optimal Design for Slow Tool Servo Turning of Complex Optical Surface[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B:Journal of Engineering Manufacture,2016,231(5):825-837.
[10]雷金贵,蒋勇,陈文兵.数值计算方法理论与典型例题选讲[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.LEI Jingui,JIANG Yong,CHEN Wenbing.Theory of Numerical Calculation Method and Typical Examples[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012.