长江口北支河段潮汐不对称性分析
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摘要
通过对长江口北支连兴港站逐时潮位序列和青龙港站高低潮位序列进行调和分析,从潮汐不对称性方面,寻求出适合描述长江口北支河口形态的参数:变形系数A、G以及振幅参数A2和相位参数P。根据资料所绘制的参数拟合曲线表明,青龙港站、连兴港站均为涨潮占优,且青龙港站潮汐不对称性强于连兴港站,这主要由于长江口北支断面从下游到上游不断缩窄,潮波变形加剧所致;长江口北支从下游连兴港站到上游青龙港站,两站涨潮占优的潮汐不对称性差异在年际变化上总体呈现加强趋势,其主要与青龙港站潮汐不对称性总体减弱、连兴港站基本保持不变有关;北支下泄径流量减少,一定程度上导致了青龙港涨潮优势特性的减弱。
Harmonic analysis is carried out by using hourly tidal data of Lianxinggang Station and the high and low tidal data of Qinglonggang Station in Yangtze Estuary. Some appropriate parameters including deformation coefficient A,G,amplitude parameter A2and phase parameter P are selected to characterize the geometry of the north branch of Yangtze River Estuary from the perspective of tidal asymmetry. According to the parametric fitting curves,rising tide is dominant at Lianxinggang and Qinglonggang stations,the tidal asymmetry of the latter station is larger than that at the former one,because the vertical tidal wave becomes strongly distorted as it propagates into the narrowing estuary from downstream to upstream. From Lianxinggang Station to Qinglonggang Station,the difference on flood-dominant tidal asymmetry of two stations overally shows an increasing trend in an inter-annual variation,which is mainly related to the decreasing trend of tidal asymmetry at Qinglonggang Station and basically unchanging trend at Lianxinggang Station. The decrease of runoff of the north branch results in a reduction of rising tide-dominant at Qinglonggang Station to some extent.
Harmonic analysis is carried out by using hourly tidal data of Lianxinggang Station and the high and low tidal data of Qinglonggang Station in Yangtze Estuary. Some appropriate parameters including deformation coefficient A,G,amplitude parameter A2and phase parameter P are selected to characterize the geometry of the north branch of Yangtze River Estuary from the perspective of tidal asymmetry. According to the parametric fitting curves,rising tide is dominant at Lianxinggang and Qinglonggang stations,the tidal asymmetry of the latter station is larger than that at the former one,because the vertical tidal wave becomes strongly distorted as it propagates into the narrowing estuary from downstream to upstream. From Lianxinggang Station to Qinglonggang Station,the difference on flood-dominant tidal asymmetry of two stations overally shows an increasing trend in an inter-annual variation,which is mainly related to the decreasing trend of tidal asymmetry at Qinglonggang Station and basically unchanging trend at Lianxinggang Station. The decrease of runoff of the north branch results in a reduction of rising tide-dominant at Qinglonggang Station to some extent.
引文
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[2]Z B Wang,et al.Morphology and asymmetry of the vertical tide in the Westerschelde estuary[J].Journal of Continental Shelf Research,2002,(22):2599-2609.
[3]曹民雄,高正荣,胡金义.长江口北支水道水沙特性分析[J].人民长江,2003,(12):34-36.
[4]李伯昌,余文畴,陈鹏,等.长江口北支近期水流泥沙输移及含盐度的变化特性[J].水资源保护,2011,(4):31-34.
[5]杨正东,朱建荣,王彪,等.长江河口潮位站潮汐特征分析[J].华东师范大学学报:自然科学版,2012,(3):111-119.
[6]方国洪.潮汐和潮流的分析和预报[M].北京:海洋出版社,1986.
[7]王莹辉.高低潮数据的潮汐分析及预报方法研究[D].南京:河海大学,2008.
[8]王骥,方国洪.高、低潮数据的调和分析[J].海洋与湖沼,1986,(4):318-328.
[9]宋志尧,严以新,茅丽华.潮汐调和分析的一种算法[J].海洋工程,1997,(4):40-45.
[10]王如云,童章龙,陈耀登,等.基于连续函数最小二乘法的潮汐迭代调和分析方法[J].中国水运:学术版,2007,(3):116-118.
[11]王如云,周鹏,周钧,等.基于牛顿迭代法的潮汐模型高低潮时计算方法[J].水运工程,2013,(2):27-30.
[12]Bolle A,et al.The influence of changes in tidal asymmetry on residual sediment transport in the Western Scheldt[J].Continental Shelf Research,2010,(30):871-882.