香榧枝叶黄化与营养元素丰缺的相关性
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摘要
在香榧主产区浙江省嵊州市长乐镇,分别以15年生香榧正常树、黄化树的1年生、2年生枝叶为研究对象,测定枝叶的营养元素含量,探讨枝叶黄化与各营养元素丰缺的相关性。结果表明:黄化枝的叶片N、Mn元素含量均高于正常枝,Ca、Mg元素含量均低于正常枝,随黄化程度加剧,Mn元素含量呈现上升趋势,Ca、Mg元素含量呈现下降趋势;黄化枝的枝条N、P、Mn元素含量水平高于正常枝,Fe元素含量水平低于正常枝,随黄化程度加剧,Mn元素含量呈现上升趋势,Fe元素含量呈现下降趋势。由此推断,香榧枝条黄化与Ca、Mg、Fe元素水平低下及N、Mn元素水平过高有一定关系,生产中可通过适量减少N肥施用量,增加Ca、Mg、Fe等元素的施用,同时结合土壤物理性质改良加以防治。
With both one-and two-year-old shoots and leaves collected from a 15-year-old tree that grows normally and another tree with yellowing shoots and leaves at the same age in Torreya grandis 'Merrillii' located in Changle Town,Shengzhou City of Zhejiang Province,a main producing area of T. grandis ' Merrillii',nutritional elements were measured to explore the relationship between yellowing of leaves and shoots and nutritional elements. The results showed that contents of N and Mn in the leaves of yellowing shoots were higher than those of normal shoots,but contents of Ca and Mg were lower. With the development of yellowing,the content of Mn in the leaves presented an increasing tendency while the contents of Ca and Mg presented a declining trend. The contents of N,P,and Mn in the yellowing shoot were higher than those in normal shoots,but the content of Fe was lower. With the development of yellowing,the content of Mn in the shoots presented an increasing tendency while the content of Fe presented a declining trend. Therefore it was inferred that low levels of Ca,Mg,and Fe and high levels of N and Mn were responsible for yellowing shoots.In production,reducing N fertilizer and increasing Ca,Mg and Fe fertilizers in combination with improving the physical property of soil were useful to prevent and control yellowing.
With both one-and two-year-old shoots and leaves collected from a 15-year-old tree that grows normally and another tree with yellowing shoots and leaves at the same age in Torreya grandis 'Merrillii' located in Changle Town,Shengzhou City of Zhejiang Province,a main producing area of T. grandis ' Merrillii',nutritional elements were measured to explore the relationship between yellowing of leaves and shoots and nutritional elements. The results showed that contents of N and Mn in the leaves of yellowing shoots were higher than those of normal shoots,but contents of Ca and Mg were lower. With the development of yellowing,the content of Mn in the leaves presented an increasing tendency while the contents of Ca and Mg presented a declining trend. The contents of N,P,and Mn in the yellowing shoot were higher than those in normal shoots,but the content of Fe was lower. With the development of yellowing,the content of Mn in the shoots presented an increasing tendency while the content of Fe presented a declining trend. Therefore it was inferred that low levels of Ca,Mg,and Fe and high levels of N and Mn were responsible for yellowing shoots.In production,reducing N fertilizer and increasing Ca,Mg and Fe fertilizers in combination with improving the physical property of soil were useful to prevent and control yellowing.
引文
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[3]储开江,马全福,周绍仲,等.香榧枝条黄化原因探析[J].浙江林业科技,2010,30(2):49-52.
[4]鲁如坤,刘晓松,陈少华.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:146-226.
[5]张朝红,王跃进.缺铁黄化梨树根际土壤特性的研究[J].西北农业学报,2001,10(4):95-98.
[6]苗进,宋宏伟,卢绍辉,等.植物“黄叶病”的成因及其防治[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(18):329-333.
[7]魏良民,田晓东.微量元素缺乏导致甜菜叶片黄化原因分析[J].中国甜菜糖业,2004(3):48-49.
[8]胡霭堂.植物营养学:下册[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2003:102-109.
[9]盛鸥,严翔,彭抒昂,等.纽荷尔脐橙果实发育期叶片不同形态硼含量与缺硼的关系[J].园艺学报,2007,34(5):1103-1110.
[10]凌丽俐,彭良志,淳长品,等.赣南纽荷尔脐橙叶片黄化与营养元素丰缺的相关性[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(17):3602–3607.
[11]孙玉桃,廖育林,郑圣先,等.连续施用硫酸钾镁肥对柑橘的效应[J].中国土壤与肥料,2008(2):40-43.
[12]秦煊南.喷施硼锌镁对提高锦橙产量和果实品质的影响[J].西南农业大学学报,1996,18(1):40-45.
[13]董燕,王正银.矿质营养对柑橘品质的影响[J].土壤肥料,2004(6):37-40.
[14]刘芷宇.土壤-根系微区养分环境研究概论[J].土壤学进展,1980,8(3):1-11.
[15]陆景陵.植物营养学[M].2版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2006:77-82.