基于监测业务数据的海域使用强度空间表征方法
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摘要
为了及时、有效地评估海域开发现状,科学反映海洋资源环境承载力与开发负载之间的协调程度,利用地理信息空间数据分析的核密度原理,在研究海域使用强度概念的基础上,设计了一套以海域使用监测业务数据为数据源,根据海域使用范围、类型和方式评估海域使用负载,以海域使用负载的空间密度表征海域使用强度的思路和方法,并以渤海区为例进行了实证研究.结果表明:渤海区海域使用强度空间分异明显,有多个集聚区域,呈现"高值核心式"聚集和"较高值平摊式"聚集2种分布态势,海域使用强度空间分布特征与已有认知和研究成果基本一致,表明评估方法总体有效;该方法所需资料易得,操作易行,可以满足大尺度范围内海域使用强度的快速评估要求.
To evaluate current situation of marine development timely and effectively and to show the coordinate on degree between the environmental carrying capacity of marine resources and the load of sea use scientifically, a set of ideas and methods were designed using nuclear density theory of the spatial analysis in GIS based on the study of sea area use intensi-ty concept, and the empirical study was proceeded by taking Bohai Sea as an example. This set of ideas and methods take the monitoring transaction data of sea area use as data source and evaluate the load of sea area use based on the range, type and pattern of sea area use, and represent the sea area use intensity using spatial density of sea area use load. The results reveal that the evaluated sea area use intensity is un-uniform in Bohai Sea with several aggregation areas in two distribution type of"high value core"aggregation and"higher value flat"aggregation. The spatial distribution characteristics of sea area use intensity is basically consistent with the previous cognitions and research results which indicate that the evaluation methods in this study are generally effective. Meanwhile this method satisfies the demands for the rapid assessment of sea use intensity in large scale areas, and its information is accessible and operation is easy.
To evaluate current situation of marine development timely and effectively and to show the coordinate on degree between the environmental carrying capacity of marine resources and the load of sea use scientifically, a set of ideas and methods were designed using nuclear density theory of the spatial analysis in GIS based on the study of sea area use intensi-ty concept, and the empirical study was proceeded by taking Bohai Sea as an example. This set of ideas and methods take the monitoring transaction data of sea area use as data source and evaluate the load of sea area use based on the range, type and pattern of sea area use, and represent the sea area use intensity using spatial density of sea area use load. The results reveal that the evaluated sea area use intensity is un-uniform in Bohai Sea with several aggregation areas in two distribution type of"high value core"aggregation and"higher value flat"aggregation. The spatial distribution characteristics of sea area use intensity is basically consistent with the previous cognitions and research results which indicate that the evaluation methods in this study are generally effective. Meanwhile this method satisfies the demands for the rapid assessment of sea use intensity in large scale areas, and its information is accessible and operation is easy.
引文
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[7]曹可,张志峰,马红伟,等.基于海洋功能区划的海域开发利用承载力评价—以津冀海域为例[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(3):320-326.CAO K,ZHANG Z F,MA H W,et al. Capacity for resource exploitation based on marine functional zones:A case study in the Tianjin-Hebei coastal area[J]. Progress in Geography,2017.36(3):320-326(in Chinese).
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[13]许宁,高志强,宁吉才.基于分形维数的环渤海地区海岸线变迁及成因分析[J].海洋学研究,2016,34(1):45-51.XU N,GAO Z Q,NING J C. Spatial-temporal variations of coastlines cause analysis[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences,2016,34(1):45-51(in Chinese).
[14]许宁.中国大陆海岸线及海岸工程时空变化研究[D].烟台:中国科学院大学,2016.XU N. Research on Spatial and Temporal Variation of China Mainland Coastline and Coastal Engineering[D]. Yantai:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016(in Chinese).
[15]刘永超,李加林,袁麒翔,等.人类活动对港湾岸线及景观变迁影响的比较研究—以中国象山港与美国坦帕湾为例[J].地理学报,2016,76(1):86-103.LIU Y C,LI J L,YUAN Q X,et al. Comparative research on the impact of human activities on changes in coastline and landscape in bay areas:A case study with Xiangshangang Bay,China and Tampa Bay,USA[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2016,76(1):86-103(in Chinese).
[16]陈鹏,傅世锋,文超祥,等. 1989—2010年间厦门湾滨海湿地人为干扰影响评价及景观响应[J].应用海洋学学报,2014,33(2):167-173.CHEN P,FU S F,WEN C X,et al. Assessment of impact on coastal wetland of Xiamen Bay and response of landscape pattern from human disturbance from 1989 to 2010[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography,2014,33(2):167-173(in Chinese).
[17] JIN Y J,YANG W,SUN T,et al. Effects of seashore reclamation activities on the health of wetland ecosystems:A case study in the Yellow River Delta,China[J]. Ocean&Coastal Management,2016,23:44-52.
[18] WU Z X,YU Z M,SONG X X. A methodology for assessing and mapping pressure of human activities on coastal region based on stepwise logic decision process and GIS technology[J]. Ocean&Coastal Management,2016,120:80-87.
[19]侯西勇,侯婉,毋亭. 20世纪40年代初以来中国大陆沿海主要海湾形态变化[J].地理学报,2016,71(1):118-129.HOU X Y,HOU W,WU T. Shape changes of major gulfs along the mainland of China since the early 1940s[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2016,71(1):118-129(in Chinese).
[20]张君珏,苏奋振,左秀玲,等.南海周边海岸带开发利用空间分异[J].地理学报,2015,70(2):319-332.ZHANG J J,SU F Z,ZUO X L,et al. Research on the spatial differentiation of coastal land development surrounding South China Sea[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(2):319-332(in Chinese).
[21]满德如.珠海市陆海统筹“一张图”发展策略研究[C]//中国城市规划学会.持续发展理性规划—2017中国城市规划年会论文集.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2017.DE M R. Study on the development strategy of“one map”of Zhuhai city Land-Sea coordination[C]//Annual National Planning Conference. Rational Planning for Sustainable Development-Annual National Planning Conference 2017. Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2017(in Chinese).
[22] SILIVERMAN B W. Density Estimation for Statistics and Data Analysis[M]. US:Chapman&Hall,1998:76.
[23]刘琴琴.基于3S技术的广东省围填海调查与分析[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2010.LIU Q Q. Survey and Analysis of Sea Reclamations in Guangdong Province Based on 3S Technology[D]. Qingdao:Shandong University of Science and Technology,2010(in Chinese).
[24]高志强,刘向阳,宁吉才,等.基于遥感的近30 a中国海岸线和围填海面积变化及成因分析[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(12):144-147.GAO Z Q,LIU X Y,NING J C,et al. Analysis on changes in coastline and reclamation area and its causes based on 30-year satellite data in China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(12):144-147(in Chinese).
[25]徐进勇,张增祥,赵晓丽,等. 2000—2012年中国北方海岸线时空变化分析[J].地理学报,2013,68(5):651-660.XU J Y,ZHANG Z X,ZHAO X L,et al. Spatial-temporal analysis of coastline changes in northern China from 2000 to 2012[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2013,68(5):651-660(in Chinese).
[26]禹文豪,艾廷华,刘鹏程,等.设施POI分布热点分析的网络核密度估计方法[J].测绘学报,2015,44(12):1378-1383.YU W H,AI T H,LIU P C,et al. Network kernel density estimation for the analysis of facility POI hot spots[J]. Acta Ueodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2015,44(12):1378-1383(in Chinese).
[2] LI F,XU M,LIU Q,et al. Ecological restoration zoning for a marine protected area:A case study of Haizhouwan National Marine Park,China[J]. Ocean&Coastal Management,2014,98:158-166.
[3] FORST M F. The convergence of integrated coastal zone management and the ecosystems approach[J]. Ocean&Coastal Management,2009(52):294-306.
[4]孟伟庆,胡蓓蓓,刘百桥,等.基于生态系统的海洋管理:概念、原则、框架与实践途径[J].地球科学进展,2016,1(5):461-470.MENG W Q,HU B B,LIU B Q,et al. Marine ecosystem—based management:Definition,principles,framework and practice[J]. Advances in Earth Science,2016,31(5):461-470(in Chinese).
[5]杨正先,张志峰,韩建波,等.海洋资源环境承载能力超载阈值确定方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(3):313-319.YANG Z X,ZHANG Z F,HAN J B,et al. Thresholds determination of marine re-source and environmental carrying capacity[J]. Progress in Geography,2017,36(3):313-319(in Chinese).
[6]张鹏,张荣,杨红,等.海域生态承载力评价指标体系研究—以南通市为例[J].海洋环境科学,2017,36(1):144-148.ZHANG P,ZHANG H,YANG H,et al. Research on marine ecological carrying capacity of indicator:A case in Nantong[J]. Marine Environme-ntal Science,2017,36(1):144-148(in Chinese).
[7]曹可,张志峰,马红伟,等.基于海洋功能区划的海域开发利用承载力评价—以津冀海域为例[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(3):320-326.CAO K,ZHANG Z F,MA H W,et al. Capacity for resource exploitation based on marine functional zones:A case study in the Tianjin-Hebei coastal area[J]. Progress in Geography,2017.36(3):320-326(in Chinese).
[8]中华人民共和国第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会.中华人民共和国海域使用管理法[S]. 2001.The Ninth NPC Standing Committee of People′s Republic of China. Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of the Use of Sea Areas[S]. 2001.(in Chinese)
[9]付元宾,曹可,王飞,等.填海强度与潜力定量评价方法初探[J].海洋开发与管理,2010,27(1):27-30.FU Y B,CAO K,WANG F,et al. Preliminary study on quantitative evaluation method of reclamation intensity and potential[J]. Ocean Development and Management,2010,27(1):27-30(in Chinese).
[10]刘百桥,孟伟庆,赵建华,等.中国大陆1990—2013年海岸线资源开发利用特征变化[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(12):2033-2044.LIU B Q,MENG W Q,ZHAO J H,et al. Variation of coastline resources utilization in China from 1990 to 2013[J]. Journal of Natural Resources,2015,30(12):2033-2044(in Chinese).
[11]陈玮彤,张东,韩飞,等.江苏南通沿岸围填海强度与潜力定量评价研究[J].海洋通报,2015,34(4):443-449.CHEN W T,ZHANG D,HAN F,et al. Study on the quantitative assessment of coastal reclamation intensity and development potential in Nantong of Jiangsu[J]. Marine Science Bulletin,2015,34(4):443-449(in Chinese).
[12]吴文挺,田波,周云轩,等.中国海岸带围垦遥感分析[J].生态学报,2016,36(16):5007-5016.WU W T,TIAN B,ZHOU Y X,et al. The trends of coastal reclamation in China in the past three decades[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(16):5007-5016(in Chinese).
[13]许宁,高志强,宁吉才.基于分形维数的环渤海地区海岸线变迁及成因分析[J].海洋学研究,2016,34(1):45-51.XU N,GAO Z Q,NING J C. Spatial-temporal variations of coastlines cause analysis[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences,2016,34(1):45-51(in Chinese).
[14]许宁.中国大陆海岸线及海岸工程时空变化研究[D].烟台:中国科学院大学,2016.XU N. Research on Spatial and Temporal Variation of China Mainland Coastline and Coastal Engineering[D]. Yantai:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016(in Chinese).
[15]刘永超,李加林,袁麒翔,等.人类活动对港湾岸线及景观变迁影响的比较研究—以中国象山港与美国坦帕湾为例[J].地理学报,2016,76(1):86-103.LIU Y C,LI J L,YUAN Q X,et al. Comparative research on the impact of human activities on changes in coastline and landscape in bay areas:A case study with Xiangshangang Bay,China and Tampa Bay,USA[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2016,76(1):86-103(in Chinese).
[16]陈鹏,傅世锋,文超祥,等. 1989—2010年间厦门湾滨海湿地人为干扰影响评价及景观响应[J].应用海洋学学报,2014,33(2):167-173.CHEN P,FU S F,WEN C X,et al. Assessment of impact on coastal wetland of Xiamen Bay and response of landscape pattern from human disturbance from 1989 to 2010[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography,2014,33(2):167-173(in Chinese).
[17] JIN Y J,YANG W,SUN T,et al. Effects of seashore reclamation activities on the health of wetland ecosystems:A case study in the Yellow River Delta,China[J]. Ocean&Coastal Management,2016,23:44-52.
[18] WU Z X,YU Z M,SONG X X. A methodology for assessing and mapping pressure of human activities on coastal region based on stepwise logic decision process and GIS technology[J]. Ocean&Coastal Management,2016,120:80-87.
[19]侯西勇,侯婉,毋亭. 20世纪40年代初以来中国大陆沿海主要海湾形态变化[J].地理学报,2016,71(1):118-129.HOU X Y,HOU W,WU T. Shape changes of major gulfs along the mainland of China since the early 1940s[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2016,71(1):118-129(in Chinese).
[20]张君珏,苏奋振,左秀玲,等.南海周边海岸带开发利用空间分异[J].地理学报,2015,70(2):319-332.ZHANG J J,SU F Z,ZUO X L,et al. Research on the spatial differentiation of coastal land development surrounding South China Sea[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2015,70(2):319-332(in Chinese).
[21]满德如.珠海市陆海统筹“一张图”发展策略研究[C]//中国城市规划学会.持续发展理性规划—2017中国城市规划年会论文集.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2017.DE M R. Study on the development strategy of“one map”of Zhuhai city Land-Sea coordination[C]//Annual National Planning Conference. Rational Planning for Sustainable Development-Annual National Planning Conference 2017. Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2017(in Chinese).
[22] SILIVERMAN B W. Density Estimation for Statistics and Data Analysis[M]. US:Chapman&Hall,1998:76.
[23]刘琴琴.基于3S技术的广东省围填海调查与分析[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2010.LIU Q Q. Survey and Analysis of Sea Reclamations in Guangdong Province Based on 3S Technology[D]. Qingdao:Shandong University of Science and Technology,2010(in Chinese).
[24]高志强,刘向阳,宁吉才,等.基于遥感的近30 a中国海岸线和围填海面积变化及成因分析[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(12):144-147.GAO Z Q,LIU X Y,NING J C,et al. Analysis on changes in coastline and reclamation area and its causes based on 30-year satellite data in China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(12):144-147(in Chinese).
[25]徐进勇,张增祥,赵晓丽,等. 2000—2012年中国北方海岸线时空变化分析[J].地理学报,2013,68(5):651-660.XU J Y,ZHANG Z X,ZHAO X L,et al. Spatial-temporal analysis of coastline changes in northern China from 2000 to 2012[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2013,68(5):651-660(in Chinese).
[26]禹文豪,艾廷华,刘鹏程,等.设施POI分布热点分析的网络核密度估计方法[J].测绘学报,2015,44(12):1378-1383.YU W H,AI T H,LIU P C,et al. Network kernel density estimation for the analysis of facility POI hot spots[J]. Acta Ueodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2015,44(12):1378-1383(in Chinese).